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"...let LN represent a glass biconvex lens, with centres of curvature at C and C', and AB, the incident ray." -Avery 1895

Refraction of Light through Bi Convex Lens

"...let LN represent a glass biconvex lens, with centres of curvature at C and C', and AB, the incident…

"The incident rays, a and b, being parallel before they reach the reflectors, are thrown off at unequal angles in respect to each other, for b fallson the mirror more obliquely than a, and consequently is thrown off more obliquely in a contraty direction, therefore, then angles of reflection being equal to those of incidence, the two rays meet at c." -Comstock 1850

Plane Inclined Mirrors

"The incident rays, a and b, being parallel before they reach the reflectors, are thrown off at unequal…

"The apparatus shown is used to prove that incident rays and reflected rays are equal." -Avery 1895

Reflected Light

"The apparatus shown is used to prove that incident rays and reflected rays are equal." -Avery 1895