Vowels have a wide, firm, and free channel, whereby the breath is modified without friction or sibilation. &hellip; in representing vowels the hand suggests a wide and firm channel, by having the accented finger bent and its terminal phalanx brought firmly in contact with the terminal phalanx of the thumb. <p> Vowel positions are distinguished by always having the voice phalanx of the thumb accented and in contact with the terminal phalanx of the accented finger. This kind of accent is the strongest which can be given a finger, and so always takes precedence. Two modes of accentuation may not co-exist. Mixed Vowels have the palm thrown forward so as to assume a compromising position. In Primary Vowel positions the accented voice phalanx of the thumb and the terminal phalanx of the accented finger overlap. None of the unaccented fingers are straightened. Wide Vowel positions differ from analogous Primary Vowel positions by having straightened unaccented fingers, to denote "Wide." Low Vowels have the pointer finger accented.

Normal Aperture Mixed Primary Low Vowel

Vowels have a wide, firm, and free channel, whereby the breath is modified without friction or sibilation.…

Illustration of a pentagon with sides measuring 6 2/3', 4 1/2', 5 1/3', 4 3/4', and 9 5/12'.

Pentagon With Sides Labeled

Illustration of a pentagon with sides measuring 6 2/3', 4 1/2', 5 1/3', 4 3/4', and 9 5/12'.

Illustration of a lever with fulcrum F. W represents the weight lifted, P is the force that does the lifting, D is the distance from the fulcrum to the point of application of the force, and d is the distance from the fulcrum to the point where the weight is attached. In all possible relations of the fulcrum, weight, and force the following proportion holds: P:W = d:D.

Lever and Fulcrum

Illustration of a lever with fulcrum F. W represents the weight lifted, P is the force that does the…

Illustration of a hammer being used as a lever. F represents the fulcrum.

Hammer Used as a Lever

Illustration of a hammer being used as a lever. F represents the fulcrum.

Illustration of an ordinary steel-yard being used as a lever. F represents the fulcrum. Weight P is used to balance weight W.

Steel-yard Used as a Lever

Illustration of an ordinary steel-yard being used as a lever. F represents the fulcrum. Weight P is…

Illustration of a hydraulic machine. "A principle known as Pascal's Law states that pressure exerted on a liquid in a closed vessel is transmitted equally and undiminished in all directions." If a, A, p, and P respectively represent the areas and pressures, then the following proportion holds: a:A = p:P.

Hydraulic Machine Exerting Pressure

Illustration of a hydraulic machine. "A principle known as Pascal's Law states that pressure exerted…

Illustration used to show how to divide a line into any number of equal parts by construction.

Construction Used to Divide a Line Into Equal Parts

Illustration used to show how to divide a line into any number of equal parts by construction.

Illustration used to construct an equilateral triangle on a given base.

Construction of an Equilateral Triangle

Illustration used to construct an equilateral triangle on a given base.

Illustration used to construct a triangle given the length of the base and the two base angles.

Construction of Triangle Given Angles and Base

Illustration used to construct a triangle given the length of the base and the two base angles.

Illustration used to construct a circle when given three points.

Construction of Circle Given 3 Points

Illustration used to construct a circle when given three points.

Illustration used to draw a tangent to a circle.

Construction of Tangent to a Circle

Illustration used to draw a tangent to a circle.

Illustration used to find the center of a circle.

Center of a Circle

Illustration used to find the center of a circle.

Illustration used to draw lines which are radii of a circle where the center is inaccessible.

Construction of Radii of a Circle

Illustration used to draw lines which are radii of a circle where the center is inaccessible.

Illustration used to construct and oval when given the width.

Construction of Oval

Illustration used to construct and oval when given the width.

Illustration used to construct a square on a given line.

Construction of Square on Given Line

Illustration used to construct a square on a given line.

Illustration used to construct a square that shall be a multiple of any given square.

Construction of Multiple of a Square

Illustration used to construct a square that shall be a multiple of any given square.

Illustration used to construct a square that shall be in proportion to a given square.

Construction of Proportional Square

Illustration used to construct a square that shall be in proportion to a given square.

Illustration used to construct a square that shall be in proportion to a given square.

Construction of Proportional Square

Illustration used to construct a square that shall be in proportion to a given square.

Illustration used to construct a regular pentagon on a given line.

Construction of Regular Pentagon

Illustration used to construct a regular pentagon on a given line.

Illustration used to construct a regular hexagon on a given line.

Construction of Regular Hexagon

Illustration used to construct a regular hexagon on a given line.

Illustration used to draw a parabola when given the base and height.

Construction of Parabola Given Base and Height

Illustration used to draw a parabola when given the base and height.

Illustration used to draw a an ellipse using string and pins.

Construction of Ellipse Using String

Illustration used to draw a an ellipse using string and pins.

Illustration used to draw a an ellipse using string and pins by describing a circles with diameters equal to the minor and major axes of the ellipse.

Construction of Ellipse by Describing Circles

Illustration used to draw a an ellipse using string and pins by describing a circles with diameters…

Illustration used to draw a an ellipse with major axis AB and minor axis CD.

Construction of Ellipse

Illustration used to draw a an ellipse with major axis AB and minor axis CD.

Sergeant Hart nailing the colors to the flagstaff of Fort Sumter.

Sergeant Hart at Fort Sumter

Sergeant Hart nailing the colors to the flagstaff of Fort Sumter.

John Brown (1800 &ndash; 1859) was an American abolitionist who advocated and practiced armed insurrection to end slavery. He played an integral part in making Kansas a free state. However, he was unsuccessful in the raid at Harpers Ferry in 1859.

John Brown

John Brown (1800 – 1859) was an American abolitionist who advocated and practiced armed insurrection…

John Brown's Fort (the engine house) from John Brown's Raid on Harpers Ferry. Brown led a group of 21 men in a raid on the Arsenal on October 16, 1859 in order to initiate a slave uprising throughout the South. The raid was unsuccessful but was a catalyst for the Civil War.

John Brown's Fort in Harpers Ferry

John Brown's Fort (the engine house) from John Brown's Raid on Harpers Ferry. Brown led a group of 21…

Harpers Ferry is a historic town in Jefferson County, West Virginia. It is located at the confluence of the Potomac and Shenandoah Rivers where the United States of Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia meet. It is best known for John Brown's raid on the Armory in 1859 and its role in the Civil War.

Harpers Ferry

Harpers Ferry is a historic town in Jefferson County, West Virginia. It is located at the confluence…

National Historic home of President Abraham Lincoln in Springfield, Illinois. Abraham Lincoln lived here from 1844 to 1861 before becoming the 16th President of the United States.

Home of President Abraham Lincoln

National Historic home of President Abraham Lincoln in Springfield, Illinois. Abraham Lincoln lived…

A political cartoon of the Southern states being built from the ruins after the Civil War.

Southern Republic Built from the Ruins

A political cartoon of the Southern states being built from the ruins after the Civil War.