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"The reign of Louis the Fourteenth has been termed the Augustan age of France. This monarch had none of the commanding qualities which create a nation or an era, and he would not have been distinguished from common princes in common circumstances. Destitute himself of the true sentiment of greatness, he yet became, fortuitously, the instrument of great deeds, and his reign will always be a memorable period in history." — Goodrich, 1844

Louis XIV in his chambers

"The reign of Louis the Fourteenth has been termed the Augustan age of France. This monarch had none…

"The chivalry of the gothic nations began in the woods of Germany. No youth was then permitted to assume arms, at that time the geat privilege of the noble and the free, at his own pleasure. It was made a social rank, to which it was necessary that the aspiring candidates should be elected in the public councils of their rude commonwealth; and the emulated distinction was then solemnly conferred by the prince, or a kinsman, giving them a javelin and a shield. In these customs we see the origin of knighthood." — Goodrich, 1844

Chivalry and knight-errantry

"The chivalry of the gothic nations began in the woods of Germany. No youth was then permitted to assume…

A machine used for striking and stamping coins.

Coin Press

A machine used for striking and stamping coins.

A bee of the colletes genus that usually live in the ground.

Bee

A bee of the colletes genus that usually live in the ground.

"A dustless brush. The back of the brush is hollow and is filled with kerosene, which slowly trickles down and keeps the bristles moist while the sweeping is being done." — Ritchie, 1918

Dustless brush

"A dustless brush. The back of the brush is hollow and is filled with kerosene, which slowly trickles…

"The brain seen from the side, showing the three principal divisions." — Ritchie, 1918

Side view of the brain

"The brain seen from the side, showing the three principal divisions." — Ritchie, 1918

"The cerebrum seen from above, showing the hemispheres." — Ritchie, 1918

Top View of the Cerebrum

"The cerebrum seen from above, showing the hemispheres." — Ritchie, 1918

"The eye is moved about by six muscles. The back ends of these muscles are attached to the eye sockets. The front ends are attached to the ball of the eye." — Ritchie, 1918

Muscles of the Eyes

"The eye is moved about by six muscles. The back ends of these muscles are attached to the eye sockets.…

A figure on horseback.

Horseback rider

A figure on horseback.

"When a new bird is seen, the observer should write an accurate description of it in his notebook, giving the length from the tip of the bill to the end of the tail; the color of the crown and sides of the head, back, wings, tail, breast, and belly; length, shape, and color of the bill; length, position and arrangement of the tail feathers; and the method of feeding and manner of flight as well as its characteristic song." — Davison, 1906

Labeled bird

"When a new bird is seen, the observer should write an accurate description of it in his notebook, giving…

The back of a roman coin.

Roman Coin

The back of a roman coin.

A woman spinning.

Spinning

A woman spinning.

"Bring the two ends of the wire into contact, and thus close the circuit. The needle instantly flies around as though it was trying to place itself at right angles to the wire. Break the circuit, and the needle swings back to its north and south position. Twist the wires together, and bend the conductor into a loop so that the current passes above the needle in one direction and beneath the needle in the other direction. The deflection of the needle will be greater than before." — Avery, 1895

Needle, compass

"Bring the two ends of the wire into contact, and thus close the circuit. The needle instantly flies…

"The transmitter is a microphone adapted for the transmission of telephone messages and, in general practice, is so used, better results being thus secured than is possible when the transmitter and receiver are identical. In the Blake transmitter, a diagram is supported back of a mouthpiece, as in the Bell telephone."

Blake transmitter

"The transmitter is a microphone adapted for the transmission of telephone messages and, in general…

An Egyptian King's Head.

King's Head

An Egyptian King's Head.

A Roman coin.

Roman coin

A Roman coin.

An ancient British coin.

British coin

An ancient British coin.

An ancient British coin.

British coin

An ancient British coin.

"Coin of Ethelbert" — Lardner, 1885

Coin of Ethelbert

"Coin of Ethelbert" — Lardner, 1885

"Alfred the Great." — Lardner, 1885

Alfred the Great

"Alfred the Great." — Lardner, 1885

"Canute." — Lardner, 1885

Canute

"Canute." — Lardner, 1885

"William I." — Lardner, 1885

William I

"William I." — Lardner, 1885

"William II" — Lardner, 1885

William II

"William II" — Lardner, 1885

"Henry I." — Lardner, 1885

Henry I

"Henry I." — Lardner, 1885

Ivan IV Vasilyevich (1530 – 1584), commonly known as Ivan the Terrible , was the Grand Prince of Moscow from 1533 to 1547 and Tsar of All the Russias from 1547 until his death.

Ivan IV

Ivan IV Vasilyevich (1530 – 1584), commonly known as Ivan the Terrible , was the Grand Prince of Moscow…

"Michael Romanoff." — Lardner, 1885

Michael Romanoff

"Michael Romanoff." — Lardner, 1885

Stephen I, the last Norman king of England.

Stephen

Stephen I, the last Norman king of England.

Henry II of England.

Henry II

Henry II of England.

Richard I of England.

Richard I

Richard I of England.

John of England.

John of England

John of England.

Henry III of England.

Henry III

Henry III of England.

Edward I of England.

Edward I

Edward I of England.

Edward III of England.

Edward III

Edward III of England.

Richard II

Richard II

Richard II

Henry IV

Henry IV

Henry IV

Henry V.

Henry V

Henry V.

Henry VI

Henry VI

Henry VI

"Coin of Edward IV." — Lardner, 1885

Coin of Edward IV

"Coin of Edward IV." — Lardner, 1885

"Coin of Richard III." — Lardner, 1885

Coin of Richard III

"Coin of Richard III." — Lardner, 1885

"Coin of Henry VII." — Lardner, 1885

Coin of Henry VII

"Coin of Henry VII." — Lardner, 1885

"Coin of Henry VIII" — Lardner, 1885

Coin of Henry VIII

"Coin of Henry VIII" — Lardner, 1885

"Coin of Edward VI." — Lardner, 1885

Coin of Edward VI

"Coin of Edward VI." — Lardner, 1885

"Coin of Phillip and Mary." — Lardner, 1885

Coin of Phillip and Mary

"Coin of Phillip and Mary." — Lardner, 1885

"Coin of Charles II." — Lardner, 1885

Charles II

"Coin of Charles II." — Lardner, 1885

"Coin of James II." — Lardner, 1885

Coin of James II

"Coin of James II." — Lardner, 1885

"Coin of Anne." — Lardner, 1885

Coin of Anne

"Coin of Anne." — Lardner, 1885

"Coin of George I." — Lardner, 1885

Coin of George I

"Coin of George I." — Lardner, 1885

"Coin of George II." — Lardner, 1885

Coin of George II

"Coin of George II." — Lardner, 1885

"Coin of George III." — Lardner, 1885

George III

"Coin of George III." — Lardner, 1885

"Coin of George IV." — Lardner, 1885

George IV

"Coin of George IV." — Lardner, 1885

"Coin of William IV." — Lardner, 1885

William IV

"Coin of William IV." — Lardner, 1885

"Coin of Victoria." — Lardner, 1885

Coin of Victoria

"Coin of Victoria." — Lardner, 1885

"James II." — Lardner, 1885

James II

"James II." — Lardner, 1885

"William and Mary." — Lardner, 1885

William and Mary

"William and Mary." — Lardner, 1885

"View of Siege Works." — Greenough, 1899

Siege Works

"View of Siege Works." — Greenough, 1899

"George I." — Lardner, 1885

George I, King of England

"George I." — Lardner, 1885

"George II." — Lardner, 1885

George II, King of England

"George II." — Lardner, 1885

"George III." — Lardner, 1885

George III, King of England

"George III." — Lardner, 1885

Who made thee King?

King

Who made thee King?

"The upright centre beam of a compound girder." — Williams, 1889

King-post

"The upright centre beam of a compound girder." — Williams, 1889