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"Hercules descended into Hades, accompanied by Mercury and Minerva. He obtained permission from Pluto to carry Cerberus to the upper air provided he could do it without the use of weapons; and in spite of the monster's struggling, he seized him, held him fast, and carried him to Eurystheus, and afterward brought him back again." —Bulfinch, 1897

Hercules and Cerberus

"Hercules descended into Hades, accompanied by Mercury and Minerva. He obtained permission from Pluto…

"The Athenians were at that time in deep affiction on account of the tribute which they were forced to pay to Minos, king of Crete. This tribute consisted of seven youths and seven maidens, who were sent every year to be devoured by the Minotaur." —Bulfinch, 1897

Theseus and the minotaur

"The Athenians were at that time in deep affiction on account of the tribute which they were forced…

"The Athenians were at that time in deep affiction on account of the tribute which they were forced to pay to Minos, king of Crete. This tribute consisted of seven youths and seven maidens, who were sent every year to be devoured by the Minotaur." —Bulfinch, 1897

Theseus and the minotaur

"The Athenians were at that time in deep affiction on account of the tribute which they were forced…

"The Druidical system was at the height of at the time of the Roman invasion uner Julius Caesar. Against the Druids, as their chief enemies, these conquerors of the world directed their unsparing fury. The Druids, harassed at all points on the mainland, retreated to Anglesey and ona, where for a season they found shelter and continued their now dishonoured rites." —Bulfinch, 1897

Druids

"The Druidical system was at the height of at the time of the Roman invasion uner Julius Caesar. Against…

"A block out of the skin. a, dead part and d live part of the epidermis; e, sweat glands; n, nerve endings." —Davison, 1910

Section of skin

"A block out of the skin. a, dead part and d live part of the epidermis; e, sweat glands; n, nerve endings."…

"The extensor muscles on the back of the forearm. Note the tendons at the wrist." —Davison, 1910

Muscles of the forearm

"The extensor muscles on the back of the forearm. Note the tendons at the wrist." —Davison, 1910

The king of Belgium, son of Leopold I., born in Brussels, April 9, 1835. he was liberally educated in the leading institutions of Belgium and Germany. His title as crown prince was duke of Brabant, and he served as a member of the national senate, in which he became distinguished as an influential advocate of internal and maritime improvement.

Leopold II

The king of Belgium, son of Leopold I., born in Brussels, April 9, 1835. he was liberally educated in…

Lydia Kamakeha, queen of Hawaii, born September 2, 1838. She was a sister of King Kalakaua. On Jan. 29, 1891, she was proclaimed queen of the Hawaiin Islands.

Lilioukalani

Lydia Kamakeha, queen of Hawaii, born September 2, 1838. She was a sister of King Kalakaua. On Jan.…

A species of sea-fish found in the northern seas as far north as Iceland. It is allied to the cod family. The body measures from three to four feet in length, has grayish sides and back, and the head is flat. The ling is very valuable as an article of commerce.

Ling

A species of sea-fish found in the northern seas as far north as Iceland. It is allied to the cod family.…

A magestic carnivorous animal, the largest of the cat genus. It is one of the most active of the large quadrupeds, has a yellow or tawny color, and measures from eight to ten feet in length.

Lion

A magestic carnivorous animal, the largest of the cat genus. It is one of the most active of the large…

King of France and King of Navarre from May 14, 1643 until his death. He inherited the Crown at the age of four, but he did not actually assume personal control of the government until the death of his chief minister, Jules Cardinal Mazarin, in 1661.

Louis XIV

King of France and King of Navarre from May 14, 1643 until his death. He inherited the Crown at the…

A group of New World passerine birds best known for the habit of some species of mimicking the songs of other birds, often loudly and in rapid succession.

Mockingbird

A group of New World passerine birds best known for the habit of some species of mimicking the songs…

Interior of the ear. There is external to the head a wide-mouthed tube, or ear-trumpet (a), for catching and concentrating the waves of sound. It is movable in many beings, so that they can direct it to the place from which the sound comes. The sound concentrated at the bottom of the ear-tube falls upon a membrane stretched across the channel, like the parchment of an ordinary drum, over the space called the <em>tympanum</em>, or <em>drum of the ear</em> (b), and causes the membrane to vibrate. That its motion may be free, the air contained within the drum has free communication with the external air by the open passage (f), called the <em>eustachian tube</em>, leading to the back of the mouth. A degree of deafness ensues when this tube is obstructed, as in a cold; and a crack, or sudden noise, with immediate return of natural hearing, is, generally experienced when, in the effort of sneezing or otherwise, the obstruction is removed. The vibrations of the membrane of the drum are conveyed further inwards, through the cavity of the drum, by a chain of four bones (not here represented on account of their minuteness), reaching from the centre of the membrane to the <em>oval door</em> or <em>window</em>, leading into the labyrinth (e). The labyrinth, or complex inner compartment of the ear, over which the nerve of hearing is spread as a lining, is full of watery fluid; and, therefore, by the law of fluid pressure, when the force of the moving membrane of the drum, acting through the chain of bones, is made to compress the water, the pressure is felt instantly over the whole cavity. The labyrinth consists of the <em>vestibule</em> (e), the three <em>semicircular canals</em> (c), imbedded in the hard bone, and a winding cavity, called the <em>cochlea</em> (d), like that of a snail-shell, in which fibres, stretched across like harp-strings, constitute the <em>lyra</em>.

Ear

Interior of the ear. There is external to the head a wide-mouthed tube, or ear-trumpet (a), for catching…

A postal money order.

Money Order

A postal money order.

Sir Percivale, the boy knight, from <em>King Arthur</em>.

Sir Percivale

Sir Percivale, the boy knight, from King Arthur.

A World War I American soldier wearing a gas mask.

WWI Soldier

A World War I American soldier wearing a gas mask.

A Liberty Loan poster. "Third Liberty Loan Campaign, Boy Scouts of America. Weapons for Liberty."

Liberty Loan Poster - USA Bonds

A Liberty Loan poster. "Third Liberty Loan Campaign, Boy Scouts of America. Weapons for Liberty."

A Liberty Loan poster for the World War. "Buy bonds to you utmost."

Liberty Loan - Lend the Way They Fight

A Liberty Loan poster for the World War. "Buy bonds to you utmost."

A War Savings Stamps poster from World War I.

Savings Stamps

A War Savings Stamps poster from World War I.

A side view of the two great cavities of the body and their organs. 1: The mouth. 2: The thorax. 3: The abdomen. 4: The brain. 5: The spinal cord. 6: A salivary gland. 7: The aesophagus. 8: The trachea and lungs. 9: The heart. 10: The liver. 11: The stomach. 12: The colon. 13: The small intestine. 14: The lacteals. 15: The thoracic duct. 16: The diaphragm. 17, 18, and 20: The walls of the lower cavity, composed of bones, muscles and skin. 19 and 20: The walls of the upper cavity.

Side View of the Body

A side view of the two great cavities of the body and their organs. 1: The mouth. 2: The thorax. 3:…

The position of the organs of the mouth, thorax, and abdomen. 1, 2, and 3: Salivary glands. 4: The larynx and trachea. 5: The aesophagus. 6: The lungs. 7: The heart. 8: The liver. 9: The stomach. 10: The pancreas. 11: The spleen. 13: The small intestine. 14: The large intestine.

Front View of the Body

The position of the organs of the mouth, thorax, and abdomen. 1, 2, and 3: Salivary glands. 4: The larynx…

Front view of the right knee-joint. 1: Tendon of the extensor muscle. 2: Patella. 3: Ligament of the patella, or trendinous insertion of the muscle just mentioned. 4: Capsular ligament. 5 and 6: Internal and external lateral ligaments.

Knee-Joint

Front view of the right knee-joint. 1: Tendon of the extensor muscle. 2: Patella. 3: Ligament of the…

A side view of face. 1 and 2: Trachea. 3: Esophagus. 4, 5, and 6: Muscles. 7: Submaxillary. 8: Parotid gland. 9: Duct from the Parotid gland.

Face

A side view of face. 1 and 2: Trachea. 3: Esophagus. 4, 5, and 6: Muscles. 7: Submaxillary. 8: Parotid…

A general of the French Revoltion, and the ruler of France as First Consul of the French Republic from Nov. 11, 1799 to May 18, 1804, then as Emperor of the French and King of Italy under the name Napoleon I from May 18, 1804 to April 6, 1814, and again briefly from March 20 to June 22, 1815

Napoleon

A general of the French Revoltion, and the ruler of France as First Consul of the French Republic from…

This design dates back to Solomon's time. It is one of the Chinese Buddhist ornaments and is therefore quite commonly found in the Samarkand, Yarkand, Kashgar, and the various Chinese products. Also used more or less throughout the Caucasus and especially in the Shemakha; in fact, it is present somewhere in most rugs of the latter class, as a talismanic design. In some of the Persian fabrics it partakes of a floral character.

Knot of Destiny Design

This design dates back to Solomon's time. It is one of the Chinese Buddhist ornaments and is therefore…

This design dates back to Solomon's time. It is one of the Chinese Buddhist ornaments and is therefore quite commonly found in the Samarkand, Yarkand, Kashgar, and the various Chinese products. Also used more or less throughout the Caucasus and especially in the Shemakha; in fact, it is present somewhere in most rugs of the latter class, as a talismanic design. In some of the Persian fabrics it partakes of a floral character.

Knot of Destiny Design

This design dates back to Solomon's time. It is one of the Chinese Buddhist ornaments and is therefore…

This design dates back to Solomon's time. It is one of the Chinese Buddhist ornaments and is therefore quite commonly found in the Samarkand, Yarkand, Kashgar, and the various Chinese products. Also used more or less throughout the Caucasus and especially in the Shemakha; in fact, it is present somewhere in most rugs of the latter class, as a talismanic design. In some of the Persian fabrics it partakes of a floral character.

Knot of Destiny Design

This design dates back to Solomon's time. It is one of the Chinese Buddhist ornaments and is therefore…

Chinese, viciousness, poison. In India it is believed that if a scorpion creeps over the body it causes leprosy and that if one bears the tattooed image of a scorpion he is free from leprosy as well as from the bite of that insect. As a design it is quite common in the borders of Caucasian fabrics, especially the Shirvans.

Scorpion or Spider

Chinese, viciousness, poison. In India it is believed that if a scorpion creeps over the body it causes…

An emblem seen the world over in decoration, especially in synagogues. It is common in the Caucasian and Turkoman products, especially in the form of the elongated eight-pointed star. This eight-pointed star in the centre of an octagon is said to have represented the Deity of the ancient Medes. In all probability the six-pointed star was an adaptation of the Shield of David. It is supposed to have been symbolic of divinity. To it may be traced scores of Turkish patterns.

Star Designs

An emblem seen the world over in decoration, especially in synagogues. It is common in the Caucasian…

A personage mentioned in Greek mythology as the daughter of Tantalus and the wife of Amphion, king of Thebes, and that she incurred the displeasure of Apollo.

Niobe

A personage mentioned in Greek mythology as the daughter of Tantalus and the wife of Amphion, king of…

An emblem seen the world over in decoration, especially in synagogues. It is common in the Caucasian and Turkoman products, especially in the form of the elongated eight-pointed star. This eight-pointed star in the centre of an octagon is said to have represented the Deity of the ancient Medes. In all probability the six-pointed star was an adaptation of the Shield of David. It is supposed to have been symbolic of divinity. To it may be traced scores of Turkish patterns.

Star Designs

An emblem seen the world over in decoration, especially in synagogues. It is common in the Caucasian…

An emblem seen the world over in decoration, especially in synagogues. It is common in the Caucasian and Turkoman products, especially in the form of the elongated eight-pointed star. This eight-pointed star in the centre of an octagon is said to have represented the Deity of the ancient Medes. In all probability the six-pointed star was an adaptation of the Shield of David. It is supposed to have been symbolic of divinity. To it may be traced scores of Turkish patterns.

Star Designs

An emblem seen the world over in decoration, especially in synagogues. It is common in the Caucasian…

"Derived from the Sanscrit word Svasti, which means good pretence. It dates bck three or four thousand years B.C. and has been found in nearly all excavations of prehistoric times and among the relics of primitive people all over the world. It has been known alike to Ancient Greeks, Egyptians, Chinese, Japanese, East Indians, Aztecs, mound builders, and the North and South American Indians, with all of whom it has a similar meaning, viz., good luck and happiness. In Indian it is drawn below the seats intended for bridegrooms, below the plates containing food to be offered to gods and is tattooed on the arms. It is drawn on the scalp at the thread ceremony and on the dorsum of the feet on all auspicious ceremonies, such as mariages, etc. The usual figure consists of four arms with the cross at right angles and the arms pointing in the direction of motion of a clock's hand, although it has been given different forms, as shown by the accompanying illustrations. It is very commonly used as a rug design, especially in the Chinese, Caucasian, Turkish, and Turkoman products."

Swastika Design

"Derived from the Sanscrit word Svasti, which means good pretence. It dates bck three or four thousand…

"Derived from the Sanscrit word Svasti, which means good pretence. It dates bck three or four thousand years B.C. and has been found in nearly all excavations of prehistoric times and among the relics of primitive people all over the world. It has been known alike to Ancient Greeks, Egyptians, Chinese, Japanese, East Indians, Aztecs, mound builders, and the North and South American Indians, with all of whom it has a similar meaning, viz., good luck and happiness. In Indian it is drawn below the seats intended for bridegrooms, below the plates containing food to be offered to gods and is tattooed on the arms. It is drawn on the scalp at the thread ceremony and on the dorsum of the feet on all auspicious ceremonies, such as mariages, etc. The usual figure consists of four arms with the cross at right angles and the arms pointing in the direction of motion of a clock's hand, although it has been given different forms, as shown by the accompanying illustrations. It is very commonly used as a rug design, especially in the Chinese, Caucasian, Turkish, and Turkoman products."

Swastika Design

"Derived from the Sanscrit word Svasti, which means good pretence. It dates bck three or four thousand…

"Derived from the Sanscrit word Svasti, which means good pretence. It dates bck three or four thousand years B.C. and has been found in nearly all excavations of prehistoric times and among the relics of primitive people all over the world. It has been known alike to Ancient Greeks, Egyptians, Chinese, Japanese, East Indians, Aztecs, mound builders, and the North and South American Indians, with all of whom it has a similar meaning, viz., good luck and happiness. In Indian it is drawn below the seats intended for bridegrooms, below the plates containing food to be offered to gods and is tattooed on the arms. It is drawn on the scalp at the thread ceremony and on the dorsum of the feet on all auspicious ceremonies, such as mariages, etc. The usual figure consists of four arms with the cross at right angles and the arms pointing in the direction of motion of a clock's hand, although it has been given different forms, as shown by the accompanying illustrations. It is very commonly used as a rug design, especially in the Chinese, Caucasian, Turkish, and Turkoman products."

Swastika Design

"Derived from the Sanscrit word Svasti, which means good pretence. It dates bck three or four thousand…

The tortoise or turtle border design is a design in which the figure of the tortoise is arrayed in a manner similar to that of the Herati border design. In China the tortoise stands for longevity and immortality. In India it is also auspicious inasmuch as it represents the second incarnation of Vishnu where it supports the earth on its back.

Turtle Design

The tortoise or turtle border design is a design in which the figure of the tortoise is arrayed in a…

Ladder bracket on the back of a ladder. These are made in various styles. Some fasten to rungs. This one attaches to the siderails. It is not, therefore, likely to depend upon a defective rung and so it is safer. They are used as shown on the outside of the ladder to hold a plank at the top of two extension ladders in painting roof cornices. It is possible to swing these brackets to a position on the under side of the ladders. There they make an excellent scaffold from which to work on a wall or window frame.

Ladder Bracket

Ladder bracket on the back of a ladder. These are made in various styles. Some fasten to rungs. This…

A class of marsupial mammals native to America. They include a large number of species, ranging in size from that of a house-mouse to that of a large cat. The hair is soft and wool-like, and the color generally whitish-gray with several stripes down the back.

Opossum

A class of marsupial mammals native to America. They include a large number of species, ranging in size…

King of Sweden and Norway, born in Stockholm, Swden, Jan. 21, 1829. He is a son of Oscar I., and a brother of Charles XV.

Fredrick Oscar

King of Sweden and Norway, born in Stockholm, Swden, Jan. 21, 1829. He is a son of Oscar I., and a brother…

A structure in the shape of a monumental archway, usually built to celebrate a victory in war. The arch is invariably a free-standing structure, quite seperate from city gates or walls. In its simplest form a triumphal arch consists of two pillars connected by an arch, crowned with a superstructure or attic on which a statue might be mounted or which bears commemorative inscriptions. More elaborate triumphal arches have more than one archway, typically three or five of varying sizes.

Arch of Triumph

A structure in the shape of a monumental archway, usually built to celebrate a victory in war. The arch…

A genus of tropical birds classes with the climbers. The genus includes many beautiful species, most of them being distinguished by their brilliant and gaudy plumage. They have a hooked bill and live largely in trees, in which the bill aids them in climbing.

Parrot

A genus of tropical birds classes with the climbers. The genus includes many beautiful species, most…

"The Composite or Roman order was the outcome of the attempt to improve the Corinthian, of which it was in fact a somewhat free version." &mdash;D'Anvers, 1895

Composite capital

"The Composite or Roman order was the outcome of the attempt to improve the Corinthian, of which it…

"The finest monument of this time is the Pantheon of Rome, first built about B.C. 27, which is one of the grandest buildings of the ancient world. Whether it was erected as a Temple or as a Hall attached to the Thermae of Agrippa is a moot point. It is even now in a sufficient good state of preservation for us to be able to judge of what it was." —D'Anvers, 1895

Pantheon

"The finest monument of this time is the Pantheon of Rome, first built about B.C. 27, which is one of…

"Assyrian bas-relief. Part of a Lion-hunt, from Nimrud." —D'Anvers, 1895

Assyrian Hunting Bas-relief

"Assyrian bas-relief. Part of a Lion-hunt, from Nimrud." —D'Anvers, 1895

"Wounded Lioness. Assyrian." &mdash;D'Anvers, 1895

Wounded lioness

"Wounded Lioness. Assyrian." —D'Anvers, 1895

"Persian bas-relief, from Pesepolis." &mdash;D'Anvers, 1895

Persian bas-relief

"Persian bas-relief, from Pesepolis." —D'Anvers, 1895

"Sculpture on the top of the Lion gate at Mycenae." &mdash;D'Anvers, 1895

Lion sculpture

"Sculpture on the top of the Lion gate at Mycenae." —D'Anvers, 1895

A genus of sea-birds. They include many species, all of which have webbed feet and long and strong wings. The nasal tubes are united, the beak is as long as the head, and the upper mandible is hooked. They live almost constantly on the ocean.

Petrel

A genus of sea-birds. They include many species, all of which have webbed feet and long and strong wings.…

A genus of fishes found in the freshwater bodies of America and Eurasia. Most species have a long body and flat back, and taper toward the tail with more than ordinary abruptness. Cycloid scales cover the body. The mouth is large, with the lower jaw projecting, and there is a large and powerful array of teeth.

Pike

A genus of fishes found in the freshwater bodies of America and Eurasia. Most species have a long body…

A genus of plants distributed abundantly in all parts of the world. They inclue about one hundred species, and are most abundant in the temperate regions.

Plantain

A genus of plants distributed abundantly in all parts of the world. They inclue about one hundred species,…

A genus of plants distributed abundantly in all parts of the world. They inclue about one hundred species, and are most abundant in the temperate regions.

Plantain

A genus of plants distributed abundantly in all parts of the world. They inclue about one hundred species,…

"Johann Heinrich von Dannecker, of Stuttgart, another great sculptor, excelled in portrait-statues, and was also very successful in his treatment of female figures. His busts of Scholler, and Lavater, and of King's Frederick and William of Wurtembery, are very valuable likenessess. His group, Ariadne and the Panther, in a private collection at Frankfort, copies of which abound everywhere, is his most famous work." &mdash;D'Anvers, 1895

Ariadne

"Johann Heinrich von Dannecker, of Stuttgart, another great sculptor, excelled in portrait-statues,…

"Edward VI, and his Council. From a wood-cut on the title-page of 'Acts of Parliament," A.D. 1551." &mdash;D'Anvers, 1895

Edward VI

"Edward VI, and his Council. From a wood-cut on the title-page of 'Acts of Parliament," A.D. 1551."…

An architectural structure of solid masonry, built for various purposes in different parts of the world.

Pyramid

An architectural structure of solid masonry, built for various purposes in different parts of the world.

The quagga is an extinct subspecies of the plains zebra, which was once found in great numbers in south Africa's Cape Province and the southern part of the Orange Free State.

Quagga

The quagga is an extinct subspecies of the plains zebra, which was once found in great numbers in south…

The teeth of a carnivorous animal that lives on flesh alone. The front teeth are tearing ones, while the back teeth have sharp edges for cutting. The flesh is first torn by the front teeth, and then it is cut up by the back ones.

Carnivorous Skeleton

The teeth of a carnivorous animal that lives on flesh alone. The front teeth are tearing ones, while…

A mother greeting her son, back from the navy.

Greeting

A mother greeting her son, back from the navy.

A scene from the story, <em>The King of Cashmere</em>.

King of Cashmere

A scene from the story, The King of Cashmere.

A genus of birds that includes about 150 species, whih are distributed throughout the world. They include the rails proper, the water hens, the coots, and the crakes.

Rail

A genus of birds that includes about 150 species, whih are distributed throughout the world. They include…

Diagramatic view of the convulate vernated leaf.

Convulate

Diagramatic view of the convulate vernated leaf.