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"Hot-wire instruments working on the sag principle can be used in any position if properly contructed, and are very portable." —Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Hot-wire Ammeter

"Hot-wire instruments working on the sag principle can be used in any position if properly contructed,…

An illustration of an angel on a wire.

Angel on Wire

An illustration of an angel on a wire.

"Consists of a coil of wire wound in two broad grooves plowed on opposite sides of an iron cylinder." — Avery, 1895

Siemens armature

"Consists of a coil of wire wound in two broad grooves plowed on opposite sides of an iron cylinder."…

"Atwood's Machine. This difficulty has however been overcome by a curious piece of machinery invented by Mr. Atwood. This consists of an upright pillar, with a wheel on the top. The weights A and B are of the same size and are made to balance each other, exactly, being connected by a thread passing over the wheel. The ring R admits the weight A, to fall through it in its passage to the stage S, on which it rests. The right and stage slide up and down, and are fastened by a thumb screw. The pillar is a graduated scale, and M is a small bent wire, weighing a quarter of an ounce, and longer than the diameter of the ring." —Comstock, 1850

Atwood's Machine

"Atwood's Machine. This difficulty has however been overcome by a curious piece of machinery invented…

Carbon electrodes are formed by molding mixtures of graphite powder and pitch into solid pieces and then heating to high temperatures. The pitch is converted to carbon that holds the structure together.

Carbon Electrode

Carbon electrodes are formed by molding mixtures of graphite powder and pitch into solid pieces and…

A rod with a slender wire coiled loosely around it.

Coil around rod

A rod with a slender wire coiled loosely around it.

"D is a needle, formed of light silver wire, suspended by a fine glass fiber, from a torsion head A. Below the needle is a piece of sheet metal NE, divided half through by a notch in the middle, and then bent in opposite directions on both sides of the notch, so that, when looked at end on, it appears like a Y." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Dellman's Electrometer

"D is a needle, formed of light silver wire, suspended by a fine glass fiber, from a torsion head A.…

"Diadems or head fillets of pure hammered gold cut into thin plates, attached to rings by double gold wires, and fastened together at the back with thin twisted wire." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Diadem

"Diadems or head fillets of pure hammered gold cut into thin plates, attached to rings by double gold…

"Figure 5-Instruments for blowing eggs; a,b, blow-pipes, 1/2 natural size; c, wire for cleansing them; d, syringe, 1/2 natural size (the ring of the handle must be large enough to insert the thumb); e, bulbous insufflator, for sucking eggs." Elliot Coues, 1884

Several Special Instruments Used in the Process of Egg Blowing

"Figure 5-Instruments for blowing eggs; a,b, blow-pipes, 1/2 natural size; c, wire for cleansing them;…

"The electric screen. A screen of wire gauze surrounding a delicate electrical instrument will protect it from external electrostatic induction." -Hawkins, 1917

Electric Screen

"The electric screen. A screen of wire gauze surrounding a delicate electrical instrument will protect…

An insulator is a material that resists the flow of electric current. An insulating material has atoms with tightly bonded valence electrons. These materials are used in parts of electrical equipment, as insulation. The term is also used to refer to insulating supports that attach electric power transmission wires to utility poles. Some materials such as glass, paper, or Teflon are very good electrical insulators.

Electric Wire Insulator

An insulator is a material that resists the flow of electric current. An insulating material has atoms…

"A copper wire coiled, by winding it around a piece of wood. The turns of the wire should be close together for actual experiment, they being parted in the figure to show the place of the iron to be magnetized. The best method is, to place the coiled wire, which is called the electrical helix, in a glass tube, the two ends of the wire, of course, projecting. Then placing the body to be magnetized within the folds, send the galvanic influence through the whole by placing the poles of the battery in the cups." —Comstock, 1850

Electrical Helix

"A copper wire coiled, by winding it around a piece of wood. The turns of the wire should be close together…

Fasteners for Kuhlo wire.

Fasteners

Fasteners for Kuhlo wire.

An illustration of a barbed wire fence.

Barbed Wire Fence

An illustration of a barbed wire fence.

"If the conducting wire is bent into the form shown, the lines of force will pas around the wire from one face of the loop to the other, and in the direction indicated by the 'rule of thumb' just given." -Avery 1895

Magnetic Field Around a Current Carrying Wire

"If the conducting wire is bent into the form shown, the lines of force will pas around the wire from…

Wire inside an incandescent light bulb that produces light.

Lighting Filament

Wire inside an incandescent light bulb that produces light.

"A fraise is a palisade horizontal, or nearly so, projecting from the scarp or counterscarp. A modern and better form consists of supports at 3 or 4 feet interval, connected by barbed wire, forming a horizontal wire fence." — Moss, 1914

Fraise

"A fraise is a palisade horizontal, or nearly so, projecting from the scarp or counterscarp. A modern…

"Wire-gage, a gage for measuring the thickness of wire and sheet-metal. It is usually a plate of steel having round the edge a series of notches of standard opening." -Whitney, 1911

Wire Gauge

"Wire-gage, a gage for measuring the thickness of wire and sheet-metal. It is usually a plate of steel…

"It is of gold plate, so thick as to require no "piping" at the back to sustain it; but in general the repoused examples have a piping of copper wire." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Gold Plate

"It is of gold plate, so thick as to require no "piping" at the back to sustain it; but in general the…

"Cut-out ground detector using lamps for a three wire circuit." —Croft 1920

Cutout Ground Detector for Three Wire Circuit

"Cut-out ground detector using lamps for a three wire circuit." —Croft 1920

"Lamp ground detector for a three-wire circuit." —Croft 1920

Ground Detector for Three-Wire Circuit

"Lamp ground detector for a three-wire circuit." —Croft 1920

A pair of hands, each holding a narrow bit of wire over a compass needle.

Hands with wires

A pair of hands, each holding a narrow bit of wire over a compass needle.

Wiring diagram of series control for dimming headlights.

Headlights

Wiring diagram of series control for dimming headlights.

One of the sets of vertical cords or wires in a loom, forming the principal part of the harness that guides the warp threads.

Wire Heddle

One of the sets of vertical cords or wires in a loom, forming the principal part of the harness that…

Wiring diagram of non-vibrator high-tension system.

High-Tension System

Wiring diagram of non-vibrator high-tension system.

A hand tool with a heatable tip; used to melt and apply solder

Soldering Iron

A hand tool with a heatable tip; used to melt and apply solder

"Has a large wire loop, with a coil to allow the expansion of the limb." — Baily, 1898

Tree label

"Has a large wire loop, with a coil to allow the expansion of the limb." — Baily, 1898

A line or cord about one hundred and fifty fathoms in length, used for ascertaining the speed of a vessel.

Log-line

A line or cord about one hundred and fifty fathoms in length, used for ascertaining the speed of a vessel.

"The coils of wire may begin near one pole of the magnet and terminate near the other, or the wire may consist of shorter pieces wound over each other, on any part of the magnet. In either case, the ends of the wire, where several pieces are used, must be soldered to two strips of tinned sheet copper, for the combined positive and negative poles of the wires. To form the magnet, these pieces of copper are made to commnicate with the poles of the battery, by means of cups containing mercury, as shown in the figure, or by any other method." —Comstock, 1850

Magnet

"The coils of wire may begin near one pole of the magnet and terminate near the other, or the wire may…

"Bring the two ends of the wire into contact, and thus close the circuit. The needle instantly flies around as though it was trying to place itself at right angles to the wire. Break the circuit, and the needle swings back to its north and south position. Twist the wires together, and bend the conductor into a loop so that the current passes above the needle in one direction and beneath the needle in the other direction. The deflection of the needle will be greater than before." — Avery, 1895

Needle, compass

"Bring the two ends of the wire into contact, and thus close the circuit. The needle instantly flies…

"Palisades should be planted to incline slightly to the front. As little earth should be disturbed in digging as possible, and one side of the trench should be kept in the desired plane fo the palisade." — Moss, 1914

Palisade

"Palisades should be planted to incline slightly to the front. As little earth should be disturbed in…

"The parting vessels are of porcelain which, to protect them against fracture by irregular heating, are covered with wire netting and plastered over with a mixture of clay and smithy scales. They are mounted in a frame and set loose in an iron pot with a hemispherical bottom, which is heated by a fire from below, the pot also serves to catch the contents of the porcelain vessel if the latter should be accidentally broken. The cover is perforated by a hole in the center for the passage of a lead pipe to carry off the sulphurous acid fumes." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Parting Vessel

"The parting vessels are of porcelain which, to protect them against fracture by irregular heating,…

"Firmly fasten one end of a piece of spring-brass wire, about No. 27 and about 1 m. long so that the wire hangs vertical. To the lower end of the wire fasten a weight of 75 or 100 g. To this weight attach a pointer so that it extends horizontally from the direction of the wire. Turn the weight througha considerable angle, thus twisting the wire. Release the weight, and notice the rapid movements of the pointer of the torsional pendulum." -Avery 1895

Torsional Pendulum

"Firmly fasten one end of a piece of spring-brass wire, about No. 27 and about 1 m. long so that the…

"Pincers used to cut wire." -Avery 1895

Pincers

"Pincers used to cut wire." -Avery 1895

A rod in a wire stirrup, suspended by a thread.

Rod in stirrup

A rod in a wire stirrup, suspended by a thread.

"A cartridge containing shot instead of a bullet, and intended to serve various purposes. a, paper case to which is fitted the brass base b, with a reinforcement of layers of paper, c, cemented together; d, cloth or felt wads; e, powder; f, shot; g, paper shot-wad, half as thick as one of the wads d; h, primer." —Whitney, 1889

Short Cartridge - Paper Case

"A cartridge containing shot instead of a bullet, and intended to serve various purposes. a, paper case…

"Interior mechanism of a spinet. A, Jack; B, tongue; C, quill; D, bristle; E, cloth damper; F, pivot; G, wire."—Finley, 1917

Interior mechanism of a spinet

"Interior mechanism of a spinet. A, Jack; B, tongue; C, quill; D, bristle; E, cloth damper; F, pivot;…

A revolving flower stand made of wire.

Novelty Revolving Stand

A revolving flower stand made of wire.

Tightrope walking is the art of walking along a thin wire or rope, usually at a great height. One or more artists performs in front of an audience or as a publicity stunt. Tightrope walkers sometimes use balancing poles and may perform the feat without a safety net for effect.

Wirewalking Toy

Tightrope walking is the art of walking along a thin wire or rope, usually at a great height. One or…

"Direction of the needle when placed at a right angle to the uniting wire." -Comstock 1850

Wire at Right Angle to the Uniting Wire

"Direction of the needle when placed at a right angle to the uniting wire." -Comstock 1850

"Uniting wire below the needle." -Comstock 1850

Uniting Wire Below the Needle

"Uniting wire below the needle." -Comstock 1850

"...with the uniting wire on the east side." -Comstock 1850

Wire on the East Side of the Uniting Wire

"...with the uniting wire on the east side." -Comstock 1850

"Direction of the needle when placed vertical next to the uniting wire." -Comstock 1850

Wire at the Vertical of the Uniting Wire

"Direction of the needle when placed vertical next to the uniting wire." -Comstock 1850

"Rotation of a Wheel. The same force which throws the wire away from the mercury, will cause the rotation of a spur-wheel. For this purpose the conducting wire, instead of being suspended, as in the former experiment, must be fixed firmly to the arm. A support for the axis of the wheel may be made by soldering a short piece to the side of the conducting wire, so as to make the form of a fork, the lower end of which must be flattened with a hammer, and pierced with fine orifices, o recieve the ends of the axis." —Comstock, 1850

Wheel Rotation

"Rotation of a Wheel. The same force which throws the wire away from the mercury, will cause the rotation…

A man beating the dust out of his carpet with a wire beater.

Wire Beater

A man beating the dust out of his carpet with a wire beater.

"In the high entanglement the stakes average 4 feet from the ground, and the wiring is horizontal and diagonal." — Moss, 1914

High wire entaglement

"In the high entanglement the stakes average 4 feet from the ground, and the wiring is horizontal and…

"An ordinary barbed-wire fence is a considerable obstacle if well swept by fire. It becomes more formidable if a ditch is dug on one or both sides to obstruct the passage of wheels after the fence has been cut." — Moss, 1914

Wire fence

"An ordinary barbed-wire fence is a considerable obstacle if well swept by fire. It becomes more formidable…

"Vibration of a wire. A conducting copper wire, w, is suspended by a loop from a hook of the same metal, which passes through the arm of metal or wood, as seen in the cut. The upper end of the hook terminates in the cup P, to contain mercury. The lower end of the copper wire just touched the mercury, Q, contained in a little trough about an inch long, formed in the wood on which the horseshoe magnet, M, is laid, the mercury being equally distant from the two poles. The cup, N, has a stem of wire which passes through the wood of the platform into the mercury, this end of the wire being tinned, or amalgamated, so as to form a perfect contact." —Comstock, 1850

Wire Vibration

"Vibration of a wire. A conducting copper wire, w, is suspended by a loop from a hook of the same metal,…