ClipArt ETC
This illustration shows how to make chlorine by using hydrochloric acid and permanganate crystals.

Chlorine

This illustration shows how to make chlorine by using hydrochloric acid and permanganate crystals.

"Hydrochloric acid...is placed in the tubes a. The threeway stopcocks b are turned so that there is a passage from c to d and a saturated solution of sodium chloride is drawn from the dishes i into the collecting tubes e until they are filled. The stopcocks are then tunred so that there is a passage from f to d. The current is turned on, and as soon as the hydrochloric acid above the anode is saturated with chlorine, the stopcocks are turned so that the hydrogen and chlorine will pass into the collecting tubes e. When the upper surfaces of the sodium chloride solution are just above the support g, it is inclined, if need be, so as to mark the relative height of the solution in the collecting tubes. the lower support h is then made parallel with g. The solution between g and h is displaced in the same time, showing that equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine are obtained by the electrolysis of hydrochloric acid." -Brownlee 1907

Electrolysis of Hydrochloric Acid

"Hydrochloric acid...is placed in the tubes a. The threeway stopcocks b are turned so that there is…

This illustration shows an apparatus used to handle hydrochloric acid.

Hydrochloric Acid

This illustration shows an apparatus used to handle hydrochloric acid.