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"The nature of the cut itself in pruning is of more consequence, especially in the case of fruit trees, than at first signt may appear. The branches should be separated by a clean cut at an angle of abouot 45 degrees, just at the back of a bud, the cut entering on a level with the base of the bud and passing out on a level with its top, for when cut in this way the wound becomes rapidly covered with new wood, as soon as growth recommences, whereas if the cut is too close the bud is starved, or if less close an ugly and awkward snag is left." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Pruning

"The nature of the cut itself in pruning is of more consequence, especially in the case of fruit trees,…

"The nature of the cut itself in pruning is of more consequence, especially in the case of fruit trees, than at first signt may appear. The branches should be separated by a clean cut at an angle of abouot 45 degrees, just at the back of a bud, the cut entering on a level with the base of the bud and passing out on a level with its top, for when cut in this way the wound becomes rapidly covered with new wood, as soon as growth recommences, whereas if the cut is too close the bud is starved, or if less close an ugly and awkward snag is left." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Pruning

"The nature of the cut itself in pruning is of more consequence, especially in the case of fruit trees,…

"The nature of the cut itself in pruning is of more consequence, especially in the case of fruit trees, than at first signt may appear. The branches should be separated by a clean cut at an angle of abouot 45 degrees, just at the back of a bud, the cut entering on a level with the base of the bud and passing out on a level with its top, for when cut in this way the wound becomes rapidly covered with new wood, as soon as growth recommences, whereas if the cut is too close the bud is starved, or if less close an ugly and awkward snag is left." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Pruning

"The nature of the cut itself in pruning is of more consequence, especially in the case of fruit trees,…

A branch of a species of palm native to the wider Caribbean.

Branch of Pseudophoenix

A branch of a species of palm native to the wider Caribbean.

From the story, <em>Pussy and Binkie.</em> Pussy can climb a tree but she cannot always get down.

Pussy and Binkie

From the story, Pussy and Binkie. Pussy can climb a tree but she cannot always get down.

"a shows a young tree with its second year's growth, the upright shoot of the maiden tree having been moderately headed back, being left longer if the buds near the base promise to break freely, or cut shorter if they are weak and wanting in vigour. The winter pruning, carried out with the view to shape the tree into a well-grown pyramid, would be effected at the places marked by a cross line." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Pyramid Pruning

"a shows a young tree with its second year's growth, the upright shoot of the maiden tree having been…

"Pyramidal Training." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Pyramidal Training

"Pyramidal Training." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Also known as Populus tremuloides. A species of tree native to the cooler areas of North America.

Quaking Aspen

Also known as Populus tremuloides. A species of tree native to the cooler areas of North America.

The branch of a Quercus acuminata tree, a species of oak tree.

Branch of Quercus Acuminata

The branch of a Quercus acuminata tree, a species of oak tree.

The branch of a Quercus brevifolia, a species of oak tree.

Branch of Quercus Brevifolia

The branch of a Quercus brevifolia, a species of oak tree.

The branch of a Quercus heterophylla, a species of oak tree.

Branch of Quercus Heterophylla

The branch of a Quercus heterophylla, a species of oak tree.

The branch of a Quercus hypoleuca, a species of oak.

Branch of Quercus Hypoleuca

The branch of a Quercus hypoleuca, a species of oak.

The branch of a Quercus Minor tree, a species of oak.

Branch of Quercus Minor

The branch of a Quercus Minor tree, a species of oak.

The branch of a Quercus oblongifolia tree, a species of oak.

Branch of Quercua Oblongifolia

The branch of a Quercus oblongifolia tree, a species of oak.

The branch of a Quercus platanoides, a species of oak tree.

Branch of Quercus Platanoides

The branch of a Quercus platanoides, a species of oak tree.

The branch of a Quercus Reticulata, a species of oak tree.

Branch of Quercus Reticulata

The branch of a Quercus Reticulata, a species of oak tree.

The branch of a Quercus undulata tree, a species of oak. Native to the southwestern United States.

Branch of Quercus Undulata

The branch of a Quercus undulata tree, a species of oak. Native to the southwestern United States.

Also known as Cydonia oblonga. It is native to southwest Asia, and produces yellow pear-shaped pome fruits. The flowers tend to be white or pink, and consist of 5 petals.

Quince

Also known as Cydonia oblonga. It is native to southwest Asia, and produces yellow pear-shaped pome…

"Pangium edule. 1. a male flower; 2. an ovary with its sterile stamens; 3. a cross section of an ovary; 4. a perpendicular section of a seed." -Lindley, 1853

Raual

"Pangium edule. 1. a male flower; 2. an ovary with its sterile stamens; 3. a cross section of an ovary;…

A characteristic found in woods. They are the radial ribbons extending vertically through the tree across and perpendicular to the growth rings.

Medullary Rays

A characteristic found in woods. They are the radial ribbons extending vertically through the tree across…

Also known as Betula occidentalis. The branch of a Red Birch tree, native to western North America.

Branch of Red Birch

Also known as Betula occidentalis. The branch of a Red Birch tree, native to western North America.

Also known as Abies magnifica. Native to the mountains of western North America.

Pine Cone of Red Fir

Also known as Abies magnifica. Native to the mountains of western North America.

Also known as Morus rubra. The branch of a Red Mulberry tree, native to eastern North America, from Ontario and Vermont to southern Florida.

Branch of Red Mulberry

Also known as Morus rubra. The branch of a Red Mulberry tree, native to eastern North America, from…

Also known as Pinus resinosa. The pine cone of a Red Pine tree.

Pine Cone of Red Pine

Also known as Pinus resinosa. The pine cone of a Red Pine tree.

Also known as Picea rubens. Native to North America.

Red Spruce Pine Cone

Also known as Picea rubens. Native to North America.

Also known as Salix laevigata. The branch of a Red Willow tree, native to Pacific Coastal California.

Branch of Red Willow

Also known as Salix laevigata. The branch of a Red Willow tree, native to Pacific Coastal California.

Also known as Sequoia sempervirens. An evergreen monoecious tree living between 1200-1800 years or more.

Pine Cone of Redwood

Also known as Sequoia sempervirens. An evergreen monoecious tree living between 1200-1800 years or more.

Reynard the Fox bets Bruin the Bear that he cannot eat a lot of honey without getting an upset stomach. He takes him to a tree outside of a carpenter's house. Bruin gets his head stuck in the tree while the village is after the bear.

Reynard the Fox: Bruin is Stuck

Reynard the Fox bets Bruin the Bear that he cannot eat a lot of honey without getting an upset stomach.…

Reynard the Fox, wearing a monk's hood, hides under a tree waiting to pounce on Copple the Hen.

Reynard the Fox: Hunting Chickens

Reynard the Fox, wearing a monk's hood, hides under a tree waiting to pounce on Copple the Hen.

Isegrim the wolf telling Reynard the Fox that there is a great treasure hidden and they are planning to make Bruin the bear the new king.

Reynard the Fox: Isegrim the Wolf

Isegrim the wolf telling Reynard the Fox that there is a great treasure hidden and they are planning…

Reynard is telling the story of how the other animals are guilty of tricks too. Tibert the cat climbed up a tree to escape hunting hounds but let them chase after Reynard's father.

Reynard the Fox: Tibert's Trick

Reynard is telling the story of how the other animals are guilty of tricks too. Tibert the cat climbed…

Also known as Betula nigra. The branch of a River Birch tree, native to eastern United States.

Branch of River Birch

Also known as Betula nigra. The branch of a River Birch tree, native to eastern United States.

A river passing close by a house. A boat is coming in to land with people waiting for its arrival. The cottage is shaded by a large tree and appears to have a dovecote or other community birdhouse.

House by River

A river passing close by a house. A boat is coming in to land with people waiting for its arrival. The…

Also known as Ulmus thomasii. The branch of a Rock Elm tree, native to the midwestern United States.

Branch of Rock Elm

Also known as Ulmus thomasii. The branch of a Rock Elm tree, native to the midwestern United States.

Also known as Abies lasiocarpa. A western North American fir.

Pine Cone of Rocky Mountain Fir

Also known as Abies lasiocarpa. A western North American fir.

Also known as Juniperus scopulorum. Native to western North America.

Branch of Rocky Mountain Juniper

Also known as Juniperus scopulorum. Native to western North America.

"These roots are such as subdivide in the earth in a manner similar to the divisions of the stem, and are found exhibited in the forest trees and shrubs."&mdash;Darby, 1855

Branching Root

"These roots are such as subdivide in the earth in a manner similar to the divisions of the stem, and…

Also known as Roystonea regia. A species of palm native to southern Florida, Mexico, and parts of Central America.

Branch of Royal Palm

Also known as Roystonea regia. A species of palm native to southern Florida, Mexico, and parts of Central…

This illustration shows a man preparing rubber.

Rubber

This illustration shows a man preparing rubber.

Cycas revoluta or sago cycad is known as the king sago palm but is not a palm; it is a cycad.

Sago Cycad

Cycas revoluta or sago cycad is known as the king sago palm but is not a palm; it is a cycad.

"Cycas circinalis; 1. a portion of a female frond; 2. section of the naked ovule; 3. ripe fruit; 4. embryo." -Lindley, 1853

Queen Sago

"Cycas circinalis; 1. a portion of a female frond; 2. section of the naked ovule; 3. ripe fruit; 4.…

A view on upper Saint John's River in Florida.

Saint John's River

A view on upper Saint John's River in Florida.

The branch of a Salix amplifolia, a species of willow.

Branch of Salix Amplifolia

The branch of a Salix amplifolia, a species of willow.

The branch of a Salix balsamifera tree, a species of willow.

Branch of Salix Balsamifera

The branch of a Salix balsamifera tree, a species of willow.

The branch of a Salix fluviatilis, a species of willow tree.

Branch of Salix Fluviatilis

The branch of a Salix fluviatilis, a species of willow tree.

The branch of a Salix longipes tree, a species of willow.

Branch of Salix Longipes

The branch of a Salix longipes tree, a species of willow.

The branch of a Salix missouriensis, a species of willow.

Branch of Salix Missouriensis

The branch of a Salix missouriensis, a species of willow.

The branch of a Salix nuttallii, a species of willow.

Branch of Salix Nuttallii

The branch of a Salix nuttallii, a species of willow.

The branch of a Salix sesillilifolia, a species of willow.

Branch of Salix Sesillilifolia

The branch of a Salix sesillilifolia, a species of willow.

<i>Salvadora Persica</i>. Also called toothbrush tree, mustard tree, and mustard bush. This image includes the female flower and the fruit. The fibrous branches of this plant have been used for centuries as a natural toothbrush. a. The female flower. b. The fruit &mdash; Whitney, 1889

Salvadora

Salvadora Persica. Also called toothbrush tree, mustard tree, and mustard bush. This image includes…

Also known as Salix cordata. The branch of a Sand Dune Willow, native to northeast North America.

Branch of Sand Dune Willow

Also known as Salix cordata. The branch of a Sand Dune Willow, native to northeast North America.

Also known as Pinus clausa. A pine tree mostly found in central Florida.

Sand Pine, Pine Cone

Also known as Pinus clausa. A pine tree mostly found in central Florida.

Santalum album is a small tropical tree cultivated for its fragrant oil and medicinal uses.

Indian Sandalwood

Santalum album is a small tropical tree cultivated for its fragrant oil and medicinal uses.

Callitris quadrivalvis (or Tetraclinis articulata) is a coniferous tree in the cypress family known as the Sandarac.

Sandarac Tree

Callitris quadrivalvis (or Tetraclinis articulata) is a coniferous tree in the cypress family known…

The fruit of Hura crepitans, the sandbox tree.

Sandbox Tree

The fruit of Hura crepitans, the sandbox tree.

"Sapodilla (Sapota zapotilla). (a), the fruit; (b), the same, transversely cut." -Whitney, 1911

Sapodilla

"Sapodilla (Sapota zapotilla). (a), the fruit; (b), the same, transversely cut." -Whitney, 1911

This is a tropical fruiting tree.

White Sapote

This is a tropical fruiting tree.

Also known as Amelanchier alnifolia. The branch of a Saskatoon shrub, native to North America, primarily from Alaska to Western Canada.

Branch of Saskatoon

Also known as Amelanchier alnifolia. The branch of a Saskatoon shrub, native to North America, primarily…

"Sassafras (Sassafras sassafras). 1. Branch with fruits. 2. Branch with sterile flowers. a, b, c, different forms of leaves." -Whitney, 1911

Sassafras

"Sassafras (Sassafras sassafras). 1. Branch with fruits. 2. Branch with sterile flowers. a, b, c, different…

A branch of a Sassafras plant, native to eastern North America.

Branch of Sassafras

A branch of a Sassafras plant, native to eastern North America.