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The bones of the right foot, viewed from above.

Bones of the Foot

The bones of the right foot, viewed from above.

Bones of right foot, dorsal aspect. A, outer series; B; inner series.

Bones of the Foot

Bones of right foot, dorsal aspect. A, outer series; B; inner series.

"The foot is built in the form of a half-dome or half-arch. This is to afford a broad, strong support surface for the support of the weight of the body. The bones of the toes and the heel form the piers, while the little bones wedged in between the metatarsal bones and the heel make up the keystone of the arch. This arch gives a certain amount of spring and elasticity to the feet, and hence it is of the upmost importance in preventing jars and jolts." — Blaisedell, 1904

Bones of the Foot

"The foot is built in the form of a half-dome or half-arch. This is to afford a broad, strong support…

Foot of bear: plantigrade

Carnivore Foot

Foot of bear: plantigrade

Hind feet of Seal; Pinnigrada

Carnivore foot

Hind feet of Seal; Pinnigrada

An extreme form of a compressed foot, typically seen in the deer and ox. It is useful for land transit.

Compressed Foot

An extreme form of a compressed foot, typically seen in the deer and ox. It is useful for land transit.

Section through the middle of the right foot.

Cross Section Through Foot

Section through the middle of the right foot.

Section through the right tarsometatarsal joint. Upper surface.

Cross Section Through Tarso-Metatarsal Joint of Foot

Section through the right tarsometatarsal joint. Upper surface.

Foot of Peregrine Falcon.

Falcon Foot

Foot of Peregrine Falcon.

Longitudinal section through right foot in axis of first metatarsal bone.

Longitudinal Section Through Foot

Longitudinal section through right foot in axis of first metatarsal bone.

The plantar fascia and plantar cutaneous nerves.

Nerves of the Foot

The plantar fascia and plantar cutaneous nerves.

Oblique anteroposterior section of foot, to show the synovial cavities of the tarsus. Labels: 1, tibia; 2, fibula; 3, astragalus; 4, os calcis; 5, external lateral ligament; 6, internal lateral ligament; 7, interosseous ligament between astragalus and os calcis; 8, head of astragalus; 9, scaphoid; 10, 11, and 12, the three cuneiform bones; 13, cuboid.

Oblique Anteroposterior Section of

Oblique anteroposterior section of foot, to show the synovial cavities of the tarsus. Labels: 1, tibia;…

The foot of an otter, which is serviceable in and out of the water.

Otter Foot

The foot of an otter, which is serviceable in and out of the water.

Foot of Tawny Owl.

Owl Foot

Foot of Tawny Owl.

Scheme of distribution of the plantar nerves. Labels: I.P1, internal plantar nerve, and its cutaneous and muscular branches; F.B.D, flexor brevis digitorum; Abd.H, abductor hallucis; F.B.H., flexor brevis hallucis; L.I., first lumbricalis; E.Pl., external plantar nerve, and its cutaneous and muscular branches; Acc., accessorius, Abd.m.d, abductor minimi digiti; F.B.M.D, flexor brevis minimi digiti; R.P., ramus profundus.

Plantar Nerves of the Foot

Scheme of distribution of the plantar nerves. Labels: I.P1, internal plantar nerve, and its cutaneous…

"The Foot is that part of the lower extremity below the leg on which we stand and walk. It is composed of three series of groups of bones– the tarsal, or hindermost; the metatarsal, which occupy the middle portion; and the phalanges, which form the toes.The tarsal bones are seven in number. The metatarsal bones are five in number. The phalanges are 14 in number, three to each toe, except the great one, which has only two."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Side View of Bones in Foot

"The Foot is that part of the lower extremity below the leg on which we stand and walk. It is composed…

"The Foot is that part of the lower extremity below the leg on which we stand and walk. It is composed of three series of groups of bones– the tarsal, or hindermost; the metatarsal, which occupy the middle portion; and the phalanges, which form the toes.The tarsal bones are seven in number. The metatarsal bones are five in number. The phalanges are 14 in number, three to each toe, except the great one, which has only two."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Side View of Bones in Foot

"The Foot is that part of the lower extremity below the leg on which we stand and walk. It is composed…

"In nearly every tissue of the body there is a marvelous network of vessels, precisely like the lacteals, known as the <em>lymphatics</em>. They seem to start out of the part in which they are found, like the rootlets of a plant in the soil. The tiny roots join together and make larger roots. They carry a fluid called <em>lymph</em>, very much like blood without the red corpuscles. It is to be remembered that the lacteals are really the lymphatics which begin in the villi of the small intestine." — Blaisedell, 1904

Superficial Lymphatics of the foot

"In nearly every tissue of the body there is a marvelous network of vessels, precisely like the lacteals,…

"Tendons on the Top of the Right Foot." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Tendons of the foot

"Tendons on the Top of the Right Foot." — Blaisedell, 1904

Bones of the upper surface of the left foot. Labels: 1, astragalus; 2, its anterior face; 3, os calcis; 4, navicular, or scaphoid; , internal cuneiform; 6, middle cuneiform; 7, external cuneiform; 8, cuboid bone; 9, 9, metatarsal bones; 10, first phalanx of the big toe; 11, second phalanx of the big toe; 12, the first, 13, second and 14, third phalanges of the other toes.

Upper Surface of the Left Foot

Bones of the upper surface of the left foot. Labels: 1, astragalus; 2, its anterior face; 3, os calcis;…

Foot of Yellow Wagtail.

Wagtail Foot

Foot of Yellow Wagtail.

Foot of Water-ousel.

Water-ousel Foot

Foot of Water-ousel.

"The Olympic games were of greater efficacy than the Amphictyonic Council in promoting the spirit of union among the various branches of the Greek race, and in keeping alive a feeling of their common origin. They were open to all persons who could prove their Hellenic blood, and were frequented by spectators from all parts of the Grecian world. They were celebrated at Olympia, on the banks of the alpheus, in the territory of Elis." &mdash; Smith, 1882

Foot-race

"The Olympic games were of greater efficacy than the Amphictyonic Council in promoting the spirit of…

A series of footprints in the mud.

Footprints

A series of footprints in the mud.

"Closeup of a garden spider's foot, showing the 'combs' for clinging to webs."&mdash;Finley, 1917

Foot of a garden spider

"Closeup of a garden spider's foot, showing the 'combs' for clinging to webs."—Finley, 1917

The foot of a goat-sucker, with a distinctively longer middle toe, believed to be used for either grasping insects or combing its whiskers.

Foot of a Goat-Sucker

The foot of a goat-sucker, with a distinctively longer middle toe, believed to be used for either grasping…

The foot of a Great Jacamar, a bird belonging to the Scansores order. Scansores is an order of birds, popularly known as climbing birds. The most important of the families are the cuckoos, the woodpeckers and wry-necks, the parrots, the toucans, the trogons, the barbets, and the plantain-eaters.

Foot of a Great Jacamar

The foot of a Great Jacamar, a bird belonging to the Scansores order. Scansores is an order of birds,…

"In this foot each toe is provided with its swimming membrane; the membrane being closed when the foot is flexed, and expanded when the foot is extended."&mdash;Pettigrew, 1874

Foot of Grebe

"In this foot each toe is provided with its swimming membrane; the membrane being closed when the foot…

A grouse's feet

Grouse Feet

A grouse's feet

A comparison of vertebrate hands. A, hand or anterior foot of the dog; B, that of the hog; C, that of the elk; D, that of the ox. Digits: I, pollex; II, index; III, medius; IV, annukus; V, minimus.

Hands of Vertebrates

A comparison of vertebrate hands. A, hand or anterior foot of the dog; B, that of the hog; C, that of…

The foot of an American sparrow-hawk.

Foot of American Sparrowhawk

The foot of an American sparrow-hawk.

"Successive stages of modification of the feet of extinct forms of horse-like animals, showin gradual reduction of the outer and enlargement of the middle toe (III). Orohippus (Eocene)." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Horse Foot

"Successive stages of modification of the feet of extinct forms of horse-like animals, showin gradual…

"Successive stages of modification of the feet of extinct forms of horse-like animals, showin gradual reduction of the outer and enlargement of the middle toe (III). Meschippus (Early Miocene)." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Horse Foot

"Successive stages of modification of the feet of extinct forms of horse-like animals, showin gradual…

"Successive stages of modification of the feet of extinct forms of horse-like animals, showin gradual reduction of the outer and enlargement of the middle toe (III). Miohippus and Anchitherium (Late Miocene)." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Horse Foot

"Successive stages of modification of the feet of extinct forms of horse-like animals, showin gradual…

"Successive stages of modification of the feet of extinct forms of horse-like animals, showin gradual reduction of the outer and enlargement of the middle toe (III). Hipparion and Pliohippus (Pliocene)." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Horse Foot

"Successive stages of modification of the feet of extinct forms of horse-like animals, showin gradual…

"Successive stages of modification of the feet of extinct forms of horse-like animals, showin gradual reduction of the outer and enlargement of the middle toe (III). Equus (Pleistocene)." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Horse Foot

"Successive stages of modification of the feet of extinct forms of horse-like animals, showin gradual…

The hoof of a horse.

Horse's Hoof

The hoof of a horse.

"Skeleton of hind foot of Kangaroo." &mdash;The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Kangaroo Skeleton

"Skeleton of hind foot of Kangaroo." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

"A pagan votive lamp of bronze, now in the museum at Naples." -Bodmer, 1917

Pagan Lamp in the Shape of a Foot

"A pagan votive lamp of bronze, now in the museum at Naples." -Bodmer, 1917

A leaf shaped like a foot.

Pedate Leaf

A leaf shaped like a foot.

Veins of the leg. Labels: 1, saphenous; 2, collateral branch; 3, anastomosis; 4, internal saphenous; 5, original of saphenous; 6, anastomosing branch; 7, branches on back leg; 8, internal vein of foot; 9, arch veins on metatarsal bones; 10, branch from heel; 11, branches on sole of foot.

Veins of the Leg

Veins of the leg. Labels: 1, saphenous; 2, collateral branch; 3, anastomosis; 4, internal saphenous;…

An injured older couple sitting next to a large fire place.

An Injured Man and Woman

An injured older couple sitting next to a large fire place.

The first metatarsal of the left foot.

Metatarsal

The first metatarsal of the left foot.

The second metatarsal of the left foot.

Metatarsal

The second metatarsal of the left foot.

The third metatarsal of the left foot.

Metatarsal

The third metatarsal of the left foot.

The fourth metatarsal of the left foot.

Metatarsal

The fourth metatarsal of the left foot.

The fifth metatarsal of the left foot.

Metatarsal

The fifth metatarsal of the left foot.

Right fifth metatarsal. A, distal aspect; B, dorsal aspect; C, plantar aspect.

Fifth Metatarsal

Right fifth metatarsal. A, distal aspect; B, dorsal aspect; C, plantar aspect.

Right first metatarsal. A, proximal aspect; B, plantar aspect; C, dorsal aspect.

First Metatarsal

Right first metatarsal. A, proximal aspect; B, plantar aspect; C, dorsal aspect.

Right fourth metatarsal. A, proximal aspect; B, outer aspect; C, inner aspect.

Fourth Metatarsal

Right fourth metatarsal. A, proximal aspect; B, outer aspect; C, inner aspect.

Right second metatarsal. A, proximal aspect; B, outer aspect; C, inner aspect.

Second Metatarsal

Right second metatarsal. A, proximal aspect; B, outer aspect; C, inner aspect.

Right third metatarsal. A, proximal aspect; B, outer aspect; C, inner aspect.

Third Metatarsal

Right third metatarsal. A, proximal aspect; B, outer aspect; C, inner aspect.

Transverse section through head of first metatarsal bone.

Transverse Section Through Metatarsal

Transverse section through head of first metatarsal bone.

"Anatomy of an Acephalous Mollusc (Mactra): s, stomach; ii, intestine; ag, anterior ganglions; pg, posterior ganglions; mn, muscles; a, anus; h, heart; l, liver; f, foot; sh, shell; ma, mantle; b, branchiae; t, tentacula; r, oral, or respiratory syphon; t, anal syphon." &mdash; Chambers, 1881

Mollusc Anatomy

"Anatomy of an Acephalous Mollusc (Mactra): s, stomach; ii, intestine; ag, anterior ganglions; pg, posterior…

The power possessed by the hand of a human is chiefly depended upon the size and power of the thumb, which is more developed in humans than it is in the highest apes. The thumb of the human hand can be brought into exact opposition to the extremities of all the fingers, whether singly or in combination; while in those quandrumana which most nearly approach man, the thumb is so short, and the fingers are so weak that they can never be opposed to each other with any degree of force. The human foot is, in proportion to the side of the whole body, larger, broader, and stronger than that of any other mammal.

Comparison of the Hand and the Foot of a Monkey and Human

The power possessed by the hand of a human is chiefly depended upon the size and power of the thumb,…

The claw of a moorfowl.

Moorfowl Claw

The claw of a moorfowl.

"Thumb and leg and foot of Mystacina tuberculata." &mdash;The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

Mystacina Tuberculata

"Thumb and leg and foot of Mystacina tuberculata." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

"A Great Nerve (Plantar) and its Branches which supply the Bottom of the Feet. Note the cut tendons of the great muscles of the leg." — Blaisedell, 1904

Great Nerve

"A Great Nerve (Plantar) and its Branches which supply the Bottom of the Feet. Note the cut tendons…

"Bones of the fore foot of existing Perissodactyle. Tapir (Tapirus indicus)." &mdash;The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

Perissodactyle

"Bones of the fore foot of existing Perissodactyle. Tapir (Tapirus indicus)." —The Encyclopedia…

"Bones of the fore foot of existing Perissodactyle. Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros Sumairensis)." &mdash;The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

Perissodactyle

"Bones of the fore foot of existing Perissodactyle. Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros Sumairensis)." —The…