ClipArt ETC
"Flame. a, area of no combustion. b, area of partial combustion. c, area of complete combustion." -Foster, 1921

Flame Parts

"Flame. a, area of no combustion. b, area of partial combustion. c, area of complete combustion." -Foster,…

"The reducing flame (as of a blowpipe) is that part of the flame which is deficient in oxygen for combustion (RF in figure), and which has therefore a reducing effect, or, n other words, tends to deprive the substance under examination of oxygen; the oxidizing flame is that part (OF in figure) in which the oxygen is in excess, and which exerts the opposite or oxidizing effect. The distinction is important in blowpipe analysis." -Whitney, 1911

Reducing and Oxidizing Flames

"The reducing flame (as of a blowpipe) is that part of the flame which is deficient in oxygen for combustion…

A furnace is a device used for heating, mostly for manufacturing. Heat energy usually comes from fuel combustion, or electricity.

Arch Plate for Furnace

A furnace is a device used for heating, mostly for manufacturing. Heat energy usually comes from fuel…

A furnace is a device used for heating. The furnace was most likely used for the manufacturing of ceramic objects. The heat energy used to fuel a furnace may be supplied directly by fuel combustion, by electricity such as the electric arc furnace, or through induction heating in induction furnaces.

Front for Hot Air Furnace

A furnace is a device used for heating. The furnace was most likely used for the manufacturing of ceramic…