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Lyons-la-Forêt is a commune in the Eure department in Normandy, in northern France. Because of its architecture which has been maintained as it was at the beginning of the 17th century, it is also a well-known landmark within the very distinct geophysical and geocultural entity that is the Pays de Bray, known for its traditional bocage landscape of woods, orchards and cattle economy.

The City of Lyons, France

Lyons-la-Forêt is a commune in the Eure department in Normandy, in northern France. Because of…

William of Wykeham (1320 – 27 September 1404) was Bishop of Winchester, Chancellor of England, founder of Winchester College and of New College, Oxford, and builder of a large part of Windsor Castle.

William of Wykeham

William of Wykeham (1320 – 27 September 1404) was Bishop of Winchester, Chancellor of England, founder…

Henry V (16 September 1386 – 31 August 1422) was one of the most significant English warrior kings of the 15th century. He was born at Monmouth, Wales, in the tower above the gatehouse of Monmouth Castle, and reigned as King of England from 1413 to 1422. Henry was the son of Henry of Bolingbroke, later Henry IV, and sixteen-year-old Mary de Bohun, who was to die in childbirth at 26, before Bolingbroke became king. At the time of his birth during the reign of Richard II, Henry was fairly far removed from the throne, preceded by the king and another collateral line of heirs. The precise date and even year of his birth are therefore not definitely recorded; sources offer as the most likely either 9 August or 16 September, in 1386 or 1387. By the time Henry died, he had not only consolidated power as the King of England but had also effectively accomplished what generations of his ancestors had failed to achieve through decades of war: unification of the crowns of England and France in a single person. In 2002, he was ranked 72nd in the 100 Greatest Britons

Henry V of England

Henry V (16 September 1386 – 31 August 1422) was one of the most significant English warrior kings…

Castle Thunder, located in Richmond, Virginia, was a former tobacco warehouse located on Tobacco Row, converted into a prison used by the Confederacy to house civilian prisoners, including captured Union spies, political prisoners and those charged with treason during the American Civil War.

Castle Thunder

Castle Thunder, located in Richmond, Virginia, was a former tobacco warehouse located on Tobacco Row,…

Hampton Court Palace is a former royal palace in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, south west London, England. Along with St. James's Palace, it is one of only two surviving palaces out of the many built by Henry VIII.Thomas Wolsey, then Archbishop of York and Chief Minister to the King, took over the lease in 1514 and rebuilt the 14th century manor house over the next seven years (1515–1521) to form the nucleus of the present palace. Wolsey spent lavishly to build the finest palace in England at Hampton Court, which he was later forced to give to Henry as he began to fall from favour.

Hampton Court, 17th Century

Hampton Court Palace is a former royal palace in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, south west…

In 1189, Colchester was granted its first Royal Charter by King Richard I (Richard the Lionheart.) In 1648, during the Second English Civil War, a Royalist army led by Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle entered the town. A pursuing Parliamentary army led by Sir Thomas Fairfax and Henry Ireton surrounded the town for eleven and a half weeks, a period known as the Siege of Colchester. The Royalists surrendered in the late summer and their leaders Lucas and Lisle were executed in the grounds of Colchester Castle. A small obelisk marks the spot where they fell.

Fairfax Taking Possession of Cochester

In 1189, Colchester was granted its first Royal Charter by King Richard I (Richard the Lionheart.) In…

Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London (and historically as The Tower), is a historic monument in central London, England, on the north bank of the River Thames. The Tower of London is often identified with the White Tower, the original stark square fortress built by William the Conqueror in 1078. However, the tower as a whole is a complex of several buildings set within two concentric rings of defensive walls and a moat. The tower's primary function was a fortress, a royal palace, and a prison (particularly for high status and royal prisoners).

Procession to the Tower of London

Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London (and historically…

The name Traitors' Gate has been used since the early seventeenth century, prisoners were brought by barge along the Thames, passing under London Bridge, where the heads of recently executed prisoners were displayed on pikes. Anne Boleyn, Sir Thomas More, Queen Catherine Howard, and Anne Boleyn's daughter, Elizabeth I, all entered the Tower by Traitors' Gate.

Traitor's Gate, Tower of London

The name Traitors' Gate has been used since the early seventeenth century, prisoners were brought by…

The Church of England parish church of St Michael was built in 1293, supposedly to replace a Saxon church at Water Oakley. It has a number of sculptures which may have come from th earlier church, including a damaged Sheela na Gig. It is best known to brass rubbers for housing the superb memorial brass of 1378 to Sir John Foxley, the Constable of Southampton Castle, and his two wives. One of the local cottages has a tunnel which it is believed leads to the church and served as an escape route for clergymen.

Bray Church, Near Maidenhead, Berks

The Church of England parish church of St Michael was built in 1293, supposedly to replace a Saxon church…

An illustration of Castle Garden, known today as Castle Clinton or Fort Clinton. Castle Clinton or Fort Clinton was once a circular sandstone fort now located in Battery Park at the southern tip of Manhattan, New York City, in the United States. It subsequently became a beer garden, a theater, the first immigration station (predating Ellis Island), a very popular public aquarium, and finally a national monument.

Castle Garden

An illustration of Castle Garden, known today as Castle Clinton or Fort Clinton. Castle Clinton or Fort…

An illustration of the interior of Castle Garden, known today as Castle Clinton or Fort Clinton. Castle Clinton or Fort Clinton was once a circular sandstone fort now located in Battery Park at the southern tip of Manhattan, New York City, in the United States. It subsequently became a beer garden, a theater, the first immigration station (predating Ellis Island), a very popular public aquarium, and finally a national monument.

Castle Garden (Interior)

An illustration of the interior of Castle Garden, known today as Castle Clinton or Fort Clinton. Castle…

The Cathedral Church of Christ, Blessed Mary the Virgin and St Cuthbert of Durham, commonly referred to as Durham Cathedral, in the city of Durham, England, was founded in AD 1093 and remains a centre for Christian worship today. Durham Castle is a Norman castle in the city of Durham, England, which has been wholly occupied since 1840 by University College, Durham. The castle stands on top of a hill above the River Wear on Durham's peninsula, opposite Durham Cathedral.

Durham Cathedral and Castle

The Cathedral Church of Christ, Blessed Mary the Virgin and St Cuthbert of Durham, commonly referred…

Harlech Castle, located in Harlech, Gwynedd, Wales, is a concentric castle, constructed atop a cliff close to the Irish Sea. Architecturally, it is particularly notable for its massive gatehouse. Built by King Edward I during his conquest of Wales, the castle was subject to several assaults and sieges during its period of active use as a fortification. The seven-year siege of the castle, during the War of the Roses, has been memorialised in the famous song, "Men of Harlech".

Harlech Castle

Harlech Castle, located in Harlech, Gwynedd, Wales, is a concentric castle, constructed atop a cliff…

A sconce is a light fixture attached to the wall to support a a candle, torch, or bulb.

Sconce

A sconce is a light fixture attached to the wall to support a a candle, torch, or bulb.

An illustration of a decorative mirror case depicting the storming of the castle of Love.

Decorative Mirror Case

An illustration of a decorative mirror case depicting the storming of the castle of Love.

The Cathedral Church of Christ, Blessed Mary the Virgin and St. Cuthbert of Durham, commonly referred to as Durham Cathedral, in the city of Durham, England, was founded in AD 1093 and remains a center for Christian worship today. It is generally regarded as one of the finest examples of a Norman cathedral and has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site along with nearby Durham Castle, which faces it across Palace Green, high above the River Wear.

Plan of Durham Cathedral

The Cathedral Church of Christ, Blessed Mary the Virgin and St. Cuthbert of Durham, commonly referred…

"A coin, generally of unusual shape and rude workmanship, issued in a town or castle during a siege, when the operations of the ordinary mints are suspended." -Whitney, 1911 <p>This illustration is of the obverse side of the piece.

Newark Siege Piece - Obverse

"A coin, generally of unusual shape and rude workmanship, issued in a town or castle during a siege,…

The Sitting Griffin is used as a support of a seat in the Castle of Gaillon during the French Renaissance.

Sitting Griffin

The Sitting Griffin is used as a support of a seat in the Castle of Gaillon during the French Renaissance.

The Castle at Blois Dolphin is a design found at the Castle in Blois, France during the French Renaissance.

Castle at Blois Dolphin

The Castle at Blois Dolphin is a design found at the Castle in Blois, France during the French Renaissance.

This Blunt Grotesque mask is found in the castle of Ecouen in France in 1538.

Blunt Grotesque Mask

This Blunt Grotesque mask is found in the castle of Ecouen in France in 1538.

This trophy door panel was used as a decoration at a castle in Heidelberg, Germany during the German Renaissance.

Trophy Door Panel

This trophy door panel was used as a decoration at a castle in Heidelberg, Germany during the German…

This trophy door panel was used as a decoration at a castle in Heidelberg, Germany during the German Renaissance.

Trophy Door Panel

This trophy door panel was used as a decoration at a castle in Heidelberg, Germany during the German…

The evolute spiral frieze is a wavelike pattern that mimics the waves of the sea. Its interstices (small openings) between the lines is decorates with leaves and flower buds. This design is found in the Otto-Heinrich building of Heidelberg Castle in Germany.

Evolute Spiral Frieze

The evolute spiral frieze is a wavelike pattern that mimics the waves of the sea. Its interstices (small…

This modern french cresting border is a design found in the castle of Pierrefonds in France. It is found on the ridge or top of a roof.

Modern French Cresting Border

This modern french cresting border is a design found in the castle of Pierrefonds in France. It is found…

This wrought-iron pilaster capital is a 17th century design found in the castle of Athis-Mons, Paris, France.

Wrought-Iron Pilaster Capital

This wrought-iron pilaster capital is a 17th century design found in the castle of Athis-Mons, Paris,…

The stone parapet is a German Renaissance design of scrolls found on the Dagobert tower, a castle in Baden-Baden, Germany.

Stone Parapet

The stone parapet is a German Renaissance design of scrolls found on the Dagobert tower, a castle in…

The Renaissance console is shaped in front-view like a pendant triangle. This console is found in a castle in Blois, France.

Renaissance Console

The Renaissance console is shaped in front-view like a pendant triangle. This console is found in a…

This Renaissance console is a German design found in a castle in Baden-Baden. It imitates the Doric, Ionic and Corinthian styles.

Renaissance Console

This Renaissance console is a German design found in a castle in Baden-Baden. It imitates the Doric,…

This Renaissance console is a German design found in a castle in Baden-Baden. It imitates the Doric, Ionic and Corinthian styles.

Renaissance Console

This Renaissance console is a German design found in a castle in Baden-Baden. It imitates the Doric,…

This Renaissance console is a German design found in the Heidelberg castle. It imitates the Doric, Ionic and Corinthian styles.

Renaissance Console

This Renaissance console is a German design found in the Heidelberg castle. It imitates the Doric, Ionic…

This Renaissance earring is inspired from a portrait in castle at Gotha in Germany.

Renaissance Earring

This Renaissance earring is inspired from a portrait in castle at Gotha in Germany.

Krak des Chevaliers was the headquarters of the Knights Hospitaller during the Crusades. It was expanded between 1150 and 1250 and eventually housed a garrison of 2,000. The inner curtain wall is up to 100 feet thick at the base on the south side, with seven guard towers 30 feet in diameter.

Krak des Chevaliers

Krak des Chevaliers was the headquarters of the Knights Hospitaller during the Crusades. It was expanded…

The Ch&acirc;teau de Coucy is a French castle in the commune of Coucy-le-Ch&acirc;teau-Auffrique, in the d&eacute;partement of Aisne, built in the 13th century and renovated by Viollet-le-Duc in the 19th. In 1917, the German army dynamited the keep and the four towers using 28 tons of explosives.

Chateau de Coucy

The Château de Coucy is a French castle in the commune of Coucy-le-Château-Auffrique, in…

Beaumaris Castle, located in Beaumaris, Anglesey, Wales was built as part of King Edward I's campaign to conquer the north of Wales. It was designed by James of St. George and was begun in 1295, but never completed. Beaumaris has been designated as a World Heritage site, and is regarded by some to be the most architecturally perfect castle in Britain.

Beaumaris Castle

Beaumaris Castle, located in Beaumaris, Anglesey, Wales was built as part of King Edward I's campaign…

Caerphilly Castle is a Norman castle that dominates the centre of the town of Caerphilly in south Wales. Caerphilly Castle was built to stop Llywelyn's southward ambitions. It is the largest castle in Wales, the second largest in Britain (second to Windsor Castle) and is one of the largest fortresses in Europe. Built mainly between 1268 and 1271, it is an early example of a concentric castle.

Caerphilly Castle

Caerphilly Castle is a Norman castle that dominates the centre of the town of Caerphilly in south Wales.…

An illustration of the floor plan of Durham Cathedral. The Cathedral Church of Christ, Blessed Mary the Virgin and St Cuthbert of Durham, commonly referred to as Durham Cathedral, in the city of Durham, England, was founded in AD 1093 and remains a centre for Christian worship today. It is generally regarded as one of the finest examples of a Norman cathedral and has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site along with nearby Durham Castle, which faces it across Palace Green, high above the River Wear.

Durham Cathedral

An illustration of the floor plan of Durham Cathedral. The Cathedral Church of Christ, Blessed Mary…

This painting pattern is a 16th century design found in the Castle of Trausnitz in Landshut, Germany.

Painting Pattern

This painting pattern is a 16th century design found in the Castle of Trausnitz in Landshut, Germany.

This 16th century stoup is found in a chapel of a castle in Mello, France. It is used to store holy water.

16th Century Stoup

This 16th century stoup is found in a chapel of a castle in Mello, France. It is used to store holy…

William Tyndale (sometimes spelled Tindall or Tyndall; (c. 1494 &ndash; 1536) was a 16th-century Protestant reformer and scholar who translated the Bible into the Early Modern English of his day. While a number of partial and complete Old English translations had been made from the seventh century onward, and Middle English translations particularly during the 14th century, Tyndale's was the first English translation to draw directly from Hebrew and Greek texts, and the first to take advantage of the new medium of print, which allowed for its wide distribution (it is worth mention that some scholars claim he made this translation from Latin[citation needed]). In 1535, Tyndale was arrested, jailed in the castle of Vilvoorde outside Brussels for over a year, tried for heresy and burnt at the stake.

William Tyndale

William Tyndale (sometimes spelled Tindall or Tyndall; (c. 1494 – 1536) was a 16th-century Protestant…

An illustration of a castle.

Castle

An illustration of a castle.

An illustration of a draw bridge.

Draw Bridge

An illustration of a draw bridge.

One of four standing medieval castles in Neckarsteinach, also known as "Vier Burgeneck" because of its four standing medieval castles, is a town in the Kreis Bergstraße, in Hesse, Germany. The town was originally called Steinach, when it received city rights in 1377 it was renamed Neckarsteinach. The Knights of Steinach, lived in the local castle at the time. Two of the castles are still occupied by residents, and the two others are in ruins.

Castle of Neckarsteinach

One of four standing medieval castles in Neckarsteinach, also known as "Vier Burgeneck" because of its…

View of the castle framed by an arch. A landmark of Heidelberg, the castle ruins are among the most important Renaissance structures north of the Alps. The castle has only been partially rebuilt since its demolition in the 17th and 18th centuries. It is served by an intermediate station on the Heidelberger Bergbahn funicular railway that runs from Heidelberg's Kornmarkt to the summit of the K&ouml;nigstuhl. The earliest castle structure was built before 1214 and later expanded into two castles circa 1294; however, in 1537, a lightning-bolt destroyed the upper castle. The present structures had been expanded by 1650, before damage by later wars and fires. In 1764, another lightning-bolt destroyed some rebuilt sections.

Heidelberg Castle Viewed from Terrace

View of the castle framed by an arch. A landmark of Heidelberg, the castle ruins are among the most…

Interior view of Heidelberg Castle with elaborately carved doorway and part of a courtyard.

Interior of Heidelberg Castle

Interior view of Heidelberg Castle with elaborately carved doorway and part of a courtyard.

The Castle of Munnoth, sometimes called Unnoth, was erected in 1564, is a singular specimen of fortification with bomb-proof casemates, and walls eighteen feet thick.

Castle of Unnoth

The Castle of Munnoth, sometimes called Unnoth, was erected in 1564, is a singular specimen of fortification…

A landmark of Heidelberg, the castle ruins are among the most important Renaissance structures north of the Alps. The castle has only been partially rebuilt since its demolition in the 17th and 18th centuries. It is served by an intermediate station on the Heidelberger Bergbahn funicular railway that runs from Heidelberg's Kornmarkt to the summit of the K&ouml;nigstuhl. The earliest castle structure was built before 1214 and later expanded into two castles circa 1294; however, in 1537, a lightning-bolt destroyed the upper castle. The present structures had been expanded by 1650, before damage by later wars and fires. In 1764, another lightning-bolt destroyed some rebuilt sections.

Entrance to Heidelberg Castle

A landmark of Heidelberg, the castle ruins are among the most important Renaissance structures north…

Schloss Hohenaschau, is the dominating feature in the town of Aschau im Chiemgau in Bavaria. The huge castle was first built around 1165. This picturesque castle is situated on a hill, overlooking the Prien River. The rear facade of Schloss Hohenaschau, although not as ornate as the front side of the castle, is still quite impressive. From some views, the castle appears to grow directly out of a rock cliff.

Castle of Hohenaschau

Schloss Hohenaschau, is the dominating feature in the town of Aschau im Chiemgau in Bavaria. The huge…

Falkenstein Castle or Castrum Pfronten is a High Middle Ages castle ruin in the Bavarian Alps, near Pfronten, a town in southern Germany. The ruin's German name is Burg Falkenstein ("Castle Falcon Stone"). At 1,268 meters above sea level, it is Germany's most elevated castle ruin. Originally known as Castrum Pfronten, the stone castle was built approximately 1270-1280 by Count Meinhard II von Tirol on the borders of his land (Tyrol). Because of the unusual situation of the Castle it has been interpreted in historical context as a symbol of opposition to the Duchy of Bavaria. In winter the castle was uninhabitable because of the high altitude at which it is located. The name Castle Falkenstein only came into use in the 15th century. The castle was largely destroyed in the 17th century. King Ludwig II of Bavaria purchased the ruin in 1883 and planned to transform the site into a magnificent fairy tale schloss (formerly schloß). The plans were abandoned upon his death in 1886.

Falkenstein Castle

Falkenstein Castle or Castrum Pfronten is a High Middle Ages castle ruin in the Bavarian Alps, near…

Weierburg, a fine ancient structure produces such a charming effect that every one asks its name. Though the castle has neither high towers nor walls, it bears the proud name of "burg," (meaning an ancient or medieval fortress), and in ancient times may well have been a strong castle. Once the summer residence of the Emperor Maximilian, some of his relics are still preserved there.

Castle of Weierburg

Weierburg, a fine ancient structure produces such a charming effect that every one asks its name. Though…

The ancestral home of Conrad of Hohenzollern and the third castle constructed on the site. The castle stands today, and was constructed by King Friedrich Wilhelm IV between 1846 and 1867. It is located in the Suabian Alps.

Castle of Hohenzollern

The ancestral home of Conrad of Hohenzollern and the third castle constructed on the site. The castle…

Eisgrub, now Lednice, a village in the Czech Republic. It contains a palace and the largest park in the country. The park is laid out in an English garden style and includes the artificial ruins of a medieval castle on the bank of the Thaya/Dyje River.

Castle Eisgrub

Eisgrub, now Lednice, a village in the Czech Republic. It contains a palace and the largest park in…

An illustration of a castle.

Castle

An illustration of a castle.

An illustration of a group of knights in battle within sight of a castle.

Knights in Battle

An illustration of a group of knights in battle within sight of a castle.

"Gules, three towers embattled argent. BATTLEMENTS. Divisions or apertures on the top of castle walls or towers." -Hall, 1862

Towers Embattled

"Gules, three towers embattled argent. BATTLEMENTS. Divisions or apertures on the top of castle walls…

An illustration of the feudal castle of Rouen. Rouen is the historical capital city of Normandy, in northwestern France on the River Seine, and currently the capital of the Haute-Normandie region.

Feudal Castle of Rouen

An illustration of the feudal castle of Rouen. Rouen is the historical capital city of Normandy, in…

"PORTCULLIS. A grating suspended by chains, used to defend the entrance to a castle." -Hall, 1862

Portcullis

"PORTCULLIS. A grating suspended by chains, used to defend the entrance to a castle." -Hall, 1862

"TURRETED. A wall or castle having small turrets. In the annexed example the square tower has circular turrets at the angles, and is therefore said to be turreted." -Hall, 1862

Turreted

"TURRETED. A wall or castle having small turrets. In the annexed example the square tower has circular…

Color flag of Gibraltar. Two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red with a three-towered red castle in the center of the white band; hanging from the castle gate is a gold key centered in the red band.

Flag of Gibraltar, 2009

Color flag of Gibraltar. Two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red with a three-towered…

Black and white outline flag of Gibraltar. Two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red with a three-towered red castle in the center of the white band; hanging from the castle gate is a gold key centered in the red band

Flag of Gibraltar, 2009

Black and white outline flag of Gibraltar. Two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red…

Geirrod the giant spies a bird on the chimney of his castle. It is really Loki wearing Freya's eagle feather coat. Geirrod keeps him and gives him no food or water since he will not talk.

Geirrod and Loki

Geirrod the giant spies a bird on the chimney of his castle. It is really Loki wearing Freya's eagle…