"Right Eyeball of Bird, seen from behind, showing the following muscles; a, rectus superior; b, rectus externus; c, rectus inferior; d, rectus internus; e, obliquus superior; f, obliquus inferior; g, quadratus; h, pyramidalis, with its tendon, k, passing through a pulley in the quadratus (as shown by dotted line) to keep it off the optic nerve, i, then passing around the edge of the ball to its insertion in the nictitating membrane." -Whitney, 1911

Right Eyeball of Bird

"Right Eyeball of Bird, seen from behind, showing the following muscles; a, rectus superior; b, rectus…

"Vertical section through backbone and ribs of Chelonian (I.) and Mammal (II.). N.SP., neural spine; N.SC., neural scute; T., tubercle of rib; C.SC., costal scute over rib (R.); CA., capitulum of rib; T.P., transverse process; CE., centrum; NA., cavity of neural canal. In the Chelonian the tubercle abuts against the flattened neural spine, and the capitulum against the transverse process. In the Mammal, the tubercle articulates with the transverse process and the capitulum with the centrum." -Thomson, 1916

Mammal and Chelonian Backbones

"Vertical section through backbone and ribs of Chelonian (I.) and Mammal (II.). N.SP., neural spine;…

"Brain of Skate (Raia batis), an elasmobranchiate fish. B, from below, in part enlarged: ch, optic chiasm; h, pituitary body; n and v, vessels connected with h; k, saccus vasculosus; ß, pyrimids of medulla oblongata; a, I, II, V, same as in A." -Whitney, 1911

Skate Brain

"Brain of Skate (Raia batis), an elasmobranchiate fish. B, from below, in part enlarged: ch, optic chiasm;…

"Brain of Skate (Raia batis), an elasmobranchiate fish. A, from above; s, olfactory bulbs; a, cerebral hemispheres, united in the middle line; b, thalamencephalon; c, mesencephalon; d, cerebellum; aa, plaited bands formed by the restiform bodies; I, II, IV, V, first (olfactory), second (optic), fourth, and fifth pairs of cerebral nerves; f, medulla oblongata; w, a blood-vessel. " -Whitney, 1911

Skate Brain

"Brain of Skate (Raia batis), an elasmobranchiate fish. A, from above; s, olfactory bulbs; a, cerebral…