A large cylinder containing 7 smaller congruent cylinders. The small cylinders are externally tangent to each other and internally tangent to the larger cylinder.

7 Smaller Cylinders In A Larger Cylinder

A large cylinder containing 7 smaller congruent cylinders. The small cylinders are externally tangent…

Illustration of 7 congruent cylinders with diameters less than the height. 6 of the cylinders are equally placed about the center cylinder. The cylinders are externally tangent to each other.

7 Tangent Cylinders

Illustration of 7 congruent cylinders with diameters less than the height. 6 of the cylinders are equally…

Illustration of 7 congruent cylinders with diameters less than the height. 6 of the cylinders are equally placed about the center cylinder. The cylinders are externally tangent to each other.

7 Tangent Cylinders

Illustration of 7 congruent cylinders with diameters less than the height. 6 of the cylinders are equally…

Illustration of the intersection of an octagonal prism and a cylinder. The figures intersect at an oblique angle.

Intersecting Prism and Cylinder

Illustration of the intersection of an octagonal prism and a cylinder. The figures intersect at an oblique…

Projection of a round bar.

Projection of Round Bar

Projection of a round bar.

"A column supporting a horizontal square slab at right angles with the picture plane. A pole leans against the wall behind, and cast sit shadow on the column. Sun's inclination 40°, elevation 35°." (Britannica, 1891)

Shadows of an Column Supporting a Horizontal Square

"A column supporting a horizontal square slab at right angles with the picture plane. A pole leans against…

"Two cylinders, one horizontal, the other perpendicular. The base of the horizontal cylinder is at one angle of 40° with the PP. The sun's inclination 50°m elevation 28°." (Britannica, 1891)

Shadows of Two Cylinders

"Two cylinders, one horizontal, the other perpendicular. The base of the horizontal cylinder is at one…

Spiral with lines AB and CD drawn on piece of paper shown flat.

Spiral Drawn on Piece of Paper Shown Flat

Spiral with lines AB and CD drawn on piece of paper shown flat.

Spiral with lines AB and CD drawn on piece of paper and rolled into a cylinder to form spiral running from A to D.

Spiral Drawn on Piece of Paper and Rolled

Spiral with lines AB and CD drawn on piece of paper and rolled into a cylinder to form spiral running…

Projections and development of a truncated cylinder.

Projections and Development of a Truncated Cylinder

Projections and development of a truncated cylinder.

"If the cylinder A were to be developed a right section as at S—S would have to be taken, whose stretchout would be a straight line. If the cutting planes were taken at uniform distances apart, or at random, the elements would not be spaced uniformly on the stretchout but would be found as they project on the turned section of S—S." —French, 1911

Two Cylinders with Axes Not Intersecting

"If the cylinder A were to be developed a right section as at S—S would have to be taken, whose…

"The intersection of two cylinders might represent a dome on a boiler. If the top view of cylinder A is divided into a number of equal parts the points will represent the top views of elements."—French, 1911

Intersection of Two Cylinders

"The intersection of two cylinders might represent a dome on a boiler. If the top view of cylinder A…