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"A vessel formerly used in chemistry for distillation, and usually made of glass or copper."-Whitney, 1902

Alembic

"A vessel formerly used in chemistry for distillation, and usually made of glass or copper."-Whitney,…

"A "still;" and, for condensing the vapor, vats are constructed, holding serpentine pipes or "worms," which present a greater condensing surface than if the pipe has passed directly through the vat." —Wells, 1857

Still

"A "still;" and, for condensing the vapor, vats are constructed, holding serpentine pipes or "worms,"…

"Impure water is vaporized in the boiler, A. It travels to the vat and down pipe R where it condenses and distilled water finally collects at the bottom. Cold water enters the vat at P and warm water at the top escapes at Q." —Quackenbos 1859

Still

"Impure water is vaporized in the boiler, A. It travels to the vat and down pipe R where it condenses…

"Painting of still life. On a wall of a house at Pompeii." —D'Anvers, 1895

Still Life Painting from Pompeii

"Painting of still life. On a wall of a house at Pompeii." —D'Anvers, 1895

A still is an apparatus that boils a mixed liquid and then cools, condensing the vapor.Stills are used to make perfumes and medicines.

Chemical Still

A still is an apparatus that boils a mixed liquid and then cools, condensing the vapor.Stills are used…

A still is a permanent apparatus used to distill miscible liquid mixtures by heating to selectively boil and then cooling to condense the vapor.

Rounded Handle Design Still

A still is a permanent apparatus used to distill miscible liquid mixtures by heating to selectively…

Another style of still. This picture shows what the interior of a still looks like lends greater insight as to how the still operates.

Steam Jacketed Still

Another style of still. This picture shows what the interior of a still looks like lends greater insight…

"Figure 5 shows a form of the apparatus for separating a liquid from another of different boiling point, such as alcohol and water. The mixture is poured into retort B, and then heated to about 90 degrees C, which is above the boiling point of alcohol but below that of water. The vaporized alcohol escapes through A to the worm D. This is a simple helical coil of pipe surrounded by cold water, and serving to condense the vapor, which runs out as a liquid at the bottom. The cooling water is constantly changed by the supplying fresh cold water at the bottom and drawing off the heated water from the top." Louis Derr, 1911

A Still Showing the Separation of a Liquid from a Solid

"Figure 5 shows a form of the apparatus for separating a liquid from another of different boiling point,…