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"The fire engine is a modification of the forcing pump. It consists of two such pumps, the pistons of which are moved by a lever whith equal arms, the common fulcrum being at C." -Comstock 1850

Fire Engine

"The fire engine is a modification of the forcing pump. It consists of two such pumps, the pistons of…

"The Early French Forcing is the leading variety for hot-bed culture. The plants have but a very small top, run very even in size, and are of good appearance."—Rawson, 1892

French Early Forcing

"The Early French Forcing is the leading variety for hot-bed culture. The plants have but a very small…

Illustrated is a cross section of a greenhouse used for growing lettuce and cucumbers. The slanting side toward the right (north) is boarded and used for forcing rhubarb. The cucumber plants are trained vertically.

Greenhouse for Lettuce and Cucumber

Illustrated is a cross section of a greenhouse used for growing lettuce and cucumbers. The slanting…

"A curious combination of the atmospheric pump and the forcing pump, invented by Mr. Trevethick." -Comstock 1850

Atmospheric and Forcing Pump

"A curious combination of the atmospheric pump and the forcing pump, invented by Mr. Trevethick." -Comstock…

"A double-acting pump of the piston pattern is shown [here]. Such a pump has two sets of suction valves and delivery valves, one set for each side of the piston. With the piston moving in the direction of the arrow, the pressure of the atmosphere forces the water up the suction pipe P into the left-hand end of the pump cylinder, the left-hand suction valve opens and the left-hand delivery valve is closed...The water now flows up the delivery pipe P'." —Hallock 1905

Double-acting Force Pump

"A double-acting pump of the piston pattern is shown [here]. Such a pump has two sets of suction valves…

"The forcing pump is represented where A is a solid piston, working air tight in its barrel. There tube, C leads from the barrel to the air vessel, D. Through the pipe, P, the water is thrown into the open air.G s a gauge, by which the pressure of the water in the air vessel is ascertained Through the water pipe I, the water ascends into the barrel, its upper end being furnished with a valve opening upwards." -Comstock 1850

Forcing Pump

"The forcing pump is represented where A is a solid piston, working air tight in its barrel. There tube,…

"As the piston ascends, as shown in the left-hand figure, the pressure of the atmosphere forces the water up the suction pipe P; the water opens the suction valve V and flows into the pump cylinder. When the piston moves down, as shown in the right-hand figure, the suction valve is closed and the delivery valve V' opened. The water in the pump cylinder is now forced up the delivery pipe P'." —Hallock 1905

Forcing Pump

"As the piston ascends, as shown in the left-hand figure, the pressure of the atmosphere forces the…