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A balance with three apples on the left and 15 blocks on the right.

Balance with Apples and Blocks

A balance with three apples on the left and 15 blocks on the right.

A balance with two blocks and a slice of cake on the left and three one-unit blocks and one 25-unit block on the right.

Balance with Cake and Blocks

A balance with two blocks and a slice of cake on the left and three one-unit blocks and one 25-unit…

A balance with nothing on either side.

Balance with Empty Pans

A balance with nothing on either side.

"This is a very convenient and quite accurate method of determining specific gravity." — Ford, 1912

Beam Balance

"This is a very convenient and quite accurate method of determining specific gravity." — Ford, 1912

"The most accurate method of determining the specific gravity of a mineral is by the use of a chemical balance. To one beam of the balance is suspended a wire basket which is so arranged that it can be immersed in a beaker of water. The basket is hung in the water and then counterbalanced by weights on the opposite pan of the balance. The mineral specimen to be tested, having been first weighed on the balance in the ordinary fashion, is now placed in the basket under the water and weighed again." — Ford, 1912

Chemical balance

"The most accurate method of determining the specific gravity of a mineral is by the use of a chemical…

A weighing apparatus somewhat resembling the steelyard, but differing from it by having the fulcrum movable.

Danish Balance

A weighing apparatus somewhat resembling the steelyard, but differing from it by having the fulcrum…

"The part of the body in which the centre of gravity is situated, may be found, in some cases, by balancing it on a point. Thus the centre of gravity of the poker represented [here] lies directly over the point on which it is balanced." —Quackenbos 1859

Center of Gravity

"The part of the body in which the centre of gravity is situated, may be found, in some cases, by balancing…

"A body's center of mass is the point about which all matter composing the body may be balanced. It is also called the center of inertia. In some cases, this is also the center of gravity." -Avery 1895

Center of Mass

"A body's center of mass is the point about which all matter composing the body may be balanced. It…

"Let any irregularly shpaed body, as a stone or chair, be suspended so as to move freely. Drop a plumb line from the point of the suspendsion, and make it fast or mark its direction. The center of mass will lie in this line. From a second point, not in the line already determined, suspend the body; let it fall a plumb line as before. The center of mass will lie in this line also. But to lie in both lines, it must lie at their intersection." -Avery 1895

Finding the Center of Mass

"Let any irregularly shpaed body, as a stone or chair, be suspended so as to move freely. Drop a plumb…

The principle vestment worn by clergy of the Greek and Roman churches during celebration of mass.

Chasuble

The principle vestment worn by clergy of the Greek and Roman churches during celebration of mass.

"An ecclesiastical vestment, worn during the celebration of mass, at processions, vespers, and other soleminities. The cope was originally a cloak worn for ordinary purposes. In form it is a semicircle, without sleeves and with a hood." — Chambers' Encyclopedia, 1875

Cope

"An ecclesiastical vestment, worn during the celebration of mass, at processions, vespers, and other…

A hand holding a pointed weight suspended from a string.

Hand holding weight

A hand holding a pointed weight suspended from a string.

Hundred weight or hundredweight is a unit of measurement for mass in U.S. customary units and was historically used in the Imperial system in the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth.

Hundredweight

Hundred weight or hundredweight is a unit of measurement for mass in U.S. customary units and was historically…

Student learning to measure weights.

Measuring

Student learning to measure weights.

A pile of books. One is open and must be about Abbeys and Castles.

Pile of Books

A pile of books. One is open and must be about Abbeys and Castles.

"Crane Public Library, Quincy, Mass." — The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Public Library

"Crane Public Library, Quincy, Mass." — The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910