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"ailmentary canal of a honey bee. at, honey stomach; s, true stomach; nt, intestine; o, esophagus; sg, salivary glands; k, kidneys." —Davison, 1906

Ailmentary Canal

"ailmentary canal of a honey bee. at, honey stomach; s, true stomach; nt, intestine; o, esophagus; sg,…

"Battle of Antietam, Md. Burnside's division carrying the bridge over the Antietam Creek and storming the Confederate position, after a desperate conflict of four hours, Wednesday, September 17th, 1862. On the left, during the afternoon, Burnside carried the bridge, after an obstinate contest of four hours' duration and a loss of about five hundred killed and wounded. Hawkins's Zouaves then crossed, and finding the enemy ready drawn up under cover of the hills, advanced in line of battle on their new position, about half a mile distant. The ground over which they advanced was open clover and plowed fields, the latter very difficult and fatiguing to march in, owing to the softness of the ground. The enemy's guns, fourteen in number, kept up a terrible fire on the advancing line, which never wavered, but slowly toiled along, receving shelter, however, when they were in the hollows. They were halted a few moments to rest in the hollow nearest the enemy's position, and then were ordered to charge with a yell. As they came up the hillin front of the enemy's batteries they received a heavy volley from a large force of infantry behind a stone wall about two hundred feet in front of the enemy's batteries. The Federals, though terribly decimated, gave them a volley in return, and then went on with the bayonet. The enemy did not stay to contest the ground, and although two to one, broke and ran, leaving their guns." — Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of Antietam

"Battle of Antietam, Md. Burnside's division carrying the bridge over the Antietam Creek and storming…

"D, female gonophores, enlarged: c, radial canals; d, canal of manubrial cavity." -Whitney, 1911

Athorybia Gonophores

"D, female gonophores, enlarged: c, radial canals; d, canal of manubrial cavity." -Whitney, 1911

A view of the auditory nerve. Labels: 1, The spinal cord. 2, The medulla oblongata. 3, The lower part of the brain. 4, The auditory nerve. 5, A branch to the semicircular canals. 6, A branch to the cochlea.

View of the Auditory Nerve

A view of the auditory nerve. Labels: 1, The spinal cord. 2, The medulla oblongata. 3, The lower part…

"A Cast of the External Auditory Canal. The auditory canal is a passage in the solid potion of the temporal bone. It is lined by skin on which there are fine hairs, and a set of glands secreting earwax, which serves to moisten the parts, catch particles fo dust, and keep away small insects." — Blaisedell, 1904

External auditory canal

"A Cast of the External Auditory Canal. The auditory canal is a passage in the solid potion of the temporal…

Canals used during ancient Babylonian times.

Ancient Babylonian Canals

Canals used during ancient Babylonian times.

"Carmarina (Geryonia) hastata, one of the Trachomedusae. a, nerve-ring; a', radial nerve; b, tentaculocyst; c, circular canal; e, radiating canal; g'', ovary; h, perenia or cartilaginous process ascending from the cartilaginous margin of the disc centripetally in the outer surface of the jelly-like disc; six of these are perradial, six interradial, coresponding to the twelve solid larval tentacles, resembling those of Cunina; k, dilatation (stomach) of the manubrium; l, jelly of the disc; p, manubrium; t, tentacle (hollow and tertiary, i.e., preceded by six perradial and six interradial solid larval tentacles); u, cartilaginous margin of the disc covered by thread-cells; v, velum." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Carmarina

"Carmarina (Geryonia) hastata, one of the Trachomedusae. a, nerve-ring; a', radial nerve; b, tentaculocyst;…

"Diagram of a vertical section of Carmarina hastata, passing on the right through the whole length of a radiating canal, and on the left through the outspread lobe of an ovary. l, gelatinous substance of the disc and gastric ovaries; k, stomach (dilation of the manubrium); Z, tongue-like process of the gelatinous substance; h, cartilaginous process ascending from the marginal ring at the site of a tentaculocyst; c, circular canal; b, tentaculocyst; v, velum; uk, cartilaginous marginal ring." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Carmarina

"Diagram of a vertical section of Carmarina hastata, passing on the right through the whole length of…

"Cunina rhododactyla, one of the Narcomedusae. c, circular canal; h, "otoporpae" (ear-rivets) or centripetal process of the marginal cartilaginous ring connected with tentaculocyst; k, stomach; l, jelly of the disc; r, radiating calan (puch of stomach); tt, tentacles; iw, tentacle root. The lappets of the margin of the disc, separated by deep notches, above which (nearer the aboral pole) the tentacles project from the disc (not marginal therefore), are characteristic of many Narcomedusae and Trachomedusae. Cartilaginous strands (the mantle rivets or peroniae) connect the tentacle root with the solid marginal ring." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Cunina Rhododactyla

"Cunina rhododactyla, one of the Narcomedusae. c, circular canal; h, "otoporpae" (ear-rivets) or centripetal…

A view of all the parts of the ear, Labels: 1, The tube that leads to the internal ear. 2, The membrana tympani. 3, 4, 5, The bones of the ear. 7, The central part of the labyrinth, names the vestibule. 8, 9, 10, The semicircular canals. 11, 12, The channels of the cochlea. 13, The auditory nerve. 14, The channel from the middle ear to the throat (Eustachian tube). 15, A nerve. 16, A process. 17, The seventh pair of nerves (facial). 18, A process of the temporal bone.

Parts of the Ear

A view of all the parts of the ear, Labels: 1, The tube that leads to the internal ear. 2, The membrana…

"An artificial channel formed to carry off any stagnany body of water, like the sluices in modern use. Some works of this kind are among the most remarkable efforts of Roman ingenuity. That through which the waters of the lake Fucinus discharged themselves into the Liris, is represented in the preceding woodcut." — Smith, 1873.

Emissarium

"An artificial channel formed to carry off any stagnany body of water, like the sluices in modern use.…

<em>A</em> and <em>C</em>, lachrymal canals; <em>B</em>, lachrymal sac; <em>D</em>, small muscle which serves to compress the lachrymal sac; <em>F</em>, glands upon the inner surface of the eyelids, with ducts opening upon the free margins of the eyelids; <em>H</em>, great openings, or antrum, of the upper jawbone. The oil glands of the nose are plainly shown." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Eyelids and lachrymal apparatus

A and C, lachrymal canals; B, lachrymal sac; D, small muscle which…

"Transverse section of a closed fibro-vascular bundle. r, annular vessel; s, spiral vessel; I, inter-cellular canal; g, pitted vessel; v, cambiform tissue which has become permanent. Between v and s are reticulated vessels. p, surrounding parenchyms. Outer cells a of the bundle are parenchymatous, i marks the inner side of the bundle." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Fibro-vascular Bundle

"Transverse section of a closed fibro-vascular bundle. r, annular vessel; s, spiral vessel; I, inter-cellular…

A view of the labyrinth laid open. Labels: 1, The cochlea. 2, 3, Two channels that wind two and half turns around a central point (5). 7, The central portion of the labyrinth called the vestibule. 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, The semicircular canals.

View of the Labyrinth Laid Open

A view of the labyrinth laid open. Labels: 1, The cochlea. 2, 3, Two channels that wind two and half…

"Diagram of a lateral view of a longitudinal section of Limulus. Suc, Suctorial pharynx. al, Alimentary canal. Ph, Pharynx. M, Mouth. Est, Entosternum. VS, Ventral venous sinus. chi, Chilaria. go, Genital operculum. br1 to br5, Branchial appendages. met, Unsegmented metasoma. Entap4, Fourth dorsal entapophysis of left side. tsm, Tergo-sternal muscles, six pairs as in Scorpio. VPM1 to VPM8, The eight pairs of veno-pericardiac muscles." &mdash; The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Limulus

"Diagram of a lateral view of a longitudinal section of Limulus. Suc, Suctorial pharynx. al, Alimentary…

"The lock C is a controllable compartment with raise-able and lower-able gates D and E. Since water always finds its level, by raising and lowering the gates, two separate water levels can be maintained and still provide water transportation through the lock." &mdash;Quackenbos 1859

Locks

"The lock C is a controllable compartment with raise-able and lower-able gates D and E. Since water…

The United States seal of New York with a backdrop of the Erie Canal.

New York

The United States seal of New York with a backdrop of the Erie Canal.

The Canal on Broad Street, New York during the days of the Colony of New York.

The Canal on Broad Street, New York

The Canal on Broad Street, New York during the days of the Colony of New York.

"All the Assyrian buildings were erected on terraces, to which flights of steps gave access, and it was probable that they were several stories high." &mdash;D'Anvers, 1895

Assyrian palace

"All the Assyrian buildings were erected on terraces, to which flights of steps gave access, and it…

"The outer ear consists of a plate of gristle, shaped somewhat like a shell, known as the pinna, or auricle, and of a tube about an inch long, called the auditory canal." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Pinna

"The outer ear consists of a plate of gristle, shaped somewhat like a shell, known as the pinna, or…

Gondoliers maneuver their craft under the Rialto Bridge in Venice, Italy. The Rialto is the oldest of the four bridges that span the Grand Canal. The bridge was designed by Antonio da Ponte and completed in 1591

Rialto Bridge and Gondolas

Gondoliers maneuver their craft under the Rialto Bridge in Venice, Italy. The Rialto is the oldest of…

"Lateral view of caudal vertebra of Basking Shark (Selache mazima). a, centrum; b, neurapophysis; c, intercrural cartilage; d, hemapophysis; e, spinal canal; f, intervertebal cavity; g, central canal for persistent portion of notochord; h, hemal canals for blood-vessels." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Shark Vertebra

"Lateral view of caudal vertebra of Basking Shark (Selache mazima). a, centrum; b, neurapophysis; c,…

"Longitudinal section of caudal vertebra of Basking Shark (Selache mazima). a, centrum; b, neurapophysis; c, intercrural cartilage; d, hemapophysis; e, spinal canal; f, intervertebal cavity; g, central canal for persistent portion of notochord; h, hemal canals for blood-vessels." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Shark Vertebra

"Longitudinal section of caudal vertebra of Basking Shark (Selache mazima). a, centrum; b, neurapophysis;…

"Transverse section of caudal vertebra of Basking Shark (Selache mazima). a, centrum; b, neurapophysis; c, intercrural cartilage; d, hemapophysis; e, spinal canal; f, intervertebal cavity; g, central canal for persistent portion of notochord; h, hemal canals for blood-vessels." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Shark Vertebra

"Transverse section of caudal vertebra of Basking Shark (Selache mazima). a, centrum; b, neurapophysis;…

A canal in Venice, Italy.

A Canal in Venice

A canal in Venice, Italy.

Windmills stand along a canal. The are probably polder mills used to move water up and out of lowlands, reclaiming farmland from the sea. The location is probably the Netherlands.

Windmills along a Canal

Windmills stand along a canal. The are probably polder mills used to move water up and out of lowlands,…