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"The Montreuil form of training. The principal feature is the suppression of the direct channel of the sap, and the substitution of for or more commonly two mother branches, so laid to the wall that the central angle contains about 90 degrees. The other branches are all treated as subordinate members. This form is open to the objection that, if the under branch should die, the upper one cannot be brought down into its place." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Montreuil Fan

"The Montreuil form of training. The principal feature is the suppression of the direct channel of the…