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"A device for raising liquids or removing gas from a closed vessel." Foster, 1921. The image shows two types of pumps and their mechanisms: Fig. 1; a. barrel, b. piston, c. valve, d. reservoirs. Fig. 2; a. barrel, b. piston, c. valve in barrel, d. valve in stand pipe, e. reservoir, f. air chamber.

Pump

"A device for raising liquids or removing gas from a closed vessel." Foster, 1921. The image shows two…

"A Pump is a machine, engine, or device, consisting of an arrangement of a piston, cylinder, and valves, for raising water or other liquid to a higher level, or for compressing or exhausting air and other gases. There are numerous varieties of pumps differing more or less in construction, according to the purposes for which each is intended, but the most important are the suction pump, the lifting or lift pump, the force pump, and the centrifugal or rotary pump."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Chain Pump

"A Pump is a machine, engine, or device, consisting of an arrangement of a piston, cylinder, and valves,…