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(1775-1863) Presbyterian minister and revivalist who called for constant church services and strong opposition to drinking.

Lyman Beecher

(1775-1863) Presbyterian minister and revivalist who called for constant church services and strong…

(1786-1860) Banker, politician and religious leader that became leader of the Catholic Apostolic Church.

Henry Drummond

(1786-1860) Banker, politician and religious leader that became leader of the Catholic Apostolic Church.

(1810-1885) Cardinal of the Catholic Church

Cardinal McCloskey

(1810-1885) Cardinal of the Catholic Church

(1832-1920) Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal church

Bishop J. H. Vincent

(1832-1920) Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal church

The Puritans were a group of English Reformed Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries who sought to purify the Church of England from all Roman Catholic practices, maintaining that the Church of England was only partially reformed.

Puritan Male

The Puritans were a group of English Reformed Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries who sought…

Church of St. Charles Borromeo in Vienna, Austria

Church of St. Charles Borromeo in Vienna, Austria

Church of St. Charles Borromeo in Vienna, Austria

St. Peter's and the Vatican, Rome, 1901

St. Peter's and the Vatican

St. Peter's and the Vatican, Rome, 1901

Archiepiscopal cathedral at Zara.

Romanesque cathedral

Archiepiscopal cathedral at Zara.

Rodolphus Agricola (Phrisius) (?February 17, 1444, August 28, 1443?[1] – October 27, 1485) was a pre-Erasmian humanist of the northern Low Countries, famous for his supple Latin and one of the first north of the Alps to know Greek well. Agricola was a Hebrew scholar towards the end of his life, an educator, musician and builder of a church organ, a poet in Latin as well as the vernacular, a diplomat and a sportsman of sorts (boxing). He is best known today as the author of De inventione dialectica, as the father of northern European humanism and as a zealous anti-scholastic in the late-fifteenth century. Born at Baflo, in the Dutch province of Groningen, Agricola was originally named Roelof Huusman.

Rodolphus Agricola

Rodolphus Agricola (Phrisius) (?February 17, 1444, August 28, 1443?[1] – October 27, 1485) was a pre-Erasmian…

Battle between Confederate and Union forces at Sudley Church.

Sherman's Brigade at Sudley Church

Battle between Confederate and Union forces at Sudley Church.

Site of the Shrine of St. Thomas, Canterbury Cathedral.

St. Thomas Shrine

Site of the Shrine of St. Thomas, Canterbury Cathedral.

Canterbury Cathedral.

Norman Crypt

Canterbury Cathedral.

Canterbury Cathedral.

Green Court Gate

Canterbury Cathedral.

Canterbury Cathedral.

Christ Gate

Canterbury Cathedral.

Aproach to Canterbury Cathedral.

Mercury Lane

Aproach to Canterbury Cathedral.

Baptistry at Canterbury Cathedral.

Baptistry

Baptistry at Canterbury Cathedral.

Transept of the Martyrdom at Canterbury Cathedral.

Transept of the Martyrdom

Transept of the Martyrdom at Canterbury Cathedral.

Towers of the West Gate at Canterbury Cathedral.

Towers of the West Gate

Towers of the West Gate at Canterbury Cathedral.

Tomb of the Black Prince at Canterbury Cathedral.

Tomb of the Black Prince

Tomb of the Black Prince at Canterbury Cathedral.

Martyrdom of St. Thomas at Canterbury Cathedral.

Martyrdom of St. Thomas

Martyrdom of St. Thomas at Canterbury Cathedral.

The Chair of St. Augustine at Canterbury Cathedral.

The Chair of St. Augustine

The Chair of St. Augustine at Canterbury Cathedral.

West front view of the Cologne Cathedral in Germany.

Cologne Cathedral

West front view of the Cologne Cathedral in Germany.

Salisbury Cathedral, an example of Gothic archcitecture.

Gothic Architecture - Salisbury Cathedral

Salisbury Cathedral, an example of Gothic archcitecture.

Bracket, Harlestone Church, Northamptonshire

Bracket

Bracket, Harlestone Church, Northamptonshire

Chapter House and Angel Tower, Canterbury Cathedral

Canterbury Cathedral

Chapter House and Angel Tower, Canterbury Cathedral

Two priests wearing the garmet.

Chasuble

Two priests wearing the garmet.

Romanesque glass painting, church of S. Urban, Troyes.

Band Motif

Romanesque glass painting, church of S. Urban, Troyes.

St. John, antigua, from the foreground of the Scotch Church.

Antigua

St. John, antigua, from the foreground of the Scotch Church.

Church of our Lady at Constantinople.

Church of our Lady

Church of our Lady at Constantinople.

Line drawing of a large Romanesque church. The illustration is similar to the Imperial Cathedral Basilica of the Assumption and St Stephen in Speyer, Germany, although it differs in some details. The original source <em>(Winston's Encyclopedia)</em> incorrectly identifies the structure as the "Cathedral of Worms."

Romanesque Church

Line drawing of a large Romanesque church. The illustration is similar to the Imperial Cathedral Basilica…

Early English style. Northwest transept of Beverly Minster.

Beverly Minster

Early English style. Northwest transept of Beverly Minster.

Early English style. Capital at Salisbury cathedral.

Early English capital

Early English style. Capital at Salisbury cathedral.

Carved doorway from Iffley Church.

Doorway

Carved doorway from Iffley Church.

Carved doorway with beak-head molding from Iffley Church.

Doorway

Carved doorway with beak-head molding from Iffley Church.

Norwegian carving from Stedye Church.

Carving

Norwegian carving from Stedye Church.

Voluted capitals from Haramston Church, Lines.

Capital

Voluted capitals from Haramston Church, Lines.

Scalloped-type capitals from New Shoreham Church.

Capital

Scalloped-type capitals from New Shoreham Church.

Grotesque and scrolls at Shobdon Church, Herefordshire.

Grotesque

Grotesque and scrolls at Shobdon Church, Herefordshire.

Carved Pier in church at St. Jak, Hungary.

Carved Pier

Carved Pier in church at St. Jak, Hungary.

Anthemion band from a church at Hersfeld, Saxony.

Anthemion

Anthemion band from a church at Hersfeld, Saxony.

Plate tracery from Etton Church.

Tracery

Plate tracery from Etton Church.

Bar tracery from Meopham Church.

Tracery

Bar tracery from Meopham Church.

Early English carving from church at Stone, Kent.

Carving

Early English carving from church at Stone, Kent.

Spandrel from church at Stone, Kent.

Spandrel

Spandrel from church at Stone, Kent.

Wancet windows from Warmington Church.

Lancet Window

Wancet windows from Warmington Church.

Cresting ornament from Arundel Church in the Perpendicular style.

Cresting

Cresting ornament from Arundel Church in the Perpendicular style.

The Chartres cathedral viewed from the front.

Chartres Cathedral

The Chartres cathedral viewed from the front.

View of the Reims Cathedral from the front.

Reims Cathedral

View of the Reims Cathedral from the front.

The Ameins Cathedral viewed from the front.

Ameins Cathedral

The Ameins Cathedral viewed from the front.

The Srasburg Cathedral viewed from the front.

Strasburg Cathedral

The Srasburg Cathedral viewed from the front.

The Cologne Cathedral viewed from the front.

Cologne Cathedral

The Cologne Cathedral viewed from the front.

The Sainte Chapelle viewed from the front.

Sainte Chapelle

The Sainte Chapelle viewed from the front.

The Canterbury Cathedral viewe from the front.

Canterbury Cathedral

The Canterbury Cathedral viewe from the front.

A famous church in Paris

St. Sulpice

A famous church in Paris

"Desperate skirmish at Old Church, near Tunstall's Station, VA., between a squadron of the Fifth United States Cavalry and Stuart's Confederate Cavalry, June 13th, 1862- death of the Confederate Captain Latane. The Confederate cavalry raid was first to Old Church, where they had a skirmish with a squadron of the Fifth United States Cavalry, who gallantly cut their way through the greatly superior numbers of the enemy, killing a Confederate captain. The Confederates then proceeded to Garlick's Landing, on the Pamunkey River, and only four miles from the White House; thence to Baltimore Crossroads, near New Kent Courthouse, on their way to Richmond, which they reached by crossing the Chickahominy, between Bottom's Bridge and James River."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Old Church

"Desperate skirmish at Old Church, near Tunstall's Station, VA., between a squadron of the Fifth United…

"Skirmishing between the pickets of the two armies near Munson's Hill- the hill in the distance. Munson's Hill is about five miles from the Chain Bridge, on the northern side of the Leesburg Turnpike, about one mile from Bailey's Crossroads, where our pickets were stationed, and about three miles this side of Falls Church, which was in full possession of the enemy. In this neighborhood they had strong pickets, which frequently came into collision with those sent out upon the Federal side from Ball's Roads." &mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Munson's Hill

"Skirmishing between the pickets of the two armies near Munson's Hill- the hill in the distance. Munson's…

"Battle at Willis Church, Monday, June 30th, 1862- the Federal forces, under General Heintzelman, engaged with the enemy. This desperate battle between the Confederates on one hand and the divisions of General Heintzelman and Franklin on the other was fought on the morning of Monday, June 30th, 1862, at Willis Church, a place midway between the White Oak Swamp Bridge and Turkey Bend, where, later in the day, another fierce fight raged, the week of combat being closed next day by the deadly but drawn battle of Malvern Hill. Our sketch represents the position of part of the Federal army at ten o'clock in the morning, just as the battle was commencing. The baggage train is in the foreground, and the enemy is advancing upon the Federal lines, and covering the advance with a heavy shower of shells. Willis Church is on the left of the illustration, being what most of the Southern places of worship were, mere wooden barns." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Battle at Willis Church

"Battle at Willis Church, Monday, June 30th, 1862- the Federal forces, under General Heintzelman, engaged…

"Battle of White Oak Swamp Bridge, Monday June 30th, 1862- Ayres's, Mott's and Randall's batteries checking the advance of the Confederates. After the battle of Savage's Station the Federals continued on their retreat, and by eight o'clock on the morning of June 30th, 1862, they had crossed White Oak Swamp and Creek, after destroying the bridge over the latter and warding off the repeated attacks to which they were subjected throughout the night. After crossing White Oak Creek the Federals had quickly formed a new line of battle at Willis Church, General Hancock's forces being on the extreme right, while Porter's occupied the left, and Heintzelman's and Sumner's the intervening space. Jackson's advance was checked by the destruction of the bridge, and when he reached the creek, at about noon, he found the approaches well defended by artillery. Jackson opened upon Hancock's troops, and made repeated efforts to rebuild the bridge under cover of his heavy artillery, but he was every time repulsed. While this was going on Longstreet and Hill had come upon a Federal force at a place two miles away, called Frazier's Farm. Here stood Sumner and Hooker, on the extreme right, McCall somewhat in advance toward the centre and Kearny on the extreme left. When Longstreet found this force arrayed against him he waited for re-enforcements to come up, and it was four o'clock when he commenced the attack. McCall's left was first assailed by Kenper's brigade, which was met by the Pennsylvania Reserves under Colonel Simmons, who, after a bitter conflict, drove the Confederates into the woods with a loss of 250 killed and wounded and about 200 prisoners. Fresh troops then enabled the Confederates to drive back the Federals, who in turn lost heavily. Longstreet and Hill now pressed on, and the conflict became a severe one along the entire front. One point, then another, was vainly tried in the determined effort to break the Federal line. At length Wilcox's Alabama Brigade rushed across an open field upon McCall's left, directly against Randall's battery, which centered upon the Confederates a most galling fire. Nothing daunted, they moved on, and finally engaging in a desperate hand-to-hand fight, first captured Cooper's battery, and afterward Randall's battery, which had been doing such terrible execution. A charge was then ordered for the recapture of the guns. The Confederates bravely met the severe attacks that followed. A still more desperate hand-to-hand struggle took place for the possession of the lost batteries, which were finally recaptured. By dark the Confederates had retired into the woods, and the Federals remained on that portion of the field which they had lost earlier in the action. The Federal loss was about 1,800 killed and wounded, whilst that of the Confederates was over 2,000. Colonel Simmons and General Meade were both severely wounded, while General McCall was a made prisoner." —Leslie, 1896

Battle of White Oak Swamp Bridge

"Battle of White Oak Swamp Bridge, Monday June 30th, 1862- Ayres's, Mott's and Randall's batteries checking…

"Grant's Campaign in Virginia. The Battle of Bethesda Church, between Crawford's division, Fifth Corps, and the Confederates, May 30th, 1864. At two P. M. the enemy attacked Crawford's division, and he, in accordance with instructions, fell back, and a line of battle was formed, Griffin on the right, Cutler in the centre, Crawford on the left, General Burnside's corps being to the right of Warren's. At six P. M. the enemy assaulted Griffin on the right. It was a general and sudden attack. They advanced in two lines of battle and heavy skirmish line. Simultaneous with their opening volley of musketry came solid shot and shell from the angry mouths of a score and more of hostile cannon. Firm and unshaken as a wall of brass stood the Federal troops. Schooled to such sudden attacks and ready for it, the Federals coolly waited to return the fire. It was a most murderous volley. The assaulting column were staggered and fell back. Upon General Crawford's division the assaults were more repeated and more fierce. The enemy sought to turn his left, but each time was handsomely repulsed, and more than special glory was won by the men meeting and expelling these assaults.'"— Frank Leslie, 1896

Grant's Campaign

"Grant's Campaign in Virginia. The Battle of Bethesda Church, between Crawford's division, Fifth Corps,…

"The war in Mississippi- defeat of Wirt Adams's Confederate cavalry by the Second Wisconsin cavalry, Major Eastman, near Red Bone Church, Miss."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

War in Mississippi

"The war in Mississippi- defeat of Wirt Adams's Confederate cavalry by the Second Wisconsin cavalry,…