"Bread mold (Rhizopus nigricans). A, older plant; myc, mycelia; sph, sporangiophore; sp, sporangium; st, stolon produced by A, and giving rise at its tip to a new plant, B." -Gager, 1916

Bread Mold

"Bread mold (Rhizopus nigricans). A, older plant; myc, mycelia; sph, sporangiophore; sp, sporangium;…

"Rhizopus nigricans. A, Young sporangium, showing columella within; B, older sporangium, with the wall removed, showing ripe spores covering the columella; C, D, views of the collapsed columella after dissemination of the spores." -Gager, 1916

Bread Mold Stages

"Rhizopus nigricans. A, Young sporangium, showing columella within; B, older sporangium, with the wall…

An example of brown mold (mucor mucedo). s, spore; m, mycelium; t, gonidiophore; sp, sporangium.

Brown Mold

An example of brown mold (mucor mucedo). s, spore; m, mycelium; t, gonidiophore; sp, sporangium.

"Scale sporopyll and sporangium of club moss."—Finley, 1917

Spore of club moss

"Scale sporopyll and sporangium of club moss."—Finley, 1917

"Spore-plant of a fern (Aspidium filix-mas). A, part of a rootstock and fronds; fr, young fronds unrollin. B, under side of a pinnule, showing sori, s. C, section through a sorus at right angles to surface of leaf, showing indusium, i, and sporangia, s. D, a sporangium discharging spores." -Bergen, 1896

Fern Spore Plant

"Spore-plant of a fern (Aspidium filix-mas). A, part of a rootstock and fronds; fr, young fronds unrollin.…

An illustration of section through a pinnule of the frond and sorus of Aspidium: b, mesophyll; sch, indusium; sp, sporangium; st, its stalk; r, annulus.

Section of a Nephrolepis

An illustration of section through a pinnule of the frond and sorus of Aspidium: b, mesophyll; sch,…