"Fore-limb of Acipenser." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Acipenser

"Fore-limb of Acipenser." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

An illustration of an alder branch.

Alder Branch

An illustration of an alder branch.

The skeleton of the arm and leg. Labels: H, the humerus; Cd, its articular head which fits into the glenoid fossa of the scapula; U, the ulna; R, the radius; O, the olecranon; Fe, the femur; P, the patella; Fi, the fibula; T, the tibia.

Arm and Leg Skeleton

The skeleton of the arm and leg. Labels: H, the humerus; Cd, its articular head which fits into the…

"The bones of the arm. a, humerus; b, ulna; c, radius; d, the carpus; e, the fifth metacarpal; f, the three phalanges of the fifth digit (little finger)." —Martin, 1917

Arm Bones

"The bones of the arm. a, humerus; b, ulna; c, radius; d, the carpus; e, the fifth metacarpal; f, the…

"Roller Bandage. Bandage, a surgical wrapper of some kind applied to a limb or other portion of the body to keep parts in position, exert a pressure, or for other purpose." -Vaughan, 1906

Roller Bandage

"Roller Bandage. Bandage, a surgical wrapper of some kind applied to a limb or other portion of the…

An illustration of a beech branch.

Beech Branch

An illustration of a beech branch.

"Fore-limb of Ceratodus." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Ceratodus

"Fore-limb of Ceratodus." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

A corolla with a very short tube and a spreading limb.

Rotate Corolla

A corolla with a very short tube and a spreading limb.

A late, slow fruiting, unproductive type of cotton plant, with high fruit limbs and long joints. Leaves removed.

Unfruitful Cotton Plant

A late, slow fruiting, unproductive type of cotton plant, with high fruit limbs and long joints. Leaves…

"This image gives a good idea of how these drawf trees are to be manipulated, a showing the first year's development from the maiden tree after being headed back, and b the form assumed a year or two later." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Dwarf-Tree Pruning

"This image gives a good idea of how these drawf trees are to be manipulated, a showing the first year's…

An illustration of an elm branch.

Elm Branch

An illustration of an elm branch.

"Training en quenouille." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

En Quenouille

"Training en quenouille." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"Fan Training." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Fan Training

"Fan Training." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"Pruning for a Fan-Shaped Tree." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Fan-Shaped Pruning

"Pruning for a Fan-Shaped Tree." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"Pruning for a Fan-Shaped Tree, Third Year." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Fan-Shaped Pruning

"Pruning for a Fan-Shaped Tree, Third Year." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"Pruning for a Fan-Shaped Tree, Fourth Year." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Fan-Shaped Pruning

"Pruning for a Fan-Shaped Tree, Fourth Year." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"Pruning for Horizontally-Trained Tree." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Horizontal Shaped Pruning

"Pruning for Horizontally-Trained Tree." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"Pruning for Horizontally-Trained Tree, Third Year." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Horizontal Shaped Pruning

"Pruning for Horizontally-Trained Tree, Third Year." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"Pruning for Horizontally-Trained Tree, Fifth Year." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Horizontal Shaped Pruning

"Pruning for Horizontally-Trained Tree, Fifth Year." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"Horizontal Training." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Horizontal Training

"Horizontal Training." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"Forms of Horizontal Training." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Horizontal Training

"Forms of Horizontal Training." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

An illustration of the hornbeam branch.

Hornbeam Branch

An illustration of the hornbeam branch.

An illustration of a horse chestnut shot.

Horse Chestnut Shoot

An illustration of a horse chestnut shot.

Longitudinal section through the digit of a horse. Labels: 1, skin; 2, extensor pedis tendon; 3, synovial capsule of patern joint; 4, metacarpus; 5, perforatus tendon; 6 (omitted in cut), perforans tendon; 7, synovial sheath; 8, projecting synovial cul-de-sac; 9, inner aspect of sesamoid bone; 10, the fetlock; 11, the y-ligament; 12, the v-ligament; 12, proximal phalanx; 14, terminal portion of extensor tendon; 15, median phalanx; 16, third sesamoid or navicular bone; 17, the sensitive frog; 18, distal phalanx; 19, the hoof; 20, sensitive laminae.

Section Through the Horse Leg and Hoof

Longitudinal section through the digit of a horse. Labels: 1, skin; 2, extensor pedis tendon; 3, synovial…

"Argent, a leg erased at the midst of the thigh gules. ERASED. Signifies any thing torn or plucked off from the part to which nature affixed it; generally applied to the head and limbs of man or beast." -Hall, 1862

Leg Erased

"Argent, a leg erased at the midst of the thigh gules. ERASED. Signifies any thing torn or plucked off…

An illustration of an linden branch.

Linden Branch

An illustration of an linden branch.

"Mercury manometer for recording blood-pressure. d g, glass U-tube partly filled with mercury. In one limb is borne a float, e, bearing a recording device f; the other limb is filled with a suitable liquid and connected water-tight with the heart end of a divided artery b, by means of glass connection a. Changes in the mercury level indicated changes of arterial pressure." —Martin, 1917

Manometer

"Mercury manometer for recording blood-pressure. d g, glass U-tube partly filled with mercury. In one…

"Modified Fan Training." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Modified Fan Training

"Modified Fan Training." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Muscles of the anterior limb-external view. Labels: a, antea-spinatus; b, postea-spinatus; c, teres externus; d, caput magnum; e, caput medium; f, flexor brachii; g, extensor metacarpi magnus; h, extensor metacarpi obliquus; i, flexor metacarpi externus; k, extensor pedis; k', its tendon; k", fibrous band from the suspensory ligament; l, extensor suffraginis; l', its tendon.

Horse Leg Muscles

Muscles of the anterior limb-external view. Labels: a, antea-spinatus; b, postea-spinatus; c, teres…

Muscles of the anterior limb-internal view. Labels: a, subscapularis; b, teres internus; c, coracohumeralis; d, scapulo-ulnaris; e, flexor metacarpi internus; f, flexor metacarpi medius; g, caput parvum.

Horse Leg Muscles

Muscles of the anterior limb-internal view. Labels: a, subscapularis; b, teres internus; c, coracohumeralis;…

External view of the muscles of the anterior limb-showing the deeper ones of the upper region. Labels: a, posteaspinatus minor; b, deep portion of the postea-spinatus; c, flexor brachii divided and the upper part raised; c', its tendon, which fits the cicipital groove; d, humeralis obliquus; e, anconeus; f, extensor pedis; g, Thiernesse's muscles; h, Phillips' muscle; h', its tendon.

Horse Leg Muscles

External view of the muscles of the anterior limb-showing the deeper ones of the upper region. Labels:…

Internal view of the deep muscles of the anterior limb. Labels: a, caput parvum of triceps extensor brachii; b, flexor pedis perforatus; b' its tendon; b", slips to the phalanges; c, flexor pedis perforans; c', radialis accesorius; c', ulnaris accesorius; c"', inferior check ligament; d, perforans tendon leaving the sheath of perforatus tendon.

Horse Leg Muscles

Internal view of the deep muscles of the anterior limb. Labels: a, caput parvum of triceps extensor…

An illustration of an oak branch.

Oak Branch

An illustration of an oak branch.

"Some plants, like pelargoniums, can only be kept handsomely formed and well furnished by cutting them down severely every season, after the blooming is over. The plants should be prepared for this by keeping them rather dry at the root, and after cutting they must stand with little or no water till the stems heal over, and produce yound shoots, or "break," as it is technically termed." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Pelargoniums

"Some plants, like pelargoniums, can only be kept handsomely formed and well furnished by cutting them…

"With an ubrupt termination"-Whitney, 1902

Pinnate Leaf

"With an ubrupt termination"-Whitney, 1902

"Comparison of the sixth prosomatic limb of a recent scorpion (B), of Palaeophonus (C), and of Limulus (A), showing their agreement in the number of segments; in the existence of a movable spine, Sp, at the distal border of the fifth segment; in the correspondence of the two claws at the free end of the limb of Scorpio with two spines similarly placed in Limulus; and, lastly, in the correspondence of the three talon-like spines carried on the distal margin of segment six of recent scorpions with the four larger but similarly situated spines of the leg of Limulus; s, groove dividing the ankylosed segments 4 and 5 of the Limulus leg into two." — The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Prosomatic Limb

"Comparison of the sixth prosomatic limb of a recent scorpion (B), of Palaeophonus (C), and of Limulus…

"The nature of the cut itself in pruning is of more consequence, especially in the case of fruit trees, than at first signt may appear. The branches should be separated by a clean cut at an angle of abouot 45 degrees, just at the back of a bud, the cut entering on a level with the base of the bud and passing out on a level with its top, for when cut in this way the wound becomes rapidly covered with new wood, as soon as growth recommences, whereas if the cut is too close the bud is starved, or if less close an ugly and awkward snag is left." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Pruning

"The nature of the cut itself in pruning is of more consequence, especially in the case of fruit trees,…

"The nature of the cut itself in pruning is of more consequence, especially in the case of fruit trees, than at first signt may appear. The branches should be separated by a clean cut at an angle of abouot 45 degrees, just at the back of a bud, the cut entering on a level with the base of the bud and passing out on a level with its top, for when cut in this way the wound becomes rapidly covered with new wood, as soon as growth recommences, whereas if the cut is too close the bud is starved, or if less close an ugly and awkward snag is left." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Pruning

"The nature of the cut itself in pruning is of more consequence, especially in the case of fruit trees,…

"The nature of the cut itself in pruning is of more consequence, especially in the case of fruit trees, than at first signt may appear. The branches should be separated by a clean cut at an angle of abouot 45 degrees, just at the back of a bud, the cut entering on a level with the base of the bud and passing out on a level with its top, for when cut in this way the wound becomes rapidly covered with new wood, as soon as growth recommences, whereas if the cut is too close the bud is starved, or if less close an ugly and awkward snag is left." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Pruning

"The nature of the cut itself in pruning is of more consequence, especially in the case of fruit trees,…

"The nature of the cut itself in pruning is of more consequence, especially in the case of fruit trees, than at first signt may appear. The branches should be separated by a clean cut at an angle of abouot 45 degrees, just at the back of a bud, the cut entering on a level with the base of the bud and passing out on a level with its top, for when cut in this way the wound becomes rapidly covered with new wood, as soon as growth recommences, whereas if the cut is too close the bud is starved, or if less close an ugly and awkward snag is left." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Pruning

"The nature of the cut itself in pruning is of more consequence, especially in the case of fruit trees,…

"The nature of the cut itself in pruning is of more consequence, especially in the case of fruit trees, than at first signt may appear. The branches should be separated by a clean cut at an angle of abouot 45 degrees, just at the back of a bud, the cut entering on a level with the base of the bud and passing out on a level with its top, for when cut in this way the wound becomes rapidly covered with new wood, as soon as growth recommences, whereas if the cut is too close the bud is starved, or if less close an ugly and awkward snag is left." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Pruning

"The nature of the cut itself in pruning is of more consequence, especially in the case of fruit trees,…

"The nature of the cut itself in pruning is of more consequence, especially in the case of fruit trees, than at first signt may appear. The branches should be separated by a clean cut at an angle of abouot 45 degrees, just at the back of a bud, the cut entering on a level with the base of the bud and passing out on a level with its top, for when cut in this way the wound becomes rapidly covered with new wood, as soon as growth recommences, whereas if the cut is too close the bud is starved, or if less close an ugly and awkward snag is left." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Pruning

"The nature of the cut itself in pruning is of more consequence, especially in the case of fruit trees,…

"a shows a young tree with its second year's growth, the upright shoot of the maiden tree having been moderately headed back, being left longer if the buds near the base promise to break freely, or cut shorter if they are weak and wanting in vigour. The winter pruning, carried out with the view to shape the tree into a well-grown pyramid, would be effected at the places marked by a cross line." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Pyramid Pruning

"a shows a young tree with its second year's growth, the upright shoot of the maiden tree having been…

"Pyramidal Training." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Pyramidal Training

"Pyramidal Training." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"A bent tube with one limb longer than the other, by means of which a liquid can be drawn off to a lower level over the side of a vessel or other point higher than the upper surface of the liquid."—Finley, 1917

Siphon

"A bent tube with one limb longer than the other, by means of which a liquid can be drawn off to a lower…

"The skeleton of the trunk and the limb arches seen from the front. C, clavicle; S, scapula; Oc, innominate bone attached to the side of the sacrum dorsally and meeting its fellow at the pubic symphysis in the ventral median line." —Martin, 1917

Skeletal Trunk

"The skeleton of the trunk and the limb arches seen from the front. C, clavicle; S, scapula; Oc, innominate…

A stick.

Stick

A stick.

"Summer Pruning should be performed while the shoots are yet young and succulent, so that they may be in most cases be nipped off with the thumb-nail. It is very necessary in the case of trees trained to a flat surface, as a wall or espalier rail, to prevent undue crowding. In some cases, as, for example, with peaches, the superfluous shoots are wholly removed, and certain selected shoots reserved to supply bearing wood for the next year." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Summer Pruning

"Summer Pruning should be performed while the shoots are yet young and succulent, so that they may be…

"Summer Pruning should be performed while the shoots are yet young and succulent, so that they may be in most cases be nipped off with the thumb-nail. It is very necessary in the case of trees trained to a flat surface, as a wall or espalier rail, to prevent undue crowding. In some cases, as, for example, with peaches, the superfluous shoots are wholly removed, and certain selected shoots reserved to supply bearing wood for the next year." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Summer Pruning

"Summer Pruning should be performed while the shoots are yet young and succulent, so that they may be…

Tendons and ligaments of the left anterior extremity of ox, viewed from external side. Labels: a, flexor perforatus tendon; a', its superficial; a", its deep branch; b, interosseus metacarpeus; c, flexor perforans tendon; d-d", e-e"', superior suspensory ligament and attachments; d, anterior division; e', e", branches forming superior ligaments of small claw; e'". inferior ligament of small claw; f, common annular ligament; g, g', superior and inferior special annular ligaments; h, interdigital ligament; i, i', tendon of the extensor proprius externus.

Tendons and Ligaments of Ox Leg

Tendons and ligaments of the left anterior extremity of ox, viewed from external side. Labels: a, flexor…

Inside of the broken limb, showing the decay that entered.

Inside the Tree Limb

Inside of the broken limb, showing the decay that entered.

The decayed hole where a limb was removed. The wood-destroying fungi caused the tree to break.

A Hole in a Tree

The decayed hole where a limb was removed. The wood-destroying fungi caused the tree to break.

A long stub left in pruning. The wound cannot heal. The tape shows how far the trunk is hollow. The tree will soon blow over.

Stub of a Limb of a Tree

A long stub left in pruning. The wound cannot heal. The tape shows how far the trunk is hollow. The…

"Fore limbs of vertebrates showing similarity of structure. <em>A</em>, salamander; <em>B</em>, turtle; <em>C</em>, very young bird; <em>D</em>, adult bird; <em>E</em>, dog; <em>F</em>, man." &mdash; Davison, 1906

Forearms of vertebrates

"Fore limbs of vertebrates showing similarity of structure. A, salamander; B, turtle;…

An illustration of a willow branch.

Willow Branch

An illustration of a willow branch.