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Also known as Abies balsamea. A North American fir, generally found in most of the eastern and central areas of the United States and Canada.

Pine Cone of Balsam Fir

Also known as Abies balsamea. A North American fir, generally found in most of the eastern and central…

Also known as Pseudotsuga menziesii. An evergreen conifer species found in western North America.

Pine Cone of Douglas Spruce

Also known as Pseudotsuga menziesii. An evergreen conifer species found in western North America.

Balsam firs are found in balsams in Canada.

Balsam Fir

Balsam firs are found in balsams in Canada.

"Young resin gland of fir: <em>a</em>, duct, an intercellular space formed by the separation of the four nucleate cells." &mdash; Coulter, 1910

Resin gland of a fir

"Young resin gland of fir: a, duct, an intercellular space formed by the separation of the…

Also known as Abies fraseri. A species of fir native to the eastern United States mountains.

Pine Cone of Fraser Fir

Also known as Abies fraseri. A species of fir native to the eastern United States mountains.

Also known as Abies grandis. A fir native to the Pacific Northwest and Northern California.

Pine Cone of Grand Fir

Also known as Abies grandis. A fir native to the Pacific Northwest and Northern California.

This illustration shows a portion of Lepidodendron. Lepidodendron is the generic name of a large and important group of plants which flourished principally in the Carboniferous period. The outer surface of the bark is marked by lozenge-shaped, scale-like markings, the leaf-cushions. These are arranged in dense spirals, which wind around the stems. Often, the narrow and pointed leaves are found, still adherent; they may also carry cones <i>(lepidostrobi)</i>, which in form somewhat resemble those of the fir. The branches usually fork repeatedly, and were implanted on a massive stem which had a similar external sculpture. Some of these stems have been seen in the roofs of coal workings with a length of a hundred feet. Their roots are generally known as stigmaria. The Lepidodendra belonged to the Lycopodiaceæ, and have their nearest representatives in the diminutive club-mosses, which they resemble even in their superficial characters.

Portion of Lepidodendron

This illustration shows a portion of Lepidodendron. Lepidodendron is the generic name of a large and…

Also known as Abies nobilis. Native to the Cascade Range and Coast Range mountains.

Pine Cone of Noble Fir

Also known as Abies nobilis. Native to the Cascade Range and Coast Range mountains.

Also known as Abies amabilis. A species of fir native to the Pacific Northwest of North America.

Pine Cone of Pacific Silver Fir

Also known as Abies amabilis. A species of fir native to the Pacific Northwest of North America.

Picea smithiana is a spruce fir. The tree grows between eighty and one hundred twenty feet tall.

Picea Smithiana

Picea smithiana is a spruce fir. The tree grows between eighty and one hundred twenty feet tall.

Also known as Abies magnifica. Native to the mountains of western North America.

Pine Cone of Red Fir

Also known as Abies magnifica. Native to the mountains of western North America.

Also known as Abies lasiocarpa. A western North American fir.

Pine Cone of Rocky Mountain Fir

Also known as Abies lasiocarpa. A western North American fir.

Also known as Abies magnifica var. shastensis.

Pine Cone of Shasta Red Fir

Also known as Abies magnifica var. shastensis.

Spanish fir is the common name of <I>Abies pinsapo</I>. Illustrated is the verdure from top to base.

Spanish Fir

Spanish fir is the common name of Abies pinsapo. Illustrated is the verdure from top to base.

Also known as Abies concolor. Native to the mountains of western North America.

Pine Cone of White Fir

Also known as Abies concolor. Native to the mountains of western North America.