ClipArt ETC

The Stems and Roots ClipArt gallery provides 87 illustrations of the various types of stem and root structures in plants.

"Aculeus.--A prickle or sharp point, from the bark." -Newman, 1850

Aculeus

"Aculeus.--A prickle or sharp point, from the bark." -Newman, 1850

"Buds.--Coverings of the germ." -Newman, 1850

Buds

"Buds.--Coverings of the germ." -Newman, 1850

"a.-- Truncated bulb of onion; b.-- onion leaf dissected off; c.-- bulb of lily. Bulb, a modified leaf-bud, formed on a plant upon or beneath the surface of the ground, emitting roots from its base, and producing a stem from its center." -Vaughan, 1906

Various Bulbs

"a.-- Truncated bulb of onion; b.-- onion leaf dissected off; c.-- bulb of lily. Bulb, a modified leaf-bud,…

"Diagram showing tissue-systems in young stem of castor-oil plant (Ricinus communis), as seen in cross-section. ep, epidermis; cor, cortex; p, pith or medulla; b, fibro-vascular bundle; ph, phloem; ca, cambium; x, xylem; ic, interfascicular cambium." -Gager, 1916

Castor-Oil Plant Stem

"Diagram showing tissue-systems in young stem of castor-oil plant (Ricinus communis), as seen in cross-section.…

"Showing the planes in which sections are cut longitudinal radially" -Stevens, 1916

Cutting Radially

"Showing the planes in which sections are cut longitudinal radially" -Stevens, 1916

"Showing the planes in which sections are cut transversely." -Stevens, 1916

Cutting Sections Transversely

"Showing the planes in which sections are cut transversely." -Stevens, 1916

"Showing the planes in which sections are cut longitudinal tangentially." -Stevens, 1916

Cutting Tangentially

"Showing the planes in which sections are cut longitudinal tangentially." -Stevens, 1916

An endogen, a plant that grows internally.

Endogen

An endogen, a plant that grows internally.

An exogen, a plant that grows externally.

Exogen

An exogen, a plant that grows externally.

"Exogen. 1. Section of a branch of three years' growth: a, medulla or pith; b b, medullary sheath; e e, medullary rays; c c c, circles of annual growth; d, bark. 2. Netted veined leaf (oak). 3. Dicotyledonous seed: a, cotyledon. 4. Germination of dicotyledonous seed: a a, seed-leaves or cotyledons; o, plumula. 5. Exogenous flower (crowfoot)." -Whitney, 1911

Section of Branch Showing Exogen

"Exogen. 1. Section of a branch of three years' growth: a, medulla or pith; b b, medullary sheath; e…

Ginger is the dried rhizome of the tropical plant Zingiber officinale. It is used in cookery, because of its aromatic volatile oil, and as a confection, either in syrup or 'crystallized' with sugar. In medicine, it is usually employed as a carminative, usually in the form of the tincture. It is grown principally in the East Indies (its original home), the West Indies, and tropical Africa.

Ginger

Ginger is the dried rhizome of the tropical plant Zingiber officinale. It is used in cookery, because…

A type of plant root.

Root Hairs

A type of plant root.

Cells of young root of a seedling Maple.

Maple

Cells of young root of a seedling Maple.

Much magnified small portion of young root of a seedling Maple.

Maple

Much magnified small portion of young root of a seedling Maple.

A Palm-stem in transverse and longitudinal section, the dots on the cross sections represent cut ends of the woody bundles or threads.

Palm-stem

A Palm-stem in transverse and longitudinal section, the dots on the cross sections represent cut ends…

"Diagram showing the relation of this year's leaves to the wood of the current year." -Stevens, 1916

Plant Tissues

"Diagram showing the relation of this year's leaves to the wood of the current year." -Stevens, 1916

Roots aid in support and nutrition for the plant. This is a runner root which sends down roots into the ground. The strawberry spreads this way.

Root

Roots aid in support and nutrition for the plant. This is a runner root which sends down roots into…

Roots aid in support and nutrition for the plant. This is a bulbous root from an onion.

Root

Roots aid in support and nutrition for the plant. This is a bulbous root from an onion.

"Apex of root hair flattened out over and imbedding soil particles." -Stevens, 1916

Plant Root Hair

"Apex of root hair flattened out over and imbedding soil particles." -Stevens, 1916

"A single root hair on a large scale, showing that it is an outgrowth of an epidermal cell, and the fact that it possesses a living protoplast and large vacuole filled with cell-sap and traversed by cytoplasmic strands. The nucleus is near the apex of the hair." -Stevens, 1916

Plant Root Hair

"A single root hair on a large scale, showing that it is an outgrowth of an epidermal cell, and the…

"Cross section of a root in the region of the root hairs." -Stevens, 1916

Plant Root Hairs

"Cross section of a root in the region of the root hairs." -Stevens, 1916

"Apparatus to measure root-pressure. T, large tube fastened to the stump of the dahlia stem by a rubber tube; rr, rubber stoppers; t, bent tube containing mercury; ll', upper and lower level of mercury in T." -Bergen, 1896

Root Pressure

"Apparatus to measure root-pressure. T, large tube fastened to the stump of the dahlia stem by a rubber…

"Laticiferous vessels from the cortex of root of Scorozonora hispanica...B, smaller portion." -Stevens, 1916

Root Vessels

"Laticiferous vessels from the cortex of root of Scorozonora hispanica...B, smaller portion." -Stevens,…

"Portion of a cross section of a root of Allium ascalonicum. h, large central, tracheal tube; i, xylem, and l, phloem portion of the vascular bundle; n, cortex cells; 1, endodermis with thin-walled cell at k to admit passage of materials; m, pericycle or pericambium." -Stevens, 1916

A. Ascalonicum Root

"Portion of a cross section of a root of Allium ascalonicum. h, large central, tracheal tube; i, xylem,…

A type of plant root.

Aerial Root

A type of plant root.

"These roots are such as subdivide in the earth in a manner similar to the divisions of the stem, and are found exhibited in the forest trees and shrubs."—Darby, 1855

Branching Root

"These roots are such as subdivide in the earth in a manner similar to the divisions of the stem, and…

"The bulb is a leaf-bud inclosed in scales or concentric layers, and is found either at the base of summit of the stem, or in the axils of the leaves; and differs in no respect from the buds hereafter to be described, but in separating itself from the parent, and forming an independent individual."—Darby, 1855

Bulb Root

"The bulb is a leaf-bud inclosed in scales or concentric layers, and is found either at the base of…

A bulbous root.

Bulbous Root

A bulbous root.

"The Cormus is that variety which increases beneath the earth by development of buds in the axils of the scales, but retains its globular figure, and propagates itself in no particular direction."—Darby, 1855

Cormus Root

"The Cormus is that variety which increases beneath the earth by development of buds in the axils of…

A creeping root.

Creeping Root

A creeping root.

The Dahlia root is a perennial.

Dahlia Root

The Dahlia root is a perennial.

"When the fibers of roots become enlarged by the deposition of starch, they form this variety of root."—Darby, 1855

Fasciculated Root

"When the fibers of roots become enlarged by the deposition of starch, they form this variety of root."—Darby,…

A fibrous root.

Fibrous Root

A fibrous root.

"This variety consists of numerous fibers proceeding from the neck of the plant, and may be seen in most grasses and grains."—Darby, 1855

Fibrous Root

"This variety consists of numerous fibers proceeding from the neck of the plant, and may be seen in…

A type of plant root.

Fibrous Root

A type of plant root.

"Where the root tapers toward each extremity, as seen in the Radish."—Darby, 1855

Fusiform Root

"Where the root tapers toward each extremity, as seen in the Radish."—Darby, 1855

"The variety which is very large at the base, but tapers abruptly, as in the Turnip."—Darby, 1855

Napiform Root

"The variety which is very large at the base, but tapers abruptly, as in the Turnip."—Darby, 1855

Roots which never reach the ground are produced by certain plants whose seeds, lodged upon the boughs or trunks of trees, grow there and make an epiphyte, or an air-plant.

Orchid Root

Roots which never reach the ground are produced by certain plants whose seeds, lodged upon the boughs…

A premorse (or abruptly ending) root.

Premorse Root

A premorse (or abruptly ending) root.

"The Rhizoma or Rootstock grows in a nearly horizontal direction, emitting roots from its under side, increasing by one extremity only, at which it puts forth leaves and flower-stems, and gradually dying at the other. Its surface is generally marked by irregular ridges formed by the bases of decayed leaves."—Darby, 1855

Rhizoma Root

"The Rhizoma or Rootstock grows in a nearly horizontal direction, emitting roots from its under side,…

A spindle root.

Spindle Root

A spindle root.

A taproot.

Taproot

A taproot.

"When the root sinks perpendicularly into the earth, and tapers regularly from the base to the apex with very few fibrous radicles. This variety contains some of the most important garden vegetables, and it is seldom found of natural growth, being almost uniformly produced by cultivation."—Darby, 1855

Tap Root

"When the root sinks perpendicularly into the earth, and tapers regularly from the base to the apex…

This shows a typical tap root, (Keeler, 1915).

Tap Root

This shows a typical tap root, (Keeler, 1915).

A type of plant root.

Tap Root

A type of plant root.

A tuberous root.

Tuberous Root

A tuberous root.

A type of plant root.

Tuberous Root

A type of plant root.

"Diagram to illustrate a root-hair (h) in the soil, and its relation to the soil-particles, the capillary film of water (w), and the air spaces (a); e, epidermal cell of the root, of which the root-hair is an out-growth, or branch." -Gager, 1916

Roots in Soil

"Diagram to illustrate a root-hair (h) in the soil, and its relation to the soil-particles, the capillary…

"Didymous roots are those which produce a tubercle each year, and when the tubercle of one year arrives at nearly the dimensions of the one of the preceding year, they answer to the form indicated by the term applied to them; that is, double or twin roots."—Darby, 1855

Didymous Roots

"Didymous roots are those which produce a tubercle each year, and when the tubercle of one year arrives…

Fascicled roots.

Fascicled Roots

Fascicled roots.

Fibrous roots.

Fibrous Roots

Fibrous roots.

"Diagram showing the progressive development of the skeletal tissues from the apex toward the base of the stem." -Stevens, 1916

Plant Skeletal Tissues

"Diagram showing the progressive development of the skeletal tissues from the apex toward the base of…

Piece of a stem of Soft Maple, of a year old, cut crosswise and lengthwise.

Piece of Stem from a Soft Maple

Piece of a stem of Soft Maple, of a year old, cut crosswise and lengthwise.

Stem of a potato plant.

Stem

Stem of a potato plant.

"Diagram showing some types of unusual growth in thickness. A, cross section through a four-year-old stem of Anisostichus capreolata." -Stevens, 1916

A. Capreolata Unusual Stem Growth

"Diagram showing some types of unusual growth in thickness. A, cross section through a four-year-old…

"Diagram showing some types of unusual growth in thickness...B, cross section of stem of species of Bauhinia; the xylem strands, b, are stippled while the surrounding parenchyma and bark tissues are left white." -Stevens, 1916

Bauhinia Unusual Stem Growth

"Diagram showing some types of unusual growth in thickness...B, cross section of stem of species of…

"Diagram showing some types of unusual growth in thickness...C, portion of a cross section of stem of Gnetum scandens; 1, 2, and 3 are successive rings of growth; m, is the pith; b, is a sclerenchyma ring. The xylem portions with the exception of the larger tracheal tubes are shaded, while the medullary rays, phloem and tissues intervening between the rings of growth and the outer cortes tissues are left white." -Stevens, 1916

G. Scandens Unusual Stem Growth

"Diagram showing some types of unusual growth in thickness...C, portion of a cross section of stem of…

Short piece of stem of Flax, magnified, showing the bark, wood, and pith in a cross section.

Stem of Flax

Short piece of stem of Flax, magnified, showing the bark, wood, and pith in a cross section.

"Adianium pedatum: transverse section of stem, showing the amphiphloic siphonostele." -Stevens, 1916

A. Pedaium Stem

"Adianium pedatum: transverse section of stem, showing the amphiphloic siphonostele." -Stevens, 1916

An articulated or jointed stem.

Articulated Stem

An articulated or jointed stem.