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General Philip Henry Sheridan.

General Philip Henry Sheridan

General Philip Henry Sheridan.

An illustration of General Sheridan with soldiers on horses.

Philip Sheridan

An illustration of General Sheridan with soldiers on horses.

General William Tecumseh Sherman.

General William Tecumseh Sherman

General William Tecumseh Sherman.

A shield and assortment of Native American weapons.

Shield and Weapons

A shield and assortment of Native American weapons.

An Australian shield.

Australian shield

An Australian shield.

A shield from the Bronze Age.

Bronze Age shield

A shield from the Bronze Age.

A Celtic shield.

Celtic Shield

A Celtic shield.

A shield from the Philippines.

Phillipine shield

A shield from the Philippines.

A Sumatran shield.

Sumatran shield

A Sumatran shield.

Shiloh log chapel, where battle of Shiloh commenced, April 6th, 1862.

Shiloh chapel

Shiloh log chapel, where battle of Shiloh commenced, April 6th, 1862.

"Battle of Shiloh, or Pittsburg Landing, left wing- the woods on fire during the engagement of Sunday, April 6th, 1862- Forty-Fourth Indiana Volunteers engaged. The right wing of General Hurlbut's division stopped the advance of the Confederates by a determined defense along a side road leading through the woods on the right of the field. The Twenty-fifth and Seventeenth Kentucky and Forty-fourth and Thirty-first Indiana Regiments were engaged. By some means the dry leaves and thick underbrush which covered this locality took fire, filling the woods with volumes of smoke, and only discovering the position of the opposing forces to each other by the unceasing rattle of musketry and the whizzing of the bullets." — Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of Shiloh

"Battle of Shiloh, or Pittsburg Landing, left wing- the woods on fire during the engagement of Sunday,…

"Battle of Shiloh, or Pittsburg Landing, left wing- the woods on fire during the engagement of Sunday, April 6th, 1862- Forty-Fourth Indiana Volunteers engaged. The right wing of General Hurlbut's division stopped the advance of the Confederates by a determined defense along a side road leading through the woods on the right of the field. The Twenty-fifth and Seventeenth Kentucky and Forty-fourth and Thirty-first Indiana Regiments were engaged. By some means the dry leaves and thick underbrush which covered this locality took fire, filling the woods with volumes of smoke, and only discovering the position of the opposing forces to each other by the unceasing rattle of musketry and the whizzing of the bullets." — Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of Shiloh

"Battle of Shiloh, or Pittsburg Landing, left wing- the woods on fire during the engagement of Sunday,…

"Battle of Shiloh, or Pittsburg Landing, left wing- the woods on fire during the engagement of Sunday, April 6th, 1862- Forty-Fourth Indiana Volunteers engaged. The right wing of General Hurlbut's division stopped the advance of the Confederates by a determined defense along a side road leading through the woods on the right of the field. The Twenty-fifth and Seventeenth Kentucky and Forty-fourth and Thirty-first Indiana Regiments were engaged. By some means the dry leaves and thick underbrush which covered this locality took fire, filling the woods with volumes of smoke, and only discovering the position of the opposing forces to each other by the unceasing rattle of musketry and the whizzing of the bullets." — Frank Leslie, 1896

Battle of Shiloh

"Battle of Shiloh, or Pittsburg Landing, left wing- the woods on fire during the engagement of Sunday,…

"Ship Island, near the mouth of the Mississippi- United States war steamer "Mississippi" firing on a Confederate steamer." —Leslie, 1896

Ship Island

"Ship Island, near the mouth of the Mississippi- United States war steamer "Mississippi" firing on a…

Early Dutch Man of war used in New York during the late 1600s.

Dutch Man War Ship

Early Dutch Man of war used in New York during the late 1600s.

"The representation shows the arrangement of the tiers or oars in a two-banked ship. In just what way the lines of rowers in triremes and quinqueremes were arranged is unknown."—Myers, 1904

Prow of a Roman War Ship

"The representation shows the arrangement of the tiers or oars in a two-banked ship. In just what way…

Ships at the burning of the White House.

Ship

Ships at the burning of the White House.

Ships at the burning of the White House.

Ship

Ships at the burning of the White House.

An illustration of Spanish and English ships with sails at war.

Spanish & English Ships with Sails at War

An illustration of Spanish and English ships with sails at war.

"Siege of Island No. 10, on the Mississippi River- night bombardment by the Federal mortar boats, ten o'clock P. M., March 18th, 1862. On the 16th of March, 1862, the mortar fleet and the gunboats, consisting of the <em>Cincinnati, Pittsburg, St. Louis, Silver Wave, Carondelet, Mound City, Conestoga, Louisville, Rob Roy, Alps, Wilson, Lake Erie, Great Western</em> and <em>Torrence</em>, and nine mortar boats, arrived near the Point. These were accompanied by several tugboats. On the 18th they opened fire, which, after some hours' delay, was returned by the Confederate batteries. This continued for several days, with very little loss to the Federal troops, owing to the iron casing of the vessels. The study of mortar firing is very interesting. Our sketch represents the manner in which the smoke rolls, and a small column frequently splits out when the shell passes. The shell itself can be seen at night during its entire flight, the fuse having the appearance of a star, which appears and disappears as the shell rolls through the air, very like the twinkling of the celestial orbs. The explosion of the shell at night is a magnificent and fearful sight, sending a glow of surpassing brightness around it as though some world of combustible light had burst." &mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Siege of Island

"Siege of Island No. 10, on the Mississippi River- night bombardment by the Federal mortar boats, ten…

Thousands of patriotic citizens filled every available space in the big railroad station in Jersey City when the Sixth Regiment of Massachusetts entered, on its way to defend the Capital, Washington, April 18th. 1861, after marching through the streets of New York. The regiment was composed of eight hundred men. This was the regiment which, upon arrival in Baltimore, was stoned and shot at by a mob of Southern men who attempted to stop its progress to Washington.

The Sixth regiment

Thousands of patriotic citizens filled every available space in the big railroad station in Jersey City…

An illustration of a soldier leading a charge on a horse.

Soldier Leading a Charge

An illustration of a soldier leading a charge on a horse.

An illustration of three soldiers reading in a tent.

Soldiers Reading

An illustration of three soldiers reading in a tent.

Soup line at Ruhleben Prison Camp-1916

Soup line

Soup line at Ruhleben Prison Camp-1916

An Anglo-Saxon spearhead, made of iron.

Anglo-Saxon spearhead

An Anglo-Saxon spearhead, made of iron.

A Bantu spearhead.

Bantu spearhead

A Bantu spearhead.

"Japanese spearhead"&mdash;Finley, 1917

Japanese spearhead

"Japanese spearhead"—Finley, 1917

Medieval spearheads.

Medieval spearhead

Medieval spearheads.

A Phillipine spearhead.

Phillipine spearhead

A Phillipine spearhead.

West African spearheads.

West African spearhead

West African spearheads.

Prehistoric British spearheads.

Prehistoric British spearheads

Prehistoric British spearheads.

"General J. T. Sprague, born in Newburyport, Mass., July 3rd, 1810, died in New York city, September 6th, 1878. In 1834 he became second lieutenant in the Marine Corps, and served in the Florida War, being twice promoted for meritorious conduct, and brevetted captain on March 15th, 1842. He was given the full rank in 1846, and brevetted major, May 30th, 1848. He was made major of the First Infantry, May 14th, 1861, and when stationed with his regiment in Texas was taken prisoner by General Twiggs, but was released on parole, and became mustering and disbursing officer at Albany, N. Y. He retired from the army, July 15th, 1870." &mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

J. T. Sprague

"General J. T. Sprague, born in Newburyport, Mass., July 3rd, 1810, died in New York city, September…

"Landing state prisoners at Fort Lafayette, New York harbor, in 1861. Fort Lafayette, New York harbor, by the state prison of the republic during the Civil War, is built upn a shoal abut four hundred yards from Long Island, and is entirely surrounded by water. In shape it is quadrangular, with the angles pointing to the sea and shore diamondwise; hence it was formerly called Fort Diamond." —Leslie, 1896

State Prisoners at Fort Lafayette

"Landing state prisoners at Fort Lafayette, New York harbor, in 1861. Fort Lafayette, New York harbor,…

"Reconnoissance of the Confederate poistion at Strasburg, VA., by a detachment of cavalry under General Bayard, previous to its occupation by General Fremont." —Leslie, 1896

Strasburg

"Reconnoissance of the Confederate poistion at Strasburg, VA., by a detachment of cavalry under General…

"View of the town of Strasburg, valley of the Shenandoah, occupied by the Federal forces under General Banks, March 25th, 1862. Towns which had hitherto remained buried in obscurity and pleasant foilage were suddenly converted into places of national importance. Strasburg, through whose rural streets the resounding tramp of two hostile armies had passed, was a post village of Shenandoah County, Va., on the north fork of Shenandoah River and on the Manassas Gap Railroad, eighteen miles southwest of Winchester. It had three churches and a population of about eight hundred persons. It was occupied by General Banks's division of the Federal army immediately after the battle of Winchester." —Leslie, 1896

Strasburg Lookout

"View of the town of Strasburg, valley of the Shenandoah, occupied by the Federal forces under General…

"View of the town of Strasburg, valley of the Shenandoah, occupied by the Federal forces under General Banks, March 25th, 1862. Towns which had hitherto remained buried in obscurity and pleasant foilage were suddenly converted into places of national importance. Strasburg, through whose rural streets the resounding tramp of two hostile armies had passed, was a post village of Shenandoah County, Va., on the north fork of Shenandoah River and on the Manassas Gap Railroad, eighteen miles southwest of Winchester. It had three churches and a population of about eight hundred persons. It was occupied by General Banks's division of the Federal army immediately after the battle of Winchester." —Leslie, 1896

Bridge at Strasburg

"View of the town of Strasburg, valley of the Shenandoah, occupied by the Federal forces under General…

"View of the town of Strasburg, valley of the Shenandoah, occupied by the Federal forces under General Banks, March 25th, 1862. Towns which had hitherto remained buried in obscurity and pleasant foilage were suddenly converted into places of national importance. Strasburg, through whose rural streets the resounding tramp of two hostile armies had passed, was a post village of Shenandoah County, Va., on the north fork of Shenandoah River and on the Manassas Gap Railroad, eighteen miles southwest of Winchester. It had three churches and a population of about eight hundred persons. It was occupied by General Banks's division of the Federal army immediately after the battle of Winchester." —Leslie, 1896

View of Strasburg

"View of the town of Strasburg, valley of the Shenandoah, occupied by the Federal forces under General…

"In the Shenandoah Valley- General Fremont's division marching through the woods to attack the Confederates. This exciting pursuit commenced on Saturday, May 31st, 1862, when the first collision occurred between the hostile armies in the lower valley, near Strasburg, to which place Jackson had fallen back from the Potomac upon hearing that Fremont was on the march to intercept him. In this retreat the indomitable and daring Ashby, the "Murat of the Confederates," occupied the post of danger, dashing against the Federal troops whenever they pressed the retreating enemy too closely. At ten o'clock on the 31st the First Jersey Cavalry, led by the gallant Wyndham, and Ashby's men had a desperate skirmish, in which the Confederates were driven back with some loss. Jackson rested his Confederate troops in Strasburg this night, and next morning resumed his retreat, when the Ashby cavalry and the First Jersey had another and heavier conflict, in which artillery was used. That night the enemy occupied Woodstock, having made fourteen miles in their retreat this day. So close was the Federal advance on the Confederates that General Bayard's cavalry, when they entered Strasburg, captured the Confederate provost marshal and two hundred men. At the village of Edinburgh, five miles from Woodstock, the Confederate General Ashby, by Jackson's orders, after seeing the rear guard safely across the bridge over Stony Creek, fired the wooden structure, and it was soon enveloped in flames." —Leslie, 1896

Strasburg Woods

"In the Shenandoah Valley- General Fremont's division marching through the woods to attack the Confederates.…

A Roman rider battling a Sueve. Suevi were Germanic people that posed a threat to the Romans.

Sueve and Roman Rider

A Roman rider battling a Sueve. Suevi were Germanic people that posed a threat to the Romans.

"A sutler's store, Harper's Ferry, Va. The sutler's store at Harper's Ferry represents one of those apparently inevitable evils which attend even the best-arranged armies. The negligence and delay of the government in settling with the troops rendered the sutler's a necessary evil, which a more regular course would have obviated. As a study of human life, a sutler's store is full of the most sorrowful reflections, and demands the most earnest care of the superior officers. A little pure stimulant, when administered with the rations, is capable of warding off many ills which flesh is heir to, more especially when under the prostration of fatigue or privation." —Leslie, 1896

Sutler's Store

"A sutler's store, Harper's Ferry, Va. The sutler's store at Harper's Ferry represents one of those…

Showing a fight between settlers and Native Americans in Rhode Island in 1675.

Swamp Fight

Showing a fight between settlers and Native Americans in Rhode Island in 1675.

"General George Sykes, born in Dover, Del., October 9th, 1822, died in Brownsville, Texas, February 9th, 1880, was graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1842, and assigned to the Third Infantry; served in the Florida and Mexican Wars, and was brevetted captain for gallantry at Contreras, Churubusco and the capture of the city of Mexico. He became major of the Fourteenth Infantry, May 14th, 1861; was at the battle of Bull Run, and then commanded the regular infantry at Washington till March, 1862. He took part in the Peninsula campign, receiving the brevet of colonel for gallantry at Gaines's Mill and in the succeeding operations of the Army of the Potomac. At the close of the war he was brevetted major general for gallant services in the field." &mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

George Sykes

"General George Sykes, born in Dover, Del., October 9th, 1822, died in Brownsville, Texas, February…

The left war symbol has a border made of a copper plate engraving, designed by Heinrich Goltzius (1558-1617).

Left War Symbol

The left war symbol has a border made of a copper plate engraving, designed by Heinrich Goltzius (1558-1617).

The right war symbol has a border made of a copper plate engraving, designed by Heinrich Goltzius (1558-1617).

Right War Symbol

The right war symbol has a border made of a copper plate engraving, designed by Heinrich Goltzius (1558-1617).

"The targe of the Scottish Highlands, composed of wood and leather, and studded with brass decoratively applied, is a reversion to the early circular form."&mdash;Finley, 1917

Highland targe

"The targe of the Scottish Highlands, composed of wood and leather, and studded with brass decoratively…

"Escorting Major Taylor, of New Orleans, the bearer of a flag of truce, blindfolded, to the Confederate lines, after his unsuccessful mission. On the 8th of July, 1861, the pickets of the Eight New York Regiment, Colonel Lyons, observed a small party of Confederate soldiers approaching with a flag of truce. This proved to be from Manassas junction, and protected Major Taylor, of New Orleans, who bore letters from Jefferson Davis and General Beauregard to President Lincoln and General Scott. Colonel Lyons telegraphed to Washington, and in reply received orders to send the dispatches on. A council was held, when the dispatches from the eminent Confederates were read. It is sufficient to say that no answer was given, and Major Taylor was conducted to the Confederate lines in the manner portrayed in our sketch." &mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Major Taylor

"Escorting Major Taylor, of New Orleans, the bearer of a flag of truce, blindfolded, to the Confederate…

From a Fresco in the " Sala di Constantino, " in the Vatican, Rome. The scene is laid on the left bank of the Tiber; the chain of the Monte Mario hills, with Mount Janiculum and Ponte Molle on the right.

The Battle of Constantine

From a Fresco in the " Sala di Constantino, " in the Vatican, Rome. The scene is laid on the left bank…

"In close array, this firm united band / Guarded on every point will boldly stand; / Their foes attack them on each side in vain; / By standing, they at last the victory gain."&mdash;Barber, 1857

They Conquer Who Endure

"In close array, this firm united band / Guarded on every point will boldly stand; / Their foes attack…

General George Henry Thomas.

General George Henry Thomas

General George Henry Thomas.

"General Lorenzo Thomas, born in Newcastle, Del., October 26th, 1804, died in Washington, D. C., March 2nd, 1875, was graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1823; served in the Florida and Mexican Wars, and received the brevet of lieutenant colonel for gallantry at Monterey. On the 7th of May, 1861, he was brevetted brigadier general, and made adjutant general of the army on August 3rd, with the full rank of brigadier general. He served until 1863, when he was intrusted for two years with the organization of [African American] troops in the Southern States. He was brevetted major general, United States Army, on March 13th, 1865. He was retired in 1869." &mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Lorenzo Thomas

"General Lorenzo Thomas, born in Newcastle, Del., October 26th, 1804, died in Washington, D. C., March…

"View of New Berne, N. C., from the interior of Fort Thompson after its capture by the Federal forces- burning of Rosin Works, railway bridge and naval stores, and showing vessels sunk in the channel of the Neuse River, to prevent the approach of Federal gunboats. Captain Rowan, in his account of the doings of his gunboats, after modestly narrating the important services he rendered General Burnside the day previous in the debarkation of the land forces, thus recounts his own separate share of the expedition to New Berne: "At 6:30 A.M. on Friday, April 14th, 1862, the fleet steadily moved up and gradually closed in toward the batteries. The lower fortification was discovered to have been abandoned by the enemy. A boat was dispatched to it, and the Stars and Stripes planted on the ramparts. As we advanced the upper batteries opened fire upon us. The fire was returned with effect, the magazine of one exploding. Having proceeded in an extended line as far as the obstructions in the river would permit, the signal was made to follow movements of the flagship, and the whole fleet advanced in order, concentating our fire on Fort Thompson, mounting 13 guns, on which rested the enemy's land defenses. The army having with great gallantry driven them out of these defenses, the fort was abandoned."" —Leslie, 1896

Fort Thompson

"View of New Berne, N. C., from the interior of Fort Thompson after its capture by the Federal forces-…

"General Totten, born in New Haven, Conn., August 23rd, 1788, died in Washington, D. C., April 23rd, 1864. Was graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1805, and promoted second lieutenant in the corps of engineers. After the beginning of the Civil War he had charge of the engineer bureau in Washington. When the corps of engineers and that of topographical engineers were consolidated, in 1863, he was made brigadier general on March 3rd; and for his long, faithful and eminent services was brevetted major general, April 21st, 1864." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

General Joseph G. Totten

"General Totten, born in New Haven, Conn., August 23rd, 1788, died in Washington, D. C., April 23rd,…

A banner of the faces of the heroes of the Trojan War.

Heroes of the Trojan War

A banner of the faces of the heroes of the Trojan War.

This chased metal dish trophy was designed during the Renaissance. Trophies were tokens of victory that were used to decorate monuments connected with war.

Chased Metal Dish Trophy

This chased metal dish trophy was designed during the Renaissance. Trophies were tokens of victory that…

This chased metal dish trophy was designed during the Renaissance. Trophies were tokens of victory that were used to decorate monuments connected with war.

Chased Metal Dish Trophy

This chased metal dish trophy was designed during the Renaissance. Trophies were tokens of victory that…

This chased metal dish trophy during the Renaissance. Trophies were tokens of victory that were used to decorate monuments connected with war.

Chased Metal Dish Trophy

This chased metal dish trophy during the Renaissance. Trophies were tokens of victory that were used…

This chased metal armor dish trophy during the Renaissance. Trophies were tokens of victory that were used to decorate monuments connected with war.

Chased Metal Armor Dish Trophy

This chased metal armor dish trophy during the Renaissance. Trophies were tokens of victory that were…

This chased metal art trophy during the Renaissance. Trophies were tokens of victory that were used to decorate monuments connected with war.

Chased Metal Art Trophy

This chased metal art trophy during the Renaissance. Trophies were tokens of victory that were used…

This chased metal tool trophy was designed during the Renaissance. Trophies were tokens of victory that were used to decorate monuments connected with war.

Chased Metal Tool Trophy

This chased metal tool trophy was designed during the Renaissance. Trophies were tokens of victory that…

"The Trumpeter's Horse. From the painting by Horace Vernet, in the Hertford Collection, London." -Rees, 1894

The Trumpeter's Horse

"The Trumpeter's Horse. From the painting by Horace Vernet, in the Hertford Collection, London." -Rees,…