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Roots aid in support and nutrition for the plant. This is a bulbous root from an onion.

Root

Roots aid in support and nutrition for the plant. This is a bulbous root from an onion.

Russian fair at Novorod.

Novorod

Russian fair at Novorod.

Garlic is a perennial plant allied to the onion. Garlic is composed of a stalk, flower, bulb, and clove.

Garlic

Garlic is a perennial plant allied to the onion. Garlic is composed of a stalk, flower, bulb, and clove.

A culinary plant, and its bulbous root, much used as an article of food.

Onion

A culinary plant, and its bulbous root, much used as an article of food.

An edible bulb, produced by a biennial herb of the lily family. The plant has tubulated leaves, a pithy stalk bearing the seed, and the bulb has a strong odor and taste due to an acrid volatile oil that is destroyed by boiling.

Onion

An edible bulb, produced by a biennial herb of the lily family. The plant has tubulated leaves, a pithy…

This illustration shows the shortened types of stems: A, corm of jack-in-the-pulpit. At left surface view showing lateral buds, roots and sheathing leaf arising from top of shortened stem. At right sectional view with folded leaf, l, in bud at apex stem. B, bulb type of shortened stems. At left bulb of onion showing the ensheathing leaves which are swollen at their bases with food, thus forming the bulb. At right, section of a bulb of hyacinth showing the fleshy leaves attached to the very short stem and in the center of the bulb a flower cluster.

Onion

This illustration shows the shortened types of stems: A, corm of jack-in-the-pulpit. At left surface…

This is an illustration of crystals from the base of an onion, one of them a hemitrope or double.

Onion Magnified

This is an illustration of crystals from the base of an onion, one of them a hemitrope or double.

This illustration shows a section of a tunicated bulb of the onion.

Onion

This illustration shows a section of a tunicated bulb of the onion.

Bunch onions grown from seed of the Italian type.

Onion

Bunch onions grown from seed of the Italian type.

Section of an Onion-seed, showing the slender and the coiled embryo in the albumen.

Onion Seed

Section of an Onion-seed, showing the slender and the coiled embryo in the albumen.

Four cells from dried Onion-peel, each holding a crystal of different shape, one of them twinned.

Onion-Peel

Four cells from dried Onion-peel, each holding a crystal of different shape, one of them twinned.

Concentric layers, similar to those of an onion, will be noticed, arranged around a central nucleus, sometimes of ice and sometimes of snow, through generally the latter. The stones are more or less oblately spheroidal in shape. Their general weight varies from a few grains to several ounces, but they have been known to way several pounds.

Structure of a Hailstone

Concentric layers, similar to those of an onion, will be noticed, arranged around a central nucleus,…

Seed of an onion, in an early germination stage.

Onion-seed

Seed of an onion, in an early germination stage.

Germinating onion, morre advanced; the chink at base of cotyledon opening for the protrusion of the plumule, consisting of a thread-shaped leaf.

Onion

Germinating onion, morre advanced; the chink at base of cotyledon opening for the protrusion of the…

Section of the base of germinating onion, showing plumule enclosed.

Onion

Section of the base of germinating onion, showing plumule enclosed.

Section of the base of germinating onion, showing plumule emerging.

Onion

Section of the base of germinating onion, showing plumule emerging.

Later stage of germinating onion, upper part cut off.

Onion

Later stage of germinating onion, upper part cut off.

The onion-maggot; larva.

Onion Maggot

The onion-maggot; larva.

The onion-maggot; pupa.

Onion Maggot

The onion-maggot; pupa.

The onion-maggot; adult.

Onion Maggot

The onion-maggot; adult.

The onion-maggot; section of an infested onion from the onion-maggot.

Onion Maggot

The onion-maggot; section of an infested onion from the onion-maggot.

A Mediterranean plant with bulbs used for medicinal purposes.

Squill

A Mediterranean plant with bulbs used for medicinal purposes.

Thrips tabaci is a pest to onion crops. "a, adult; b, antenna of same; c, young larva; d, full grown larva." -Department of Agriculture, 1899

Thrips Tabaci

Thrips tabaci is a pest to onion crops. "a, adult; b, antenna of same; c, young larva; d, full grown…

"A, embryonic cells from onion root tip; d, plasmatic membrane; c, cytoplasm; a, nuclear membrane enclosing the thread-like nuclear reticulum; b, nucleolus; e, plastids (black dots scattered about)." -Stevens, 1916

Onion Cells

"A, embryonic cells from onion root tip; d, plasmatic membrane; c, cytoplasm; a, nuclear membrane enclosing…

"B, older (onion) cells farther back from the root tip. The cytoplasm is becoming vacuolate; f, vacuole." -Stevens, 1916

Onion Cells

"B, older (onion) cells farther back from the root tip. The cytoplasm is becoming vacuolate; f, vacuole."…

In onion cells: "C, a cell from the epidermis of the mid-rib of Tradescantia zebrina, in its natural condition on the right, and plasmolyzed by salt solution on the left; g, space left by the recedence of the cytoplasm from the wall; the plasma membrane can now be seen as a delicate membrane bounding the shrunken protoplast." -Stevens, 1916

T. Zebrina Cell

In onion cells: "C, a cell from the epidermis of the mid-rib of Tradescantia zebrina, in its natural…

"Longitudinal section of an onion leaf. sca, thickened base of leaf, forming a bulb-scale; s, thin sheath of leaf; bl, blade of leaf; int, hollow interior of blade." -Bergen, 1896

Onion Leaf

"Longitudinal section of an onion leaf. sca, thickened base of leaf, forming a bulb-scale; s, thin sheath…

"Tulip bulb; longitudinal section. F, solid stem; B, flower bud; S, leaf-bases serving as bud-scales, and also for the storage of plant food." -Gager, 1916

Tulip Bulb

"Tulip bulb; longitudinal section. F, solid stem; B, flower bud; S, leaf-bases serving as bud-scales,…

"a.-- Truncated bulb of onion; b.-- onion leaf dissected off; c.-- bulb of lily. Bulb, a modified leaf-bud, formed on a plant upon or beneath the surface of the ground, emitting roots from its base, and producing a stem from its center." -Vaughan, 1906

Various Bulbs

"a.-- Truncated bulb of onion; b.-- onion leaf dissected off; c.-- bulb of lily. Bulb, a modified leaf-bud,…

"A hardy biennial plant, producing an oblong bulb, or stalk, which has the flavor of an onion, and is used principally for flavoring soups and stews."—Rawson, 1892

London Flag Leek

"A hardy biennial plant, producing an oblong bulb, or stalk, which has the flavor of an onion, and is…

A dry onion that has a pure white skin and a sweet, mild white flesh.

White Onion

A dry onion that has a pure white skin and a sweet, mild white flesh.

A traditional yellow onion.

Danvers Thick Yellow

A traditional yellow onion.

The larva of the onion fly are maggots or footless grubs. Many live in the interior of roots, stems, or leaves of plants.

Larva and Chrysalis of the Onion Fly

The larva of the onion fly are maggots or footless grubs. Many live in the interior of roots, stems,…

Deep blood-red onions have bulbs of medium size. The inner part is pure white. The outer coats vary in color from dull to deep, glossy red. This onion has a very strong flavor.

Deep Blood-Red Onions

Deep blood-red onions have bulbs of medium size. The inner part is pure white. The outer coats vary…

Early white Naples onions are an early form of the silver skinned section. The little bulbs are produced in early spring.

Early White Naples Onions

Early white Naples onions are an early form of the silver skinned section. The little bulbs are produced…

The James's keeping onion has a pear shape. It is one of the longest keeping varieties of onion.

James's Keeping Onion

The James's keeping onion has a pear shape. It is one of the longest keeping varieties of onion.

The Naples giant rocca onion has a roundish, large bulb. The flesh is thick and white.

Naples Giant Rocca Onion

The Naples giant rocca onion has a roundish, large bulb. The flesh is thick and white.

Trebons onions have large bulbs that taper to the stalk or neck. The flesh is pale and soft.

Trebons Onions

Trebons onions have large bulbs that taper to the stalk or neck. The flesh is pale and soft.

The queen onion is a small and very early variety of the silver-skinned section. The bulbs are very small but firm and solid. The skin is thin and silvery white.

Queen Onions

The queen onion is a small and very early variety of the silver-skinned section. The bulbs are very…

The white Spanish onion has large bulbs that are somewhat flattened. The base is broad and sometimes a little hollow and uneven. The skin is a pale straw color.

White Spanish Onions

The white Spanish onion has large bulbs that are somewhat flattened. The base is broad and sometimes…

The yellow danvers onion has medium sized bulbs with a small base. The neck is fine and slender. The flesh is very firm.

Yellow Danvers Onion

The yellow danvers onion has medium sized bulbs with a small base. The neck is fine and slender. The…

Onion flies are similar to common houseflies in appearance. The larva burrow into onions and eat near the base, destroying the onion.

Onion Fly, Larva, and Pupa

Onion flies are similar to common houseflies in appearance. The larva burrow into onions and eat near…

Pictured is a section of an onion attacked by the larvae of the onion fly. The burrow of the larva is towards the base of the onion. The entire development of an onion fly attack is four to six weeks.

Larvae of Onion Fly

Pictured is a section of an onion attacked by the larvae of the onion fly. The burrow of the larva is…

The common name of <i>Allium fistulosum</i> is welsh onion. It has no distinct bulb, but only an enlarged base or crown. The leaves are usually clustered.

Allium Fistulosum

The common name of Allium fistulosum is welsh onion. It has no distinct bulb, but only an enlarged base…

Pictured is an onion in flower. The flowers bloom in early summer.

Onion

Pictured is an onion in flower. The flowers bloom in early summer.

Welsh onion is the common name of <i>allium distulosum</i>. It is a cultivated species.

Welsh Onion

Welsh onion is the common name of allium distulosum. It is a cultivated species.

Leek is the common name of <i>allium porrum</i>. It is in the onion family.

Leek

Leek is the common name of allium porrum. It is in the onion family.

Chive is an herb and part of the onion family. Chive is the common name of <i>allium schoenoprasum</i>.

Chive

Chive is an herb and part of the onion family. Chive is the common name of allium schoenoprasum.

Pictured are bunches of onions from the early spring sowing.

Bunch Onions

Pictured are bunches of onions from the early spring sowing.

Pictured are several forms of onion: (1) flat, (2) long globe, (3) globe, (4) oblong, and (5) oblate.

Forms of Onion

Pictured are several forms of onion: (1) flat, (2) long globe, (3) globe, (4) oblong, and (5) oblate.

Top onions are also called bulblets. The leading top onions are white and red.

Top Onions

Top onions are also called bulblets. The leading top onions are white and red.

Pictured is a multiplier onion and a section of multiplier onion. Multiplier onions contain two or more "hearts" or cores.

Multiplier Onion

Pictured is a multiplier onion and a section of multiplier onion. Multiplier onions contain two or more…

A leek, which is a plant resembling an onion.

Leek

A leek, which is a plant resembling an onion.