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"Corvus corax, the Raven, are generally black with a purplish or greenish gloss, and frequently with white at the base of the feathers; some, however, are browner."

Raven

"Corvus corax, the Raven, are generally black with a purplish or greenish gloss, and frequently with…

"Aegithognathous skull of raven, Corvus corax, nat. size, from nature, by Dr. R. W. Shufeldt, U.S.A. Letters as before. N.B. The reference line, V, goes to the ossified nasal septum borne upon the end of the vomer, which latter bone begins at the thickest part of the central projection. Mxp underlies V and overlies Pl, but touches neither." Elliot Coues, 1884

The Skull of a Raven

"Aegithognathous skull of raven, Corvus corax, nat. size, from nature, by Dr. R. W. Shufeldt, U.S.A.…

"Corvus corax. American Raven. Feathers of throat somewhat stiffened, lengthened, pointed, lying loose from one another; those of neck with gray downy bases, as elsewhere on the body. Color entirely lustrous black, with chiefly purplish and violet burnishing." Elliot Coues, 1884

American Raven

"Corvus corax. American Raven. Feathers of throat somewhat stiffened, lengthened, pointed, lying loose…