ClipArt ETC
Henry Hudon's vessel the <em>Halve Maen</em> or Half Moon in the Hudson River when it was first discovered.

The Half Moon in the Hudson

Henry Hudon's vessel the Halve Maen or Half Moon in the Hudson River when it was first discovered.

In 1562, Ribault was chosen to lead an expedition to the New World to establish a haven for the Huguenots. With a fleet of 150 colonists he crossed the Atlantic Ocean and explored the mouth of the St. Johns River in modern-day Jacksonville, Florida.

The Huguenots - Landing of John Ribault

In 1562, Ribault was chosen to lead an expedition to the New World to establish a haven for the Huguenots.…

The Indians (Native Americans) decorating Jean Ribault's Pillar.

Ribault's Pillar

The Indians (Native Americans) decorating Jean Ribault's Pillar.

A collection of rocks inscribed by Aztecs.

Aztec Rock Inscription

A collection of rocks inscribed by Aztecs.

In 1911, there were many Indian Industrial Schools. Picture here are some Indian apprentices making harness.

Indian Apprentices Making Harness

In 1911, there were many Indian Industrial Schools. Picture here are some Indian apprentices making…

Scene of a group of Native Americans on a reservation.

Scene on an Indian Reservation

Scene of a group of Native Americans on a reservation.

A collection of Native American war clubs, weapons used for war.

Indian War Clubs

A collection of Native American war clubs, weapons used for war.

A collection of Native American arrowheads used for making weapons.

Indian Arrowheads

A collection of Native American arrowheads used for making weapons.

A Native American pappoose, or child carrier, and cradle.

Indian Pappoose and Cradle

A Native American pappoose, or child carrier, and cradle.

Atotarho is a historical figure for whom there is almost no historical record. Oral tradition stories hold that Atotarho was a brutal, evil sorcerer. These stories relate that Atotarho had snakes growing out of his head and that he was a cannibal.

Atatarho

Atotarho is a historical figure for whom there is almost no historical record. Oral tradition stories…

A drawing of a brutal attack on an Iroquois fort.

Attack on an Iroquois Fort

A drawing of a brutal attack on an Iroquois fort.

Henry Hudson's ship "Half Moon" on the Hudson River in New York.

Half Moon

Henry Hudson's ship "Half Moon" on the Hudson River in New York.

The totem or emblem of the Sioux, a Native American tribe has a squirrel on top of a nut.

Sioux Totem

The totem or emblem of the Sioux, a Native American tribe has a squirrel on top of a nut.

The totem or emblem of the Huron, a Native American tribe has a beaver on top of a log in the water.

Huron Totem

The totem or emblem of the Huron, a Native American tribe has a beaver on top of a log in the water.

"School-house where Thomas Jefferson received his early education." -Gordy, 1916

Schoolhouse

"School-house where Thomas Jefferson received his early education." -Gordy, 1916

A drawing of a Jesuit missionary preaching to Native Americans.

A Jesuit Missionary Preaching to the Indians

A drawing of a Jesuit missionary preaching to Native Americans.

Tecumseh (March 1768 &ndash; October 5, 1813), also Tecumtha or Tekamthi, was a famous Native American leader of the Shawnee. He spent much of his life attempting to rally various Indian tribes in a mutual defense of their lands, which eventually led to his death in the War of 1812.

Tecumseh

Tecumseh (March 1768 – October 5, 1813), also Tecumtha or Tekamthi, was a famous Native American…

Chattanooga, "the Scenic City", is the fourth-largest city in Tennessee (after Memphis, Nashville, and Knoxville), and the seat of Hamilton County, in the United States of America. It is located in southeast Tennessee on Chickamauga and Nickajack Lake, which are both part of the Tennessee River. The city, which lies at the transition between the ridge-and-valley portion of the Appalachian Mountains and the Cumberland Plateau, is surrounded by mountains and ridges. The first inhabitants of the Chattanooga area were Native American Indians with sites dating back to the Upper Paleolithic period, showing continuous occupation through the Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian (900–1650 AD), Muskogean and Cherokee (1776 – 1838 AD) periods.

Chattanooga, Tennessee in 1862

Chattanooga, "the Scenic City", is the fourth-largest city in Tennessee (after Memphis, Nashville, and…

The Battle of the Thames, also known as the Battle of Moraviantown, was a decisive American victory in the War of 1812. It took place on October 5, 1813, near present-day Chatham, Ontario in Upper Canada. It resulted in the death of the Shawnee chief Tecumseh, and the destruction of the Native American coalition that he led. The American victory led to the re-establishment of American control over the Northwest frontier

Appearance of the Thames Battle Ground in 1860

The Battle of the Thames, also known as the Battle of Moraviantown, was a decisive American victory…

The Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), also known as the Colorado beetle, ten-striped spearman, the ten-lined potato beetle) is an important pest of potato crops. It is approximately 10 mm (0.4 inches) long, with a bright yellow/orange body and 5 bold brown stripes along the length of each of its elytra, and it can easily be confused with its close cousin and look-alike, the false potato beetle. The beetle was described in 1824 by Thomas Say from specimens collected in the Rocky Mountains on buffalo-bur, Solanum rostratum. The origin of the beetle is somewhat unclear, but it seems to be that Colorado and Mexico are a part of its native distribution in the southwestern North America

Colorado Potato Beetle

The Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), also known as the Colorado beetle, ten-striped…

The <em>Serapis</em> was a British frigate that was captured by the Americans during the American Revolutionary War.

Fight on the Deck of the Serapis

The Serapis was a British frigate that was captured by the Americans during the American Revolutionary…

The hessian fly or barley midge, Mayetiola destructor, is a species of fly that is a significant pest of cereal crops including wheat, barley and rye. Though a native of Asia it was transported into Europe and later into North America, supposedly in the straw bedding of Hessian troops during the American Revolution (1775&ndash;83). There are usually two generations a year but may be up to five. In the spring the dark-coloured female lays about 250 to 300 reddish eggs on plants, usually where the stems are covered by leaves; the larvae feed on the sap and weaken the plants so that they cannot bear grain.

Hessian Fly

The hessian fly or barley midge, Mayetiola destructor, is a species of fly that is a significant pest…

The Blue Jay (Cyanocitta cristata) is a passerine bird, and a member of the family Corvidae native to North America. It belongs to the "blue" or American jays, which are, among the Corvidae, not closely related to other jays. It is adaptable, aggressive and omnivorous, and has been colonizing new habitat for many decades

Blue Jay

The Blue Jay (Cyanocitta cristata) is a passerine bird, and a member of the family Corvidae native to…

Rev. Samuel Kirkland (1741 &ndash; 1808) was a Presbyterian missionary among the Oneida and Tuscarora people in North America.

Samuel Kirkland

Rev. Samuel Kirkland (1741 – 1808) was a Presbyterian missionary among the Oneida and Tuscarora…

The genus Sayornis is a small group of medium-sized insect-eating birds in the Tyrant flycatcher family Tyrranidae native to North and South America.

Phoebe

The genus Sayornis is a small group of medium-sized insect-eating birds in the Tyrant flycatcher family…

Uncas (c. 1588 &ndash; c. 1683) was a sachem of the Mohegan who through his alliance with the English colonists against other Indian tribes made the Mohegans the leading regional Indian tribe.

Uncas

Uncas (c. 1588 – c. 1683) was a sachem of the Mohegan who through his alliance with the English…

The Northern Flicker (Colaptes auratus) is a medium-sized member of the woodpecker family. It is native to most of North America, parts of Central America, Cuba, the Cayman Islands, is one of the few woodpecker species that migrates, and is the only woodpecker that commonly feeds on the ground. There are over 100 common names for the Northern Flicker. Among them are: Clape, gaffer woodpecker, harry-wicket, heigh-ho, wake-up, walk-up, wick-up, yarrup, and gawker bird. Many of these names are attempts at imitating some of its calls.

Northern Flicker

The Northern Flicker (Colaptes auratus) is a medium-sized member of the woodpecker family. It is native…

The Indigobirds and whydahs, are small passerine birds native to Africa. Some species are also known as widowbirds. These are finch-like species which usually have black or indigo predominating in their plumage. The birds named as "whydahs" have long or very long tails.

Indigobird (Male)

The Indigobirds and whydahs, are small passerine birds native to Africa. Some species are also known…

The Indigobirds and whydahs, are small passerine birds native to Africa. Some species are also known as widowbirds. These are finch-like species which usually have black or indigo predominating in their plumage. The birds named as "whydahs" have long or very long tails.

Indigobird (Female)

The Indigobirds and whydahs, are small passerine birds native to Africa. Some species are also known…

The Tree Sparrow, Passer montanus, breeds over most of Europe and Siberia, and allied forms occur in other parts of Asia. It has been introduced to Australia, and the United States (where it is known as the Eurasian Tree Sparrow or German Sparrow to differentiate it from the native, unrelated American Tree Sparrow), where German immigrants introduced it to the area around St. Louis in the 1870s. From there, it has slowly expanded its range into Illinois and Missouri. Changes in farming methods have meant that this species is declining in some parts of western Europe.

Tree Sparrow

The Tree Sparrow, Passer montanus, breeds over most of Europe and Siberia, and allied forms occur in…

The Utes are an ethnically related group of American Indians now living primarily in Utah and Colorado. There are three Ute tribal reservations: Uintah-Ouray in northeastern Utah (3,500 members); Southern Ute in Colorado (1,500 members); and Ute Mountain which primarily lies in Colorado, but extends to Utah and New Mexico (2,000 members). The name of the state of Utah was derived from the name Ute.

Ute Indians

The Utes are an ethnically related group of American Indians now living primarily in Utah and Colorado.…

The Northern Bobwhite, Virginia Quail or (in its home range) Bobwhite Quail (Colinus virginianus) is a ground-dwelling bird native to North America and northern Central America and the Caribbean. It is a member of the group of species known as New World quails (Odontophoridae). They were initially placed with the Old World quails in the pheasant family (Phasianidae), but are not particularly closely related. The name "bobwhite" derives from its characteristic whistling call.

Northern Bobwhite

The Northern Bobwhite, Virginia Quail or (in its home range) Bobwhite Quail (Colinus virginianus) is…

The Northern Bobwhite, Virginia Quail or (in its home range) Bobwhite Quail (Colinus virginianus) is a ground-dwelling bird native to North America and northern Central America and the Caribbean. It is a member of the group of species known as New World quails (Odontophoridae). They were initially placed with the Old World quails in the pheasant family (Phasianidae), but are not particularly closely related. The name "bobwhite" derives from its characteristic whistling call.

Northern Bobwhite

The Northern Bobwhite, Virginia Quail or (in its home range) Bobwhite Quail (Colinus virginianus) is…

The Northern Bobwhite, Virginia Quail or (in its home range) Bobwhite Quail (Colinus virginianus) is a ground-dwelling bird native to North America and northern Central America and the Caribbean. It is a member of the group of species known as New World quails (Odontophoridae). They were initially placed with the Old World quails in the pheasant family (Phasianidae), but are not particularly closely related. The name "bobwhite" derives from its characteristic whistling call.

Northern Bobwhite

The Northern Bobwhite, Virginia Quail or (in its home range) Bobwhite Quail (Colinus virginianus) is…

The Common Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), is a bird in the pheasant family (Phasianidae). It is native to Asia but has been widely introduced elsewhere as a game bird. In parts of its range, namely in places where none of its relatives occur such as in Europe (where it is naturalized), it is simply known as "the pheasant". It is a well-known gamebird, among those of more than regional importance perhaps the most widespread and ancient one in the whole world.

Common Pheasant

The Common Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), is a bird in the pheasant family (Phasianidae). It is native…

The Fall Army Worm (Spodoptera frugipeda) is part of the order of Lepidoptera and are the caterpillar life stage of a moth. They are native to tropical regions of the western hemisphere, from the United States to Argentina. They are regarded as pests and are known to wreak havoc with crops if left to multiply. Their name is derived from their feeding habits. The army worms are some of the most destructive pests to agricultural crop in the world. Once the food supply is exhausted the entire "army" of worms will move to the next available food source.

Army Worm

The Fall Army Worm (Spodoptera frugipeda) is part of the order of Lepidoptera and are the caterpillar…

The Blue Jay (Cyanocitta cristata) is a passerine bird, and a member of the family Corvidae native to North America. It belongs to the "blue" or American jays, which are, among the Corvidae, not closely related to other jays. It is adaptable, aggressive and omnivorous, and has been colonizing new habitat for many decades.

Blue Jay

The Blue Jay (Cyanocitta cristata) is a passerine bird, and a member of the family Corvidae native to…

Berberis (B&eacute;r-be-ris, barberry, pepperidge bush) a genus of about 450-500 species of deciduous and evergreen shrubs from 1-5 m tall with thorny shoots, native to the temperate and subtropical regions of Europe, Asia, Africa, North America and South America. They are closely related to the genus Mahonia, which is included within Berberis by some botanists.

Barberry

Berberis (Bér-be-ris, barberry, pepperidge bush) a genus of about 450-500 species of deciduous…

The tupelos, or pepperidge tree, genus Nyssa, are a small genus of about 9 to 11 species of trees with alternate, simple leaves. Most are highly tolerant of wet soils and flooding, some needing to grow in such environments. Five of the species are native to eastern North America from the extreme south of Canada south to eastern Mexico; the others to east and south Asia from China south to Malaysia and west to the Himalaya. A related genus, Davidia, the Dove tree, occurs in China.

Tupelp

The tupelos, or pepperidge tree, genus Nyssa, are a small genus of about 9 to 11 species of trees with…

Smilax is a genus of about 300-350 species, found in the tropics and subtropics worldwide. In China for example about 80 are found (39 of which are endemic), while there are 20 in North America north of Mexico[1]. They are climbing flowering plants, many of which are woody and/or thorny, in the monocotyledon family Smilacaceae, native throughout the tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. Common names include catbriers, greenbriers, prickly-ivys and smilaxes. "Sarsaparilla" (also zarzaparrilla, sarsparilla) is a name used specifically for the Jamaican S. regelii as well as a catch-all term in particular for American species. Occasionally, the non-woody species such as the Smooth Herbaceous Greenbrier (S. herbacea) are separated as genus Nemexia; they are commonly known by the rather ambiguous name "carrion flowers"

Smilax

Smilax is a genus of about 300-350 species, found in the tropics and subtropics worldwide. In China…

Amelanchier, also known as shadbush, serviceberry, sarvisberry, juneberry, Saskatoon, shadblow, shadwood, sugarplum, and wild-plum, is a genus of about 20 species of shrubs and small deciduous trees in the Rosaceae (Rose family). The genus is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, growing primarily in early successional habitats. It is most diverse taxonomically in North America, especially in the northern United States and southern Canada, and is native to every state of the United States except Hawaii. Two species also occur in Asia, and one in Europe. These plants are valued horticulturally, and their fruits are important to wildlife.

Amelanchier

Amelanchier, also known as shadbush, serviceberry, sarvisberry, juneberry, Saskatoon, shadblow, shadwood,…

Juniperus virginiana (Eastern Redcedar, Red Cedar, Eastern Juniper, Red Juniper, Pencil Cedar) is a species of juniper native to eastern North America, from southeastern Canada to the Gulf of Mexico, east of the Great Plains. Further west, it is replaced by the related Juniperus scopulorum (Rocky Mountain Juniper), and to the southwest, by Juniperus ashei (Ashe Juniper). The Lakota Native American name is Chansha, "redwood" or Hante'. In its native range, it is commonly called "cedar" or "red cedar", names rejected by the American Joint Committee on Horticultural Nomenclature as it is a juniper, not a true cedar

Eastern Juniper

Juniperus virginiana (Eastern Redcedar, Red Cedar, Eastern Juniper, Red Juniper, Pencil Cedar) is a…

An illustration of a Phoebe's nest in a box. The genus Sayornis is a small group of medium-sized insect-eating birds in the Tyrant flycatcher family Tyrranidae native to North and South America. They prefer semi-open or open areas. These birds wait on a perch and then catch insects in flight, also sometimes picking them up from the ground. Their nest is an open cup sometimes placed on man-made structures. They often slowly lower and raise their tails while perched.

Phoebe's Nest

An illustration of a Phoebe's nest in a box. The genus Sayornis is a small group of medium-sized insect-eating…

The anoa or sapiutan is a bovine native to Indonesia.

Anoa

The anoa or sapiutan is a bovine native to Indonesia.

A species of hummingbird, the Red-Tailed Comet (Sappho sparganura) is native to South America.

Red-Tailed Comet

A species of hummingbird, the Red-Tailed Comet (Sappho sparganura) is native to South America.

The Tasmanian Devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) is a carnivorous marsupial native to Tasmania, Australia.

Tasmanian Devil

The Tasmanian Devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) is a carnivorous marsupial native to Tasmania, Australia.

The sasin or blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) is a species of antelope native to India.

Blackbuck

The sasin or blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) is a species of antelope native to India.

The sassaby or topi is an antelope species native to Africa.

Sassaby

The sassaby or topi is an antelope species native to Africa.

Anoa are a subgenus of buffalo comprising two species native to Indonesia: the Mountain Anoa (Bubalus quarlesi) and the Lowland Anoa (Bubalus depressicornis). Both live in undisturbed forest, and are essentially miniature water buffalo, are similar in appearance to a deer, weighing 150&ndash;300 kg (330&ndash;660 lb). They live in deep rainforests.

Anoa

Anoa are a subgenus of buffalo comprising two species native to Indonesia: the Mountain Anoa (Bubalus…

The guanaco (Lama guanicoe) is a camelid animal native to South America that stands between 107 and 122 centimeters (3.5 and 4 feet) at the shoulder and weighs about 90 kg (200 lb). The colour varies very little, ranging from a light brown to dark cinnamon and shading to white underneath. Guanacos have grey faces and small straight ears. They are extremely striking with their large, alert brown eyes, streamlined form, and energetic pace. They are particularly ideal for keeping in large groups in open parklands.

Guanaco

The guanaco (Lama guanicoe) is a camelid animal native to South America that stands between 107 and…

The Dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) is a large even-toed ungulate. It is often referred to as the one-humped camel, Arabian camel, or simply as the "dromedary". Its native range is unclear, but it was probably the Arabian Peninsula. The domesticated form occurs widely in northern Africa and the Middle East; the world's only population of dromedaries exhibiting wild behaviour is an introduced feral population in Australia. The dromedary camel is arguably the best-known member of the camel family. Other members of the camel family include the llama and the alpaca in South America. The Dromedary has one hump on its back, in contrast to the Bactrian camel which has two. A good mnemonic for remembering which way around these terms apply is this: "Bactrian" begins with "B", and "Dromedary" begins with "D"; "B" on its side has two humps, whilst "D" on its side has only one hump.

Dromedary

The Dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) is a large even-toed ungulate. It is often referred to as…

The Bactrian Camel (Camelus bactrianus) is a large even-toed ungulate native to the steppes of north eastern Asia. It is one of the two surviving species of camel. The Bactrian Camel has two humps on its back, in contrast to the single-humped Dromedary Camel. Nearly all of the estimated 1.4 million Bactrian Camels alive today are domesticated, but in October 2002 the estimated 950 remaining in the wild in northwest China and Mongolia were placed on the critically endangered species list.

Bactrian Camel

The Bactrian Camel (Camelus bactrianus) is a large even-toed ungulate native to the steppes of north…

Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum, syn. Eugenia aromaticum or Eugenia caryophyllata) are the aromatic dried flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae. Cloves are native to Indonesia and used as a spice in cuisine all over the world. The name derives from French clou, a nail, as the buds vaguely resemble small irregular nails in shape. Cloves are harvested primarily in Indonesia, Madagascar, and Zanzibar, ; it is also grown in India called Lavang , Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. The clove tree is an evergreen which grows to a height ranging from 10-20 m, having large oval leaves and crimson flowers in numerous groups of terminal clusters. The flower buds are at first of a pale color and gradually become green, after which they develop into a bright red, when they are ready for collecting. Cloves are harvested when 1.5-2 cm long, and consist of a long calyx, terminating in four spreading sepals, and four unopened petals which form a small ball in the centre.

Clove Plant and Seed

Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum, syn. Eugenia aromaticum or Eugenia caryophyllata) are the aromatic dried…

Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays a significant role in traditional Andean culture. Coca leaves contain cocaine alkaloids, a basis for the drug cocaine, which is a powerful stimulant. Coca should not be confused with the similarly named South American cocoa bean from which chocolate is made. The plant resembles a blackthorn bush, and grows to a height of 2&ndash;3 m (7&ndash;10 ft). The branches are straight, and the leaves, which have a green tint, are thin, opaque, oval, and taper at the extremities. A marked characteristic of the leaf is an areolated portion bounded by two longitudinal curved lines, one line on each side of the midrib, and more conspicuous on the under face of the leaf. The flowers are small, and disposed in little clusters on short stalks; the corolla is composed of five yellowish-white petals, the anthers are heart-shaped, and the pistil consists of three carpels united to form a three-chambered ovary. The flowers mature into red berries.

Coca Flower

Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays…

Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays a significant role in traditional Andean culture. Coca leaves contain cocaine alkaloids, a basis for the drug cocaine, which is a powerful stimulant. The flowers mature into red berries.

Coca Fruit

Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays…

During this early period Virginia's population grew with the introduction of settlers and servants into the burgeoning plantation economy. Land from the Native Americans was appropriated by force and treaty, including the Treaty of 1677, which made the signatory tribes tributary states. In 1619 the House of Burgesses was established as the colony's elected governance, and African servants were first introduced, with slavery being codified in 1661.

Early Settlers

During this early period Virginia's population grew with the introduction of settlers and servants into…

The spotted scat (Scatophagus argus) is a small fish native to the western Pacific Ocean.

Spotted Scat

The spotted scat (Scatophagus argus) is a small fish native to the western Pacific Ocean.

An illustration of a ripe cotton capsule after dehiscence. Dehiscence is the spontaneous opening at maturity of a plant structure, such as a fruit, anther, or sporangium, to release its contents. Cotton is a soft, staple fiber that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant (Gossypium sp.), a shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, including the Americas, India and Africa.

Cotton

An illustration of a ripe cotton capsule after dehiscence. Dehiscence is the spontaneous opening at…

An illustration of a cotton seed. Cotton is a soft, staple fiber that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant (Gossypium sp.), a shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, including the Americas, India and Africa.

Cotton Seed

An illustration of a cotton seed. Cotton is a soft, staple fiber that grows around the seeds of the…

An illustration of a cotton plant. Cotton is a soft, staple fiber that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant (Gossypium sp.), a shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, including the Americas, India and Africa.

Cotton Plant

An illustration of a cotton plant. Cotton is a soft, staple fiber that grows around the seeds of the…