ClipArt ETC
Leaves - simple; alternate; edge sharp-toothed, with the teeth somewhat thickened. Outline - narrow lance-shape. Apex - tapered-pointed. Base - pointed. Leaf - about five inches long, three quarters of an inch wide; surface with white silky hairs beneath, and often above; branches not yellow, and very brittle at the base.

Genus Salix, L. (Willow)

Leaves - simple; alternate; edge sharp-toothed, with the teeth somewhat thickened. Outline - narrow…

Leaves - simple; alternate; edge sharp-toothed, with the teeth somewhat thickened. Outline - narrow lance-shape. Apex - taper-pointed; in the young leaves often broad and rounded. Base - pointed. Leaf - small (two to three and a half inches long; about one half to five eighths of an inch wide); surface with white, silky hairs beneath and often above, especially in the young leaves. Branches - brittle at the base, smooth and shining and yellow. Blossoms - in May. Introduced - from Europe, but now found throughout the United States. Common around houses and in low grounds. General Information - Introduced from Europe, but now common around houses and in low grounds. A very large and familiar tree (fifty to eighty feet high), one of the largest of the Willows; low-branching; thick-set, of tough and rapid growth. A stake set in the ground grows readily. The silvery look of the tree (especially in a strong wind) is due to the gloss of its downy leaves. Salix from two Celtic words meaning "near" and "water." The Blue Willow (var. caerulea S.) is naturalized in Massachusetts.

Genus Salix, L. (Willow)

Leaves - simple; alternate; edge sharp-toothed, with the teeth somewhat thickened. Outline - narrow…

Leaves - simple; alternate; edge sharp-toothed. Outline - narrow lance-shape. Apex - taper-pointed. Base - pointed. Leaf - about five inches long by three fourths of an inch wide; somewhat silky, or smooth. Branches and branchlets - very long, curved, and drooping nearly to the ground. Introduced - from Europe, now common, and much used in ornamental cultivation. General Information - A tree thirty to forty feet high. The Latin name (babylonica) was suggested by the lament of the Hebrews, in the 137th Psalm. "By the rivers of Babylon there we sat down: Yea we wept when we remembered Zion. We hanged our harps upon the willows in the midst thereof." Salix from two Celtic words meaning "near" and "water."

Genus Salix, L. (Willow)

Leaves - simple; alternate; edge sharp-toothed. Outline - narrow lance-shape. Apex - taper-pointed.…

Leaves - simple; alternate; edge strongly and somewhat unevenly toothed, the teeth thickened and their points slightly incurved so as to appear somewhat blunted. Outline - narrow lance-shape. Apex - taper-pointed. Base - taper-pointed. Leaf/Stem - smooth, with two small warts on the upper side near the base of the leaf. Leaf - about five or six inches long, about seven eighths of an inch wide; dark and smooth above; lighter and smooth below (slightly silky when young). Branches - smooth, shining, and greenish; very brittle at the base, cracking off almost "at a touch." Introduced - from Europe. General Information - A tree sometimes sixty to eighty feet high, with a bush head and irregular branches. Its withes are used for basket-work. "The greene willow boughes with the leaves may vary well be brought into chambers and set about the beds of those that be sicke of agues, for they do mightily coole the heate of the aire, which thing is a wonderfull refreshing to the sicke patients." -- Gerardes' Herbal. Salix from two Celtic words meaning "near" and "water."

Genus Salix, L. (Willow)

Leaves - simple; alternate; edge strongly and somewhat unevenly toothed, the teeth thickened and their…

Leaves - simple; alternate; edge usually lobed (the lobes toothed). Outline - broad egg-shape. Apex - of the lobes, blunt-pointed. Base - usually slightly heart-shaped. Leaf/Stem - downy and nearly round. Leaf - usually about two and a half inches long; when mature, smooth and dark green above, below downy and almost snow-white. In the young leaves both surfaces and the leaf-stem are snowy-white and downy. General Information - A native of Europe; now widely introduced. A very ornamental tree, but troublesome in cultivation, and now out of favor because of the abundance of suckers that spring from its roots.

Genus Populus, L. (Aspen, Poplar)

Leaves - simple; alternate; edge usually lobed (the lobes toothed). Outline - broad egg-shape. Apex…

Leaves - simple; opposite; edge entire. Outline - egg-shape, or often broad oval, or reverse egg-shape. Apex - pointed, often taper-pointed. Base - pointed and usually slightly unequal. Leaf/Stem - short (about one half inch). Leaf - three to five inches long; smooth above; pale and nearly smooth beneath; with the whitish ribs very distinct and curved. Bark - of trunk, blackish and rough, with short, broken ridges. The bark, especially of the roots, is very bitter and is used as a tonic. Flowers - The real flowers are greenish-yellow, in a small rounded bunch; but this bunch is surrounded by four large, petal-like leaves, white and often tinged with pink, more than an inch in length, reverse egg-shaped, and ending in a hard, abruptly turned point. The appearance is of a single large flower. The tree blossoms in May before the leaves are fully set. Fruit - The "Flower" is succeeded by a bunch of oval berries that turn bright red as they ripen, making the tree in the autumn, with its richly changing foliage, nearly as attractive as in the spring. Found - in rich woods, from New England to Minnesota, and southward to Florida and Texas. It is very common, especially at the South. General Information - A finely shaped, rather flat-branching tree, usually twelve to thirty feet high, but dwindling, northward, to the dimensions of a shrub; one of the most ornamental of all our native flowering trees. Its character throughout the extent of its range would seem to warrant the recognition of its blossom as the "national flower." Cornus, from a Greek word meaning horn, because of the hardness of the wood.

Flowering Dogwood

Leaves - simple; opposite; edge entire. Outline - egg-shape, or often broad oval, or reverse egg-shape.…

Leaves - simple; indeterminate in position because of their closeness; arranged singly all around the branchlets. Leaf - needle-shaped, five twelfths to three fourths of an inch long, four-sided, curved, sharp, rather slender, bluish-green, much lighter than the leaf of the Black Spruce. Bark - lighter than that of the Black Spruce. Cones - five inches and more in length; about one and a half inches in thickness. Branches and branchlets - heavily drooping, especially in the older trees. Scales - broad reverse egg-shape, with an entire edge, and rounded or somewhat two-lobed at the apex. General Information - This spruce is not a native, but is now very widely cultivated, and is sometimes found escaped from cultivation. It is a finer and large tree than the native spruces.

Genus Picea, Link. (Spruce)

Leaves - simple; indeterminate in position because of their closeness; arranged singly all around the…

Leaves - compound (odd-feathered, but with the odd leaflet often dwarfed or broken off; leaflets, twenty-one to forty-one); alternate; edge of the leaflets entire, with one or two coarse, blunt teeth at each side of their base. Outline - of leaflet, long egg-shape or lance-shape. Apex - taper-pointed. Base, squared, or heart-shaped. Leaf/Stem - smooth, round, swollen at base. Leaflet/Stems - smooth and short. Leaf - one and a half to six feet long. Leaflets variable, usually about six inches by two and a quarter, rather smooth and thin. Bark - of the trunk, smooth and brown; the new shoots marked with whitish dots. Flowers - in long bunches at the ends of the branches; greenish, and of very disagreeable odor. June, July. Seeds - flat, at the centre of greenish and sometimes pink-tinged wings, in large, loose clusters. October. Found - common in cultivation, and to some extent naturalized. General Information - A large, showy tree (sixty to seventy feet high) of remarkable vigorous and rapid growth. It is a native of China. A Jesuit missionary sent its seeds in 1751 to England. In 1784 it was brought from Europe to the United States, and started near Philadelphia. Also about 1804 it was brought to Rhode Island from South America. But the source of most of the trees now found abundantly in the region of New York is Flushing, Long Island, where it was introduced in 1820. It has been a great favorite, and would deserve to be so still were it not for the peculiar and disagreeable odor of its flowers. Ailanthus, from a Greek word meaning "tree of heaven." Ailanthus - This spelling of the name should rule because so given by its author, although, etymologically, Ailantus would be correct, the native Amboyna name being "Aylanto."

Genus Ailanthus, Desf.

Leaves - compound (odd-feathered, but with the odd leaflet often dwarfed or broken off; leaflets, twenty-one…

Leaves - compound (odd-feathered; leaflets, eleven to twenty-five); alternate; edge entire. Outline - oval or egg-shape. Apex, rounded. Base - rounded. Stem - of leaf, smooth, and covering the leaf-bud of the next year. Leaflets - very smooth, thin, often slightly tipped with the end of the mid-rib. Bark - of trunk, dark, rough, and very deeply ridged. The smaller branches and young trunks are armed with strong, triangular prickles, but these disappear when the parts are three to four inches thick. Flowers - showy and abundant; in long, loose clusters drooping from the sides of the branchlets; white; and very fragrant. May, June. Fruit - a smooth and rather blunt pod, two to three inches long, one and a half inches wide, four- to six-seeded. Seeds, dark brown. September. Found - Native in the Alleghany Mountains from Pennsylvania (Monroe County - Porter) to Georgia; but now very generally naturalized throughout the United States east of the Rocky Mountains. General Information - A tree usually forty to fifty feet high, sometimes ninety feet, and of rapid growth. Its wood is exceedingly hard and strong, and remarkable durable when in contact with the ground. It is used largely for posts, in ship-building, and in turnery, and it is preferred to all other native wood for tree nails. It is one of the most valuable trees of this or of any country. But is cultivation as a timber tree, which at one time was very general, has nearly ceased in the United State on account of the constant damage done by the grub of the Painted Clytus (Clytus pictus). This troublesome borer not only injures the new growth, but also pierces and detaches large branches, leaving the tree ragged and stunted.

Genus Robinia, L. (Locust)

Leaves - compound (odd-feathered; leaflets, eleven to twenty-five); alternate; edge entire. Outline…

Leaves - compound; )even-feathered, leaflets, ten to twenty-two or more, usually about fourteen), sometimes twice compound; alternate; edge of leaflets entire as seen above, but as seen below often remotely and slightly toothed. Outline of leaflet - long oval or long egg-shape. Base - and narrowed. Apex - rounded. Leaf/Stem - and very short. Leaflet/Stem - downy. Leaflets - three fourths to one and a half inches long; about one third as wide. Often several of them (one to three) are partly or wholly divided into smaller leaflets. Surfaces smooth and shining. Bark - of trunk, gray, and much less rough than that of the common Locust (which has a somewhat similar leaf); branchlets brown and often warty. The branches and the trunk, excepting in very young and quite old trees, are usually thickly covered with spines, two to four inches long, which are curved at the base, often two- to three-branches, and of a reddish-brown color. Flowers - small and greenish. Fruit - a long, flat pod (nine to eighteen inches long) reddish; somewhat twisted, and filled between the seeds with a pulp which at first is sweet (whence the name "Honey" Locust) but which soon becomes sour. The seeds are flat, hard, and brown. Found - native in Pennsylvania, westward and southward, but also somewhat naturalized and widely introduced northward. General Information - A tree sometimes seventy feet high, with wide-spreading and graceful branches, and light and delicate foliage. It is often used as a hedge plant. A variety entirely bare of thorns (var. inermis) is sometimes found; also a variety (var. brachycarpos) with shorter fruit and thorns.

Genus Gleditschia, L. (Honey Locust)

Leaves - compound; )even-feathered, leaflets, ten to twenty-two or more, usually about fourteen), sometimes…

Leaves - compound (odd-feathered; leaflets, nine to fifteen); alternate (often alternate in threes); edge of leaflets finely and sharply toothed. Outline - of leaflet, long and narrow egg-shape. Apex, taper-pointed. Base - rounded and slightly pointed. Leaflet/Stem - lacking, or very short. Leaf - eight to twelve inches long. Leaflet - two to three and one half inches long; surfaces smooth. Bark - of the trunk, reddish-brown and rather smooth. Flowers - small and white, in large, flat clusters, over the surface of the tree - fifty to one hundred or more flowers in a cluster. May, June. Fruit - very ornamental, about the size of peas, scarlet, in large, flat clusters, ripening in autumn and remaining into the winter. Found - from Labrador and Newfoundland through the Northern States and southward along the Alleghany Mountains. Its finest growth is on the northern shores of Lake Huron and Lake Superior. General Information - A slender, somewhat pyramid-shaped, tree, ten to thirty feet high, much and justly prized as one of the best of the native trees for ornamental planting. Its bark and the unripe fruit are very astringent, and are sometimes used medicinally. A slightly different species (P. sambucilolia) is sometimes found in cold swamps and on the borders of streams along the Northern frontier. The Mountain Ash or "Rowan Tree" has for a long time been renowned as a safeguard against witches and all evil spirits. A mere twig of it suffices. "Rowen-tree and red thread Put the witches to their speed." "The spells were vain, the hag returned To the queen in sorrowful mood, Crying that witches have no power Where there is row'n-tree wood."

Genus Pyrus, L. (Mountain Ash)

Leaves - compound (odd-feathered; leaflets, nine to fifteen); alternate (often alternate in threes);…

Small in size in North America, the sunfish is Native on the east coast and is red or orange in color. The oceanic variety is several feet in length.

Sunfish

Small in size in North America, the sunfish is Native on the east coast and is red or orange in color.…

"A song bird native to India, Malaysia and the Philippines, so named from its curious habit of sewing leaves together to form a nest." -Foster, 1921

Tailorbird

"A song bird native to India, Malaysia and the Philippines, so named from its curious habit of sewing…

"An object regained as a symbol of a tribe, family, or individual" commonly made by Native Americans.

Totem Pole

"An object regained as a symbol of a tribe, family, or individual" commonly made by Native Americans.

Native to North America, the puma is also known as the mountain lion and the Florida panther.

Puma

Native to North America, the puma is also known as the mountain lion and the Florida panther.

Native to North America, the alligator is a large reptile closely related to the crocodile.

Alligator

Native to North America, the alligator is a large reptile closely related to the crocodile.

An Eskimo snowshoe of a North American Indian tribe.

Eskimo Snowshoe

An Eskimo snowshoe of a North American Indian tribe.

"Pueblo, Southwestern United States and Mexico." -Foster, 1921

Pueblo

"Pueblo, Southwestern United States and Mexico." -Foster, 1921

The tomahawk and arrow were used by Native Americans for hunting.

Tomahawk and Arrow

The tomahawk and arrow were used by Native Americans for hunting.

A piece of pottery and woven basket made by Native Americans.

Native American Handiwork

A piece of pottery and woven basket made by Native Americans.

A North American Indian chief.

Indian Chief

A North American Indian chief.

"An early day Indian camp." -Foster, 1921

Native American Camp

"An early day Indian camp." -Foster, 1921

A species of bird native to the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea.

Ortolan

A species of bird native to the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea.

The ostrich is the largest bird and native to Africa and Asia.

Ostrich

The ostrich is the largest bird and native to Africa and Asia.

A marine mammal native to North America.

Otter

A marine mammal native to North America.

"A native tree of the United States, growing principally in Michigan, New York, New Jersey and Kansas." -Foster, 1921

Papaw

"A native tree of the United States, growing principally in Michigan, New York, New Jersey and Kansas."…

A vine of the pea family, the peanut plant is native to Brazil but the fruit of the plant has become popular all over.

Peanut Plant

A vine of the pea family, the peanut plant is native to Brazil but the fruit of the plant has become…

(1811-1884) American orator and reformer who led the anti-slavery campaign and fought for the rights of women and Native Americans.

Wendell Phillips

(1811-1884) American orator and reformer who led the anti-slavery campaign and fought for the rights…

The popular fruit which is native to South America.

Pineapple

The popular fruit which is native to South America.

An image of a potato bug, its young and eggs. The insect is native to the Rocky Mountains and thrived when the West cultivated potatoes.

Potato Bug

An image of a potato bug, its young and eggs. The insect is native to the Rocky Mountains and thrived…

A flowering plant native to North America, Europe, and Asia.

Primrose

A flowering plant native to North America, Europe, and Asia.

A mound made by Native Americans in Marietta, Ohio.

Mound at Marietta

A mound made by Native Americans in Marietta, Ohio.

A stone pipe bowl depicting a face made by Native Americans.

Stone pipe-bowl

A stone pipe bowl depicting a face made by Native Americans.

A stone pipe bowl depicting a frog made by Native Americans.

Stone pipe-bowl

A stone pipe bowl depicting a frog made by Native Americans.

A stone pipe bowl depicting a large bird made by Native Americans.

Stone pipe-bowl

A stone pipe bowl depicting a large bird made by Native Americans.

A stone pipe bowl depicting a small rodent made by Native Americans.

Stone pipe-bowl

A stone pipe bowl depicting a small rodent made by Native Americans.

An earthen pipe depicting a face made by Native Americans.

Earthen Pipe

An earthen pipe depicting a face made by Native Americans.

An earthen vase made by Native Americans.

Earthen Vase

An earthen vase made by Native Americans.

A water-cooler made by Native Americans.

Water-cooler

A water-cooler made by Native Americans.

An ancient mortar used with pestle made by Native Americans.

Mortar

An ancient mortar used with pestle made by Native Americans.

An ancient pestle used with mortar made by Native Americans.

Pestle

An ancient pestle used with mortar made by Native Americans.

Three Native Americans in a canoe made from a hollowed out log.

Dugout Canoe

Three Native Americans in a canoe made from a hollowed out log.

A "long house" where up to fifty families would live, built by the Native American tribe, the Iroquois.

Iroquois Long House

A "long house" where up to fifty families would live, built by the Native American tribe, the Iroquois.

A Native American baby in his cradle or carrier. The term "papoose" is used for both the child and the carrier.

Papoose

A Native American baby in his cradle or carrier. The term "papoose" is used for both the child and the…

The seal of the Seminole Nation.

Seminole Seal

The seal of the Seminole Nation.

The seal of the Muscogee Nation.

Muscogee Seal

The seal of the Muscogee Nation.

The seal of the Chickasaw Nation.

Chickasaw Seal

The seal of the Chickasaw Nation.

The seal of the Cherokee Nation.

Cherokee Seal

The seal of the Cherokee Nation.

The seal of the Choctaw Nation.

Choctaw Seal

The seal of the Choctaw Nation.

The bayberry or Myrica cerifera is small tree native to North America and used in candlemaking and for medicinal purposes.

Bayberry

The bayberry or Myrica cerifera is small tree native to North America and used in candlemaking and for…

A Native American father and his son find a pony while hiking near the mountains.

Native Americans with Pony

A Native American father and his son find a pony while hiking near the mountains.

A decorative doodad with feather arrows, a bow, and leaves.

Native American Doodad

A decorative doodad with feather arrows, a bow, and leaves.

Singular warfare of the American Indians. Caption below illustration: "I no longer hesitated; I took my aim; discharged ,y piece; and the animal was instantly stretched before me with a groan, which I conceived to be that of a human creature. I went up to it, and judge my astonishment when I found I had killed an Indian."

American Indians Warfare

Singular warfare of the American Indians. Caption below illustration: "I no longer hesitated; I took…

The Indians and the Highlander. Caption below illustration: "The Scotchman requested that the broad sword should be given to the most alert and most vigorous person in the assembly; and laying bare his neck after he had rubbed it over with magic signs , and muttered a few inarticulate words, he called out, with a loud voice and cheerful air."

Indians and the Highlander

The Indians and the Highlander. Caption below illustration: "The Scotchman requested that the broad…

In the streets of Constantinople one might find lemonade sands, sweetmeats, coffee, and pipes and at all hours can be seen the native smoking accompanied by no end of dogs.

Life in Constantinople

In the streets of Constantinople one might find lemonade sands, sweetmeats, coffee, and pipes and at…

Cloves trees are native to Indonesia. Flower buds from the tree, once dried, are used as a spice in food world wide.

Clove Tree

Cloves trees are native to Indonesia. Flower buds from the tree, once dried, are used as a spice in…

"This tree, a native of India, is remarkable for its vast branches. It is a species of fig; has ovate, heart-shaped, entire leaves, about five or six inches long, and produces a fruit of a rich scarlet, not larger than a cherry, growing in pairs from the axils of the leaves." -Lupton

Banyan Tree

"This tree, a native of India, is remarkable for its vast branches. It is a species of fig; has ovate,…

"The name for the marine diving birds of the genus Fratercula. The common puffin is a native of the arctic and northern temperate regions. It can fly with great rapidity when once upon the wing." -Marshall

Common Puffin

"The name for the marine diving birds of the genus Fratercula. The common puffin is a native of the…

The quince-tree, which is supposed to be a native of Western Asia, is now cultivated throughout Europe, and in many parts of the United States, for its handsome golden yellow fruit, which, though hard and austere when plucked from the tree, becomes excellent when boiled and eaten with sugar, or preserved in syrup, or made into marmalade.

Quince Fruit

The quince-tree, which is supposed to be a native of Western Asia, is now cultivated throughout Europe,…

A strong-scented herbaceous plant of the genus Ruta, nat. order Rutacae, a native of S. Europe, but also cultivated in gardens in the United States.

Rue Plant

A strong-scented herbaceous plant of the genus Ruta, nat. order Rutacae, a native of S. Europe, but…