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The last lumbar vertebra and the sacrum seen from the ventral side.

Lumbar and Sacrum of Spine

The last lumbar vertebra and the sacrum seen from the ventral side.

Diagram of the lumbar interlaminar spaces, showing the position of the fourth lumbar spine.

Lumbar Showing Position of Fourth Lumbar Spine

Diagram of the lumbar interlaminar spaces, showing the position of the fourth lumbar spine.

Right lumbar and sacral plexuses, schematic, viewed from in front The darkly shaded trunks are derivatives of the dorsal half of the plexus.

Lumbar and Sacral Nerve Plexuses

Right lumbar and sacral plexuses, schematic, viewed from in front The darkly shaded trunks are derivatives…

The muscles of the rear thigh. 1, fifth lumbar vertebra; 2, ilio-lumbar ligament; 3, crest of ilium; 4, anterior superior spinous process; 5, origin of fascia femoris; 6, gluteus medino; 7, its lower and anterior portion; 8, pyriformis; 9, gemini; 10, trochanter major; 11, insertion gluteus medius; 12, quadratus femoris; 13, adductor magnus; 14, insertion gluteus maximus; 15, vastus extensus; 16, long head biceps; 17, semimembranous; 18, semitendinosus; 19, tuber ischii; 20, obturator internus; 21, point of coccyx; 22, posterior coccygeal ligament; 23, 24, great sacro-sciatic ligament; 25, posterior superior spinous process; 26, posterior sacro-iliiac ligaments.

Rear Thigh Muscles

The muscles of the rear thigh. 1, fifth lumbar vertebra; 2, ilio-lumbar ligament; 3, crest of ilium;…

"Fig 56 - Axial skeleton, minus the skull, of an owl, Asio wilsonianus, life size; from nature by Dr. R.W. Shufeldt, USA. at, atlas; ax,axis; cv, cervical vertebrae; c, c', cervical ribs, or free pleurapophyses; dv, dorsal vertebrae, excepting the last one, which joins the sacrum; R, two of the six true ribs (pleurapophyses), whereof sr is sacral; u, one of the five uncinate processes or epipleura; cr, two of the six sternal ribs(haemapophyses), whereof the sixth floats; p, pelvic or sacral region of the spine, comprehending one dorsal, and several lumbar, sacral proper, and urosacral vertebrae; I ilium; Is, ischium; P pubis; a, acetabulum; in, ischio-iliac foremen; o, obturator foramen; clv, caudal or coccygeal vertebrae, whereof py is the pygostyle; s, scapula; ohs, os humero-scapulare; cl, clavicle; C, coracoid; S, sternum." Elliot Coues, 1884

Axial Skeleton

"Fig 56 - Axial skeleton, minus the skull, of an owl, Asio wilsonianus, life size; from nature by Dr.…

Side view of the spinal column, with the vertebrae numbered: C1-7, cervical vertebrae; D1-12, dorsal vertebrae; L1-4, lumbar vertebrae; S1, sacrum; Co1-4, coccyx.

Spinal Column

Side view of the spinal column, with the vertebrae numbered: C1-7, cervical vertebrae; D1-12, dorsal…

Side view of the spinal column. Labels: C 1-7, cervical; D 1-12, dorsal; L 1-15 lumbar; S 1, sacrum; Co 1-4, coccygeal.

Side View of the Spinal Column

Side view of the spinal column. Labels: C 1-7, cervical; D 1-12, dorsal; L 1-15 lumbar; S 1, sacrum;…

A lateral view of the spine divided into its cervical, dorsal, and lumbar portions.

Spinal Divisions

A lateral view of the spine divided into its cervical, dorsal, and lumbar portions.

Anterior and posterior view of adult spine.

Anterior and Posterior Views of Spine

Anterior and posterior view of adult spine.

Lateral view of adult spine.

Lateral View of Spine

Lateral view of adult spine.

Ligamenta subflava as seen from the front after removal of he bodies as the vertebrae by sawing through the pedicles.

Ligamenta Subflava of the Spine

Ligamenta subflava as seen from the front after removal of he bodies as the vertebrae by sawing through…

Anterior common ligament of the vertebral column, and the costo vertebral joints as seen from in front.

Ligaments of the Spine

Anterior common ligament of the vertebral column, and the costo vertebral joints as seen from in front.

Posterior common ligament of the vertebral column.

Ligaments of the Spine

Posterior common ligament of the vertebral column.

Mesial section through a portion of the lumbar part of the spine.

Mesial Section of the Spine

Mesial section through a portion of the lumbar part of the spine.

"Showing the distribution of some of the great plexuses of the sympathetic nerve in the lumbar and sacral regions." — Blaisedell, 1904

Plexuses of the Sympathetic Nerves

"Showing the distribution of some of the great plexuses of the sympathetic nerve in the lumbar and sacral…

"Section of two lumbar vertebrae, showing ligaments."—Finley, 1917

Lumbar vertebrae

"Section of two lumbar vertebrae, showing ligaments."—Finley, 1917

The spinal column, right lateral view and dorsal view.

Lateral and Dorsal View of the Vertebral Column

The spinal column, right lateral view and dorsal view.