"A, side view of American club-skate; B, bottom of the skate with the runner removed. a, runner; b, heel-plate; c, sole-plate; d, riveting by which the runner is attached to the heel- and sole-plates; e, e, clamps which grasp the sole when they are drawn rearward by the action of the curved slots f upon pins fixed firmly in the sole plate. Both these clamps are pivoted at their rear extremities to a bar g, connected by a winged adjusting screw h, to a collar i, which is pivoted to the heel-clamp j; k, spur which engages the front part of the heel when the heel-clamp is drawn foward; l, toggle-lever, by which the sole-clamps are drawn rear-ward and the heel-clamp forward simultaneously. In B this lever is shown turned out; to clamp the skate to the shoe, it is pressed inward under the sole out of sight." —Whitney, 1889

American Club Ice Skate - View from Side and Bottom

"A, side view of American club-skate; B, bottom of the skate with the runner removed. a, runner; b,…

"A contrivance for enabling a person to glide  swiftly on ice, consisting of a steel runner fixed either to a wooden sole provided with straps and buckles, or to a light iron or steel framework having adjustable clamps or other means of attachment to a shoe or boot. C is a roller skate in which a plate with rollers replaces the runner." —
Whitney, 1889

Roller Skate - Side View

"A contrivance for enabling a person to glide swiftly on ice, consisting of a steel runner fixed either…

"A wooden runner, of tough wood, from five to ten feet long, an or an inch and a half thick at the middle, but thinner toward the ends, an inch wider than the shoe of the user, and turned up in a curve at the front." —Whitney, 1889

Ski - Side and Bottom View

"A wooden runner, of tough wood, from five to ten feet long, an or an inch and a half thick at the middle,…

Illustration of a knight, riding a horse at full gallop, carrying a javelin and wearing full armor. A woman's sleeve streams from his left shoulder. He wears the sleeve as a favor from the woman. The illustration is from Viollet-le-Duc's "Dictionary du Mobilier francais.,

A Knight on Horseback, Wearing a Woman's Sleeve as a Favor

Illustration of a knight, riding a horse at full gallop, carrying a javelin and wearing full armor.…

"A vehicle, mounted on runners, for transporting persons on the snow or ice; sled. a, runners; b, shoes; c, shafts or thills; d, braces; e, body; f, cushioned seat; g, dashboard; h, raves." —Whitney, 1889

A Single-Horse Sleigh or Cutter

"A vehicle, mounted on runners, for transporting persons on the snow or ice; sled. a, runners; b, shoes;…

"A contrivance attached to the foot to enable the wearer to walk on deep snow without sinking to the extent of being disabled...The Canadian is a contracted oval in front and pointed behind, and is from 3 to 5 feet long and from 1 to 2 feet wide, the foot being fastened on the widest part of the shoe by means of thongs and so as to leave the heel free. It has a light rim of tough wood, on which is woven from side to side a web of rawhide." —Whitney, 1889

Canadian Snow Shoe

"A contrivance attached to the foot to enable the wearer to walk on deep snow without sinking to the…

"...hobbled or fettered to a clog; said of a horse. When the bearing is properly depicted, a fore and a hind leg should have each a fetter-lock above the foot and fastened to the one end of a heavy clog." —Whitney, 1889
<p>Illustration of a shield with a depiction of a spancelled (spanceled) horse.

Spancelling of a Horse

"...hobbled or fettered to a clog; said of a horse. When the bearing is properly depicted, a fore and…

"But a certain Samaritan, as he journeyed, came where he was: and when he saw him, he was moved with compassion, and came to him, and bound up his wounds, pouring on them oil and wine; and he set him on his own beast, and brought him to an inn, and took care of him." Luke 10:33-34 ASV
<p>Illustration of a Samaritan kneeling next to an injured man and wrapping his injured arm with a cloth. The man leans against a tree, barely covered by a piece of cloth. An open box sits on the ground. A saddled horse stands nearby.

The Good Samaritan Binds the Wounds of an Injured Man

"But a certain Samaritan, as he journeyed, came where he was: and when he saw him, he was moved with…

"And as he journeyed, it came to pass that he drew nigh unto Damascus: and suddenly there shone round about him a light out of heaven: and he fell upon the earth, and heard a voice saying unto him, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?" Acts 9:3-4 ASV
<p>Illustration of Saul falling off his horse as a bright light descends from heaven. The horse is rearing on its hind legs and Saul is throwing his hands up as he falls backwards. He is dressed in a soldier's uniform. Several other soldiers stand behind him. The road to Damascus can be seen stretching into the distance.

Saul's Conversion on the Road to Damascus

"And as he journeyed, it came to pass that he drew nigh unto Damascus: and suddenly there shone round…