"A wooden runner, of tough wood, from five to ten feet long, an or an inch and a half thick at the middle, but thinner toward the ends, an inch wider than the shoe of the user, and turned up in a curve at the front." —Whitney, 1889

Ski - Side and Bottom View

"A wooden runner, of tough wood, from five to ten feet long, an or an inch and a half thick at the middle,…

A small circle is one formed by a plane which does not cut the earth into two equal parts. The small circles are the <em>parallels</em>.

Small Circle

A small circle is one formed by a plane which does not cut the earth into two equal parts. The small…

Illustration of a spiral curve.

Spiral

Illustration of a spiral curve.

Illustration of a spiral curve.

Spiral

Illustration of a spiral curve.

Illustration showing an Archimedean Spiral.

Archimedean Spiral

Illustration showing an Archimedean Spiral.

Illustration of a spiral named after the 3rd century BC Greek mathematician Archimedes.

Archimedean Spiral

Illustration of a spiral named after the 3rd century BC Greek mathematician Archimedes.

A spiral of Archimedes.

Archimedes spiral

A spiral of Archimedes.

A logarithmic spiral.

Hyperbolic spiral

A logarithmic spiral.

A hyperbolic spiral.

Hyperbolic spiral

A hyperbolic spiral.

Illustration of a hyperbolic spiral, also called a reciprocal spiral, it is a transcendental plane curve. It is a type of Cotes' spiral and is the exact opposite of an Archimedean spiral.

Hyperbolic Spiral

Illustration of a hyperbolic spiral, also called a reciprocal spiral, it is a transcendental plane curve.…

Lituus spiral.

Lituus spiral

Lituus spiral.

Illustration showing a lituus spiral/curve.

Lituus Spiral

Illustration showing a lituus spiral/curve.

Illustration showing a logarithmic spiral.

Logarithmic Spiral

Illustration showing a logarithmic spiral.

Illustration showing a logarithmic spiral/curve.

Logarithmic Spiral

Illustration showing a logarithmic spiral/curve.

Illustration of silo to show a curved surface

Curved Surface

Illustration of silo to show a curved surface

Illustration showing a tractrix curve.

Tractrix

Illustration showing a tractrix curve.