Wright biplane

Aeroplane

Wright biplane

Wright's biplane

Aeroplane

Wright's biplane

Captain Roy N. Francis, one of the best-known American pilots, flying over New York.

Captain Roy N. Francis over NYC

Captain Roy N. Francis, one of the best-known American pilots, flying over New York.

The most successful flying experiment, which in 1908 made many successful ascensions. The plane was invented and flown by the Wright Brothers.

Wright Brothers Aeroplane

The most successful flying experiment, which in 1908 made many successful ascensions. The plane was…

Two biplanes flying through the clouds.

Airplanes

Two biplanes flying through the clouds.

A biplane labeled with its principal parts.

Biplane Parts

A biplane labeled with its principal parts.

An illustration of an airplane model with an automatic rudder. "a a, Elastic [airplane]; b b, Automatic rudder; c c, Aerial screw [centered] at f; d, Frame supporting [airplane] rudder and screw; e, India-rubber, in a state of torsion, attached to hook or crank at f. By holding the [airplane] ( a) and turning the screw (c c) the necessary power is obtained by torsion." -Britannica, 1910

Airplane Model with Automatic Rudder

An illustration of an airplane model with an automatic rudder. "a a, Elastic [airplane]; b b, Automatic…

An illustration of Langley's flying machine. A, Large airplane; b, small airplane; c, propelling screws.

Langley's Flying Machine

An illustration of Langley's flying machine. A, Large airplane; b, small airplane; c, propelling screws.

An illustration of Sir H. Maxim's Flying Machine.

Sir H. Maxim's Flying Machine

An illustration of Sir H. Maxim's Flying Machine.

An illustration of Chanute's biplane gliding machine.

Biplane Gliding Machine

An illustration of Chanute's biplane gliding machine.

This sign is used to indicate that an airport is located nearby.

Airport, Black and White

This sign is used to indicate that an airport is located nearby.

This sign is used to indicate that an airport is located nearby.

Airport, Color

This sign is used to indicate that an airport is located nearby.

This sign is used to indicate that an airport is located nearby.

Airport, Outline

This sign is used to indicate that an airport is located nearby.

This sign is used to indicate that an airport is located nearby.

Airport, Silhouette

This sign is used to indicate that an airport is located nearby.

This sign is used to indicate that an airport is located nearby.

Airport, Color

This sign is used to indicate that an airport is located nearby.

A diagram of wing airplane illustrating the skeleton. The shape of the wing creates a lift—draft ratio to create drift.

Airplane Wing Diagram

A diagram of wing airplane illustrating the skeleton. The shape of the wing creates a lift—draft…

Airplane flying almost sideway, called sideslip. The plane enters sideslip by lowering the wing and rudder while increasing speed.

Airplane Sideslip Flying

Airplane flying almost sideway, called sideslip. The plane enters sideslip by lowering the wing and…

A sideslip of the plane with the rudder turned left so that the plane flying sideways with the nose pointing down.

Airplane Sideslip Rudder Turned Flying

A sideslip of the plane with the rudder turned left so that the plane flying sideways with the nose…

The airplane is flying with the elevator depressed and rudder turned to recover the plane to the upright position.

Airplane Sideslip Rudder Turned and Elevator Depressing Flying

The airplane is flying with the elevator depressed and rudder turned to recover the plane to the upright…

An illustration of the plane recovered from sideslipping in air.

Airplane Sideslip Recovery Flying

An illustration of the plane recovered from sideslipping in air.

The illustration of the plane creating wash in and washout to reduce the lift distribution across the wing span.

Airplane Wash In and Out Flying

The illustration of the plane creating wash in and washout to reduce the lift distribution across the…

The illustration shows the airplane's fin, or keel surface. The fin of the airplane is located on the tail to create an efficient vertical turning.

Airplane Fin

The illustration shows the airplane's fin, or keel surface. The fin of the airplane is located on the…

A diagram illustrating the airplane's angle of incidence at axis A, direction of motion and thrust.

Plane Angle of Incidence

A diagram illustrating the airplane's angle of incidence at axis A, direction of motion and thrust.

The diagram illustrating the plane's angle of incidence pointing down at the motion axis. The plan will exert momentum and thrust force from angle of incidence.

Plane Pointing Down Angle of Incidence

The diagram illustrating the plane's angle of incidence pointing down at the motion axis. The plan will…

An airplane flying above the show illustrating the aerodynamics of the plane with the tail wing at the same angle as the main body. This reduces the lift of the plane by decreasing the angle of incidence.

Airplane Flying Above Shore

An airplane flying above the show illustrating the aerodynamics of the plane with the tail wing at the…

A plane flying above land illustrating the use of ailerons to adjust the angle of incidence to adjust the lift. Ailerons are located at the wing tips and controlled by the pilot.

Airplane Flying Above Land

A plane flying above land illustrating the use of ailerons to adjust the angle of incidence to adjust…

A propeller airplane with rudder, elevator, and ailerons. The rudder stabilizes the plane vertical, and elevator adjusts the pressure exerted by the horizontal stabilizer for a downward force.

Airplane Rudder and Elevator

A propeller airplane with rudder, elevator, and ailerons. The rudder stabilizes the plane vertical,…

An illustration of the plane flying over land from point A to B by flying the plane with the direction of the plane. Then, flying to point D by creating a diagonal line at 100 mph onto destination point B.

Aeroplane Flying Over Plane

An illustration of the plane flying over land from point A to B by flying the plane with the direction…

A pilot's cockpit from a propeller aeroplane, or airplane. The diagram illustrates the different parts of the cockpit used to control the plane. The cockpit contains gauges; watch; joystick controlling ailerons and elevators; and wires to adjust wings.

Aeroplane Cockpit

A pilot's cockpit from a propeller aeroplane, or airplane. The diagram illustrates the different parts…

Illustration of a propeller aeroplane, or airplane, with lower tail in flight.

Aeroplane Low Tail Design

Illustration of a propeller aeroplane, or airplane, with lower tail in flight.

The propeller airplane, or aeroplane, design in fast landing. This design requires a large landing area to stop the plane.

Aeroplane Low Tail Fast Landing Design

The propeller airplane, or aeroplane, design in fast landing. This design requires a large landing area…

A design of the propeller airplane, or aeroplane, in flight with a higher tail to create an angle of incidence when landing.

Aeroplane High Tail Normal Attitude Design

A design of the propeller airplane, or aeroplane, in flight with a higher tail to create an angle of…

A propeller airplane, or aeroplane, design with a high tail. This design creates a larger angle of incidence for a effective air brake to stop the plane in a shorter distance.

Aeroplane High Tail Slow Landing Design

A propeller airplane, or aeroplane, design with a high tail. This design creates a larger angle of incidence…

"As the bottom of the surface meets the air, it compresses it and accelerates it downwards. As a result of this definite action there is an equal and opposite reaction upwards." —Barber, 1917

Aerodynamic of Airplane Wing

"As the bottom of the surface meets the air, it compresses it and accelerates it downwards. As a result…

An airplane wing free body diagram illustrating forces acting on the wing.

Airplane Wing Free Body Diagram

An airplane wing free body diagram illustrating forces acting on the wing.

A motion diagram of the aeroplane, or airplane, illustrating the plane's direction to create thrust and small angle of incidence relative to the horizontal line.

Aeroplane Motion Diagram

A motion diagram of the aeroplane, or airplane, illustrating the plane's direction to create thrust…

A Dunne aeroplane, or airplane, design. the V shape plane stabilizes by having a V shaped depression in the middle and wing tips. This design is impractical due to the materials must be strengthen, creating more weight.

Dunne Aeroplane

A Dunne aeroplane, or airplane, design. the V shape plane stabilizes by having a V shaped depression…

An illustration of stabilizing the plane by setting the back wing at less angle of incidence than the front main wings creating a dihedral angle.

Stabilizing Aeroplane using Dihedral Angle

An illustration of stabilizing the plane by setting the back wing at less angle of incidence than the…

The illustration of the plane descending while spiraling down. The radius of the spiral spin is getting smaller. A nose spin drive happens when the pilot intentionally or unintentionally stalls the plane and control the plane side to side in air.

Aeroplane Nose Spin Dive Flying

The illustration of the plane descending while spiraling down. The radius of the spiral spin is getting…

An illustration of the plane's centers of gravity, lift drift and thrust to effectively glide the plane when the engine stalls.

Centre of Gravity Lift Drift Thrust of Aeroplane

An illustration of the plane's centers of gravity, lift drift and thrust to effectively glide the plane…

The diagram illustrating an approximate angle of flying an aeroplane, or airplane, flying upside down and in a loop by adjusting the throttle of the engine.

Aeroplane Looping and Upside Down Flying

The diagram illustrating an approximate angle of flying an aeroplane, or airplane, flying upside down…

A dihedral board on an aeroplane, or airplane, for stability. The boards are raised on short legs over the ribs with a spirit level on top of the board. Dihedral boards are used as a last result due to inaccuracy in stability.

Dihedral Board Aeroplane

A dihedral board on an aeroplane, or airplane, for stability. The boards are raised on short legs over…

A propellor engine illustrating of the motion of the propellor when in flight.

Aeroplane Engine

A propellor engine illustrating of the motion of the propellor when in flight.

"Mount it upon a shaft, which must be on ball—bearings. Place the propeller in a horizontal position, and it should remain in that position. If a weight of a trifle over an ounce placed in a bolt—hole on one side of the boss fails to disturb the balance, then the propeller is usually regarded as unfit for use." —Barber, 1917

Aeroplane Propeller Balance

"Mount it upon a shaft, which must be on ball—bearings. Place the propeller in a horizontal position,…

An illustration of weighing the propeller of the aeroplane to ensure it is balanced with the opposite side.

Aeroplane Propeller String Balance

An illustration of weighing the propeller of the aeroplane to ensure it is balanced with the opposite…

The illustration of an aeroplane, or airplane, propeller being balanced by using surface area testing. The length of the blade on opposite sides must be equal.

Aeroplane Propeller Balance Blade Surface Area

The illustration of an aeroplane, or airplane, propeller being balanced by using surface area testing.…

"The chamber (curvature) of the blades should be (1) equal, (2) decrease evenly towards the tips of the blades, (3) the greatest depth of the curve should, at any point of the blade, be approximately at the same percentage of the chord from the leading edge as at other points." —Barber, 1917

Aeroplane Propeller Balance Chamber

"The chamber (curvature) of the blades should be (1) equal, (2) decrease evenly towards the tips of…

A plan for pusher aeroplane, or airplanes. The propeller of the pusher plane is located behind the cockpit to "push" the plane while flying. The plan illustrates the proper skeleton and wires to control the adjustable wings.

Pusher Aeroplane Plan

A plan for pusher aeroplane, or airplanes. The propeller of the pusher plane is located behind the cockpit…

A propeller airplane plan illustrating the proper location of the skeleton and placement of the wires controlling the adjustable wings.

Propeller Aeroplane Side Plan

A propeller airplane plan illustrating the proper location of the skeleton and placement of the wires…

A top view plan of a propeller aeroplane, or airplane. The plan shows the proper ribs and skeleton for the wings and back side of the plane.

Propeller Aeroplane Top Plan

A top view plan of a propeller aeroplane, or airplane. The plan shows the proper ribs and skeleton for…

A pusher aeroplane plan illustrating the proper ribbing and wiring for the plane. The wires are used to adjust the wings during flight. Pusher aeroplane propeller is located behind the cockpit.

Front View Pusher Aeroplane Plan

A pusher aeroplane plan illustrating the proper ribbing and wiring for the plane. The wires are used…

A side view plan of a propeller aeroplane for two people. The plan illustrates the the proper location of the wires to support the the wings on the plane.

Propeller Aeroplane Top Plan

A side view plan of a propeller aeroplane for two people. The plan illustrates the the proper location…

This is a tool used to chute, or jump from an airplane and descent with.

Elongated Parachute

This is a tool used to chute, or jump from an airplane and descent with.

This is an early design of a future airplane, the landing apparatus features two sets of wheels.

Early Design Aeroplane

This is an early design of a future airplane, the landing apparatus features two sets of wheels.

Any of various winged vehicles capable of flight, generally heavier than air and driven by jet engines or propellers.

Early Airplane

Any of various winged vehicles capable of flight, generally heavier than air and driven by jet engines…

A vehicle that sustains itself in and propels itself through the air; an airplane, helicopter, glider, or the like.

Early Type Flying Machine

A vehicle that sustains itself in and propels itself through the air; an airplane, helicopter, glider,…

A fixed-wing aircraft capable of taking off and landing (alighting) on water. Seaplanes which can also take-off and land on airfields are a small subclass called Amphibian aircraft.

Hydro Aeroplane

A fixed-wing aircraft capable of taking off and landing (alighting) on water. Seaplanes which can also…

An aircraft that has a fixed wing and is powered by propellers or jets; "the flight was delayed due to trouble with the airplane"

Fixed Wing Aeroplane

An aircraft that has a fixed wing and is powered by propellers or jets; "the flight was delayed due…

An aircraft capable of flight using forward motion that generates lift as the wing moves through the air.

Larger Scale Airplane

An aircraft capable of flight using forward motion that generates lift as the wing moves through the…