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Structure of the protonephridium (excretory organ) of a flatworm. A, part of the excretory apparatus of a tapeworm; R, edge of body; c, collecting tubules. B, terminal cells with flame of cilia. C, diagram of terminal cell, excretory capillary, and canal.

Protonephridium

Structure of the protonephridium (excretory organ) of a flatworm. A, part of the excretory apparatus…

Structure of the protonephridium (excretory organ) of a shark. Labels: Wtr, ciliated funnels; Ug, segmental duct.

Protonephridium of a Shark

Structure of the protonephridium (excretory organ) of a shark. Labels: Wtr, ciliated funnels; Ug, segmental…

Structure of the protonephridium (excretory organ) of an annelid. Labels: Wtr, ciliated funnels; Ds, dissepiments.

Protonephridium of an Annelid

Structure of the protonephridium (excretory organ) of an annelid. Labels: Wtr, ciliated funnels; Ds,…