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"Spermatozoa of domestic cock, greatly magnified." The spermatozoam or seminal animalcules, or male Dynamamaebae (figs. 106, 107), are the exact counterparts of ovarian ova, in so far as they are single-celled animals of a very low grade of organization; but their activity and intelligence is marvelousm and still more so is the mysterious attribute with which they are endowed of assimilating their protoplasmic substance with that of the ovum; with the result that thus fecundated ovum is capable of procreating itself by fission for a period until a mass of similar creates in engendered; from which mass is then speedily evolved the complex body the bird." Elliot Coues, 1884

Rooster Seman

"Spermatozoa of domestic cock, greatly magnified." The spermatozoam or seminal animalcules, or male…

"Spermatozoa of domestic cock, greatly magnified." The spermatozoam or seminal animalcules, or male Dynamamaebae (figs. 106, 107), are the exact counterparts of ovarian ova, in so far as they are single-celled animals of a very low grade of organization; but their activity and intelligence is marvelousm and still more so is the mysterious attribute with which they are endowed of assimilating their protoplasmic substance with that of the ovum; with the result that thus fecundated ovum is capable of procreating itself by fission for a period until a mass of similar creates in engendered; from which mass is then speedily evolved the complex body the bird." Elliot Coues, 1884

Sparrow Seman

"Spermatozoa of domestic cock, greatly magnified." The spermatozoam or seminal animalcules, or male…

"Oldest known ornithological treatise, illustrating also the art of lithography in the Jurassic period, engraved by Archaeopteryx Lithographica. From the original slab in the British Museum." Elliot Coues, 1884

Archaeopteryx Lithographica

"Oldest known ornithological treatise, illustrating also the art of lithography in the Jurassic period,…

Solutions for silhouette outlines of animals (bear, kangaroo, camel, giraffe) made from tangram pieces. Tangrams, invented by the Chinese, are used to develop geometric thinking and spatial sense. 7 figures consisting of triangles, squares, and parallelograms are used to construct the given shapes.

Animals Silhouette Solution Tangram Card

Solutions for silhouette outlines of animals (bear, kangaroo, camel, giraffe) made from tangram pieces.…

Solutions for silhouette outlines of animals (fox, rabbit, cat) made from tangram pieces. Tangrams, invented by the Chinese, are used to develop geometric thinking and spatial sense. 7 figures consisting of triangles, squares, and parallelograms are used to construct the given shapes.

Animals Silhouette Solution Tangram Card #2

Solutions for silhouette outlines of animals (fox, rabbit, cat) made from tangram pieces. Tangrams,…

Solutions for silhouette outlines of birds (duck, swan, turkey vulture, cormorant, and egret) made from tangram pieces. Tangrams, invented by the Chinese, are used to develop geometric thinking and spatial sense. 7 figures consisting of triangles, squares, and parallelograms are used to construct the given shapes.

Birds Silhouette Solution Tangram Card

Solutions for silhouette outlines of birds (duck, swan, turkey vulture, cormorant, and egret) made from…

Solutions for silhouette outlines of sea animals (sea monster, dolphin, sea turtle, stingray) made from tangram pieces. Tangrams, invented by the Chinese, are used to develop geometric thinking and spatial sense. 7 figures consisting of triangles, squares, and parallelograms are used to construct the given shapes.

Sea Animals Silhouette Solution Tangram Card

Solutions for silhouette outlines of sea animals (sea monster, dolphin, sea turtle, stingray) made from…

A hairbrush is a stick brush with rigid bristles used in hair care for brushing ,styling, and detangling human hair, or for brushing as domestic animals fur.

Hairbrush Backface

A hairbrush is a stick brush with rigid bristles used in hair care for brushing ,styling, and detangling…

The first reference to an elevator is in the works of the Roman architect Vitruvius, who reported that Archimedes built his first elevator, probably in 236 BC. In some literary sources of later historical periods, elevators were mentioned as cabs on a hemp rope and powered by hand or by animals. It is supposed that elevators of this type were installed in the Sinai monastery of Egypt.

Elevating Apparatus

The first reference to an elevator is in the works of the Roman architect Vitruvius, who reported that…

A horseshoe is a U-shaped item made of metal or of modern synthetic materials, nailed or glued to the hooves of horses and some other draught animals. Like a shoe on a human, it is used to protect the animal's feet from wear and tear. Professional horseshoers, also called farriers or blacksmiths (more commonly used in the UK), attach horseshoes on the pal mar surface of the hoof, usually by nailing through the insensitive hoof wall, which is anatomically similar to the human toenail, though much larger and thicker.

Horseshoe

A horseshoe is a U-shaped item made of metal or of modern synthetic materials, nailed or glued to the…

Tack is a term used to describe any of the various equipment and accessories worn by horses in the course of their use as domesticated animals. Saddles, stirrups, bridles, halters, reins, bits, harnesses, martingale, and breastplates are all forms of horse tack. Equipping a horse is often referred to as tacking up.

Safety Rein

Tack is a term used to describe any of the various equipment and accessories worn by horses in the course…

A horseshoe is a U-shaped item made of metal or of modern synthetic materials, nailed or glued to the hooves of horses and some other draught animals. Like a shoe on a human, it is used to protect the animal's feet from wear and tear. Professional horseshoers, also called farriers or blacksmiths, attach horseshoes on the palmar surface of the hoof, usually by nailing through the insensitive hoof wall, which is anatomically similar to the human toenail, though much larger and thicker

Horseshoe Calk

A horseshoe is a U-shaped item made of metal or of modern synthetic materials, nailed or glued to the…

A road vehicle like this one is a mechanical means of conveyance, a carriage or transport. Vehicles may be propelled or pulled by engines or animals including humans, for instance, a chariot, a stagecoach, a mule-drawn barge, an ox-cart or rickshaw. However, animals on their own, though used as a means of transport, are not called vehicles, but rather beasts of burden or draft animals. This distinction includes humans carrying another human, for example a child or a disabled person.

Road Vehicle

A road vehicle like this one is a mechanical means of conveyance, a carriage or transport. Vehicles…

A horse harness is a type of horse tack that allows a horse or other equine to pull various horse-drawn vehicles such as a carriage, wagon or sleigh. Harnesses may also be used to hitch animals to other loads such as a plow or canal boat.

Original Use Horse Harness

A horse harness is a type of horse tack that allows a horse or other equine to pull various horse-drawn…

This is a detachable harness type of horse tack that allows a horse or other equine to pull various horse-drawn vehicles such as a carriage, wagon or sleigh. Harnesses may also be used to hitch animals to other loads such as a plow or canal boat.

Horse Detaching Harness

This is a detachable harness type of horse tack that allows a horse or other equine to pull various…

A hay rake is an agricultural rake used to collect cut hay into windrows for later collection. It is also designed to fluff up the hay and turn it over so that it may dry. A hay rake may be mechanized, drawn by a tractor or draft animals, or it may be a hand tool.

Horse Hay Rake

A hay rake is an agricultural rake used to collect cut hay into windrows for later collection. It is…

This animal trap is the use of a device to remotely catch an animal. Animals may be trapped for a variety of reasons which may include wildlife management, pest control, or other reasons.

Animal Trap

This animal trap is the use of a device to remotely catch an animal. Animals may be trapped for a variety…

Trapping also relates to the use of traps to catch animals for a variety of other purposes, most usually for food or pest control.

Animal Trap

Trapping also relates to the use of traps to catch animals for a variety of other purposes, most usually…

Food or other lure placed on a hook or in a trap and used in the taking of fish, birds, or other animals.

Fish Bait

Food or other lure placed on a hook or in a trap and used in the taking of fish, birds, or other animals.

A bin or boxlike device from which farm animals may eat, esp. such a device designed to allow a number of chickens to feed simultaneously or to release a specific amount of feed at regular intervals.

Poultry Drink Feeder

A bin or boxlike device from which farm animals may eat, esp. such a device designed to allow a number…

A bin or boxlike device from which farm animals may eat, esp. such a device designed to allow a number of chickens to feed simultaneously or to release a specific amount of feed at regular intervals.

Combination Fountain Feeder

A bin or boxlike device from which farm animals may eat, esp. such a device designed to allow a number…

This illustration features several toy figures shaped after animals.

Toy Figure

This illustration features several toy figures shaped after animals.

The animal life of Assyria was extremely varied. This image depicts a mule from this area.

Assyrian Mule

The animal life of Assyria was extremely varied. This image depicts a mule from this area.

"The wind has blown the gate quite open wide; / To shut it, no one will step aside: / 'I have no business with another's gate,' / So thus the selfish man will surely prate: / An open gate, the cattle soon find out, / And trample in with hogs who root about; / A motley drove now wander o'er the ground, / And desolation, is seen around."—Barber, 1857

What is Everybody's Business is Nobody's Business

"The wind has blown the gate quite open wide; / To shut it, no one will step aside: / 'I have no business…

Rocky Mountain Locust. A) female in different positions, B) egg sac, C) loose eggs, D) and E) earth removed to show egg-mass already in placed and about to be placed, F) where an egg-mass has been covered up

Rocky Mountain Locust

Rocky Mountain Locust. A) female in different positions, B) egg sac, C) loose eggs, D) and E) earth…

The female locust anal characters, showing the horny valves.

Female Locust Anatomy

The female locust anal characters, showing the horny valves.

Enlarged end of the female, showing oviposition: the oviduct, the egg guide, and the egg issuing from horny valves.

Locust Anatomy

Enlarged end of the female, showing oviposition: the oviduct, the egg guide, and the egg issuing from…

The egg of the Rocky mountain locust.

Locust egg

The egg of the Rocky mountain locust.

A wild donkey. Historically, these animals were considered more graceful than their domestic counterparts. They assembled in large herds and were considered both shy and vigilant.

Wild Donkey

A wild donkey. Historically, these animals were considered more graceful than their domestic counterparts.…

A gadfly, or Bot-fly, that lays its eggs on horses. After these eggs hatch on the skin, the larvae bore into the skin and create tumors ('warbles') beneath it. When fully fed, they leave their host and drop to the ground, bury themselves, and, after pupation, emerge as flies. This illustration is enlarged, and also shows the larvae.

Gadfly of Horse

A gadfly, or Bot-fly, that lays its eggs on horses. After these eggs hatch on the skin, the larvae bore…

This illustration shows a transverse section of a worm with external gills. Gills are the breathing organs of aquatic animals.

Gills (worm)

This illustration shows a transverse section of a worm with external gills. Gills are the breathing…

Jungle-fowl is a general name given to the members of the genus Gallus. The red jungle-fowl, G. jerrugineus, is the origin of the domesticated breeds of poultry. It inhabits India, Farther India, Sumatra, the Philippines, Celebes, and Timor, and strongly resembles the 'black-breasted game' variety of domesticated birds, with its fine orange or purplish-red upper surface, and greenish-black wings, tail, and under surface. Though excessively pugnacious in the wild state, polygamy is stated to be then rare. Three other species of jungle-fowl are known: the gray jungle-fowl of S. Central, and W. India (G. Sonnerati), G. Lafayettii of Ceylon, and G. varius of Java, Lombok, and Flores; but all these are stated to be sterile when mated with the common fowl.

Jungle-fowl

Jungle-fowl is a general name given to the members of the genus Gallus. The red jungle-fowl, G. jerrugineus,…

A lamprey is an animal which, though often regarded as a fish, differs from a fish in the absence of paired fins and scales, in the rounded suctorial mouth without supporting jaws, in the presence of gill-pockets in place of the gills of fish, as well as in numerous internal peculiarities. In consequence, the lamprey and the related hag are placed in a distinct class known as cyclostomes, or round mouths. the body is elongated and eel-like, its most conspicuous feature being the seven slits on either side of the neck which communicate with the gill-pockets. The mouth resembles that of the hag in the presence of a muscular rasp known as the tongue. The food consists of all sorts of small animals, as well as of the dead bodies of larger ones, and even of the flesh and blood of living creatures, to which the lampreys attach themselves after the fashion of the hag. They also attach themselves by their mouths to stones, whence the generic name, 'stone-sucker'. Internally there is much general resemblance to the hag; but the lamprey has well-developed eyes, and has a delicate series of cartilages known as as the branchial basket-work, which supports the pharynx. The adults die soon after spawning near the heads of rivers or creeks; the young, which in many respects differ from their parents, were formerly placed in a separate genus as Ammocoetes. The great sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), sometimes 3 feet long, is found on both coasts of the N. Atlantic. Several smaller species inhabit the lakes and rivers of the United States.

Sea Lamprey

A lamprey is an animal which, though often regarded as a fish, differs from a fish in the absence of…

A langur is a monkey of the genus Semnopithicus, which contains Asiatic forms characterized by slender build, very long tail, absence of cheek pouches, and the fact that the hind limbs are longer than the fore. The stomach is peculiar, for it is furnished with sacs or pouches; and the animals are largely herbivorous in diet, living chiefly upon leaves and young shoots. The true langur, or hanuman (S. entellus) is common throughout the greater part of India, and is in most places regarded as sacred by the Hindus.

Langur

A langur is a monkey of the genus Semnopithicus, which contains Asiatic forms characterized by slender…

This illustration shows a human leg (front view), and comparative diagrams showing modifications of the leg: 1. Human, 2. Ox, 3. Horse, 4. Bird, 5. Frog, 6. Crocodile, 7. Seal, 8. Dog, 9. Bear P. Pelvis, FE. Femur, TI. Tibia, FI. Fibula, TA. Tarsus, MT. Metatarsus, PH. Phalanges, OC. Os Calcis.

Human Leg (Front View), and Comparative Diagrams showing Modifications of the Leg

This illustration shows a human leg (front view), and comparative diagrams showing modifications of…

This illustration shows the leg of a dog. This leg is digitigrade. Animals with digitigrade legs walk on their toes (digits). P. Pelvis, FE. Femur, TI. Tibia, FI. Fibula, TA. Tarsus, MT. Metatarsus, PH. Phalanges, OC. Os Calcis

Leg of Dog

This illustration shows the leg of a dog. This leg is digitigrade. Animals with digitigrade legs walk…

The leopard <i>(Felis pardus)</i> is a carnivore closely allied to the lion and the tiger, but differing it its inferior size, and in the fact that its tawny coat is covered with dark spots, formed by an incomplete ring of black enclosing a bright central patch. In addition to this brightly-colored form, there exists also the black leopard or panther, formerly regarded as a distinct species, but now proved to be merely a variety. Leopards occur throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma, in Persia, Palestine, Syria, Arabia, and Africa; while formerly their distribution was even more extensive. They are very active animals, and differ from lions and tigers in that they habitually climb trees. The total length, including the tail, is sometimes as much as eight feet. In India, the leopard preys chiefly on dogs and on carious kinds of monkeys; but it is capable of killing a bullock or the samber deer. The litters consist of from two to four cubs, which in India are born in spring. Leopards chiefly inhabit rocky hills covered with scrub, and in the neighborhood of villages are often a dreadful scourge to herds and flocks, and sometimes become habitual man-eaters.

Leopard

The leopard (Felis pardus) is a carnivore closely allied to the lion and the tiger, but differing it…

The polar bear, Plantigrada, is part of the subdivision Carnivora, which includes other carnivorous animals, like the bear and raccoon, that walk with the heel up on the ground. a, femur, or thigh; b, tibia, or leg; c, tarsus and metatarsus, or foot; d, calx, or heel; e, planta, or sole; f, digits, or toes.

Polar Bear Leg

The polar bear, Plantigrada, is part of the subdivision Carnivora, which includes other carnivorous…

"And they come to Jerusalem: and he entered into the temple, and began to cast out them that sold and them that bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the money-changers, and the seats of them that sold the doves; and he would not suffer that any man should carry a vessel through the temple. And he taught, and said unto them, Is it not written, My house shall be called a house of prayer for all the nations? but ye have made it a den of robbers." Mark 11:15-17 <p>Illustration of Jesus chasing away those that sold animals in the temple.

Jesus Casts Money-Changers and Merchants out of the Temple

"And they come to Jerusalem: and he entered into the temple, and began to cast out them that sold and…

"And they heard the voice of Jehovah God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and the man and his wife hid themselves from the presence of Jehovah God amongst the trees of the garden. And Jehovah God called unto the man, and said unto him, Where art thou? And he said, I heard thy voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked; and I hid myself. And he said, Who told thee that thou wast naked? Hast thou eaten of the tree, whereof I commanded thee that thou shouldest not eat? And the man said, The woman whom thou gavest to be with me, she gave me of the tree, and I did eat." Genesis 3:8-12 ASV <p>Illustration of Adam and Eve hiding themselves from the presence of God after eating of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. They are surrounded by many animals in the garden.

Adam and Eve Hide Themselves

"And they heard the voice of Jehovah God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and the man and…

The puma, also known as the cougar, panther, or mountain lion <i> (Felis concolor) </i> , is a large American cat, formerly to be met anywhere from the St. Lawrence River and southern British Columbia to Patagonia, but now practically exterminated east of the Rocky Mountains. It is remarkable among the larger cats for its uniformity of coloration, whence it is popularly known as 'lion' throughout all the countries south of the United States. The fur is thick and close, and in adults is plain tawny above, except for a dark streak along the middle of the back, and a dark tip to the tail, while the under surface is of a paler tint. The presence in the young, however, of a ringed tail and of spots on the body shows that the puma's ancestors possessed the characteristically feline type of coloration. There is much variation in size: the largest authenticated measurement is eight feet two inches from the snout to the tip of the tail, the tail being three feet eight inches; but the usual length of the body, exclusive of the tail, appears to be under four feet. The puma is able to live in low-lying plains and on mountain slopes, among dense forests and on the treeless pampas. Its natural prey is such animals as deer in North and in Central America, while of the pampas it feeds largely on huanacos; but everywhere it preys as hunger suggests or occasion requires on any smaller and more agile creature it is able to pick up. Like the leopard, it is especially destructive to sheep, a single puma when it gains access to a fold sometimes slaughtering 100 in a night, seemingly in a blind revel of killing. It rarely attacks man unprovoked, and has the reputation, especially in the Plains regions, of being absolutely cowardly. When hunted with dogs (the usual method), it tries first to flee, and when overtaken climbs a tree, where it remains, snarling at the pack of dogs until the hunter comes up and dispatches it. Nevertheless, when cornered it fights to the death, showing that its real disposition is that of timidity and caution rather than of poltroonery. The two sexes live apart, but pair in winter and summer. Two or three young are born at once.

Puma

The puma, also known as the cougar, panther, or mountain lion (Felis concolor) , is a large American…

"In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth." Genesis 1:1 ASV <p>Illustration of God sitting on a cloud with his arms outstretched as he creates the earth. He has a triangular halo behind his head. Adam and Eve (left) stand partially hidden by plants and Adam reaches out to the animals, including an elephant, turtle, snake, rooster, lion, rabbit, horse, peacock, tropical bird, sheep, duck, elk, and goat.

The Creation of the World - Adam and Eve, Animals, Plants,

"In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth." Genesis 1:1 ASV Illustration of God sitting…

"And every living thing was destroyed that was upon the face of the ground, both man, and cattle, and creeping things, and birds of the heavens; and they were destroyed from the earth: and Noah only was left, and they that were with him in the ark." Genesis 7:23 ASV <p>People watch the flood waters rise around them as Noah's ark floats away in the distance. The people are huddled on a structure being taken over by the flood. An awning is seen barely above the water level. A woman sits with her lifeless child in her lap. Several people reach up to the heavens or out toward Noah. A horse and bird lie on a nearby raft.

The Deluge - Noah's Ark Floats into the Rising Flood Waters as People Trapped on Land Watch in Horror

"And every living thing was destroyed that was upon the face of the ground, both man, and cattle, and…

"Therefore was the name of it called Babel; because Jehovah did there confound the language of all the earth: and from thence did Jehovah scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth." Genesis 11:9 ASV <p> Ilustration of people scattering after their language was confused during the building of the Tower of Babel. God, with an angel on each side holding flaming swords is seen in a cloud above the tower. He points away, sending the people to all corners of the earth. A crowd of people is scattering, on horses, on foot, and with wagons. Their animals are with them, including donkeys, goats, sheeps, and a dog. The tower is at the center of the image.

The Tower of Babel - God Confuses the Builders' Language and Scatters Them over the Earth

"Therefore was the name of it called Babel; because Jehovah did there confound the language of all the…

"And let them make me a sanctuary, that I may dwell among them. According to all that I show thee, the pattern of the tabernacle, and the pattern of all the furniture thereof, even so shall ye make it." Exodus 25:8-9 ASV <p>Illustration of an aerial view of the Tabernacle. It was built using specifications given to Moses directly by God. Several elements are clearly pictured, including the curtain enclosure, the temple, the brazen altar, and the brazen laver. Pillars of smoke rise from the brazen altar and from the altar of incense inside the temple. The tents of the Israelite camp surround the tabernacle. A few people and animals are pictured. There are palm trees in the foreground.

The Tabernacle - Aerial View with the Israelite Camp in the Background

"And let them make me a sanctuary, that I may dwell among them. According to all that I show thee, the…

Illustration of Saint Francis being carried on a pallet by five other clergy members. He is emerging from a wooded area. His right arm is upraised and his arm is around one of his companions. The facade of the Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi can be seen up on a hill in the background.

The Death of Saint Francis of Assisi with the Basilica of Saint Francis in the Background

Illustration of Saint Francis being carried on a pallet by five other clergy members. He is emerging…

Drawing of the Diana of Versailles, a 2nd-century Roman version in the Greek tradition of iconography. In Roman mythology, Diana ([djana]) was the goddess of the hunt, the moon and childbirth, being associated with wild animals and woodland, and having the power to talk to and control animals.

Diana of Versailles

Drawing of the Diana of Versailles, a 2nd-century Roman version in the Greek tradition of iconography.…

<Sminthurus roseus</i>. "A family of collembolous insects, typified by the genus <i>Sminthurus</i>, having a globular body, four-jointed antennae with a long terminal joint, saltatory appendage composed of a basal part and two arms, and tracheae well developed. They are found commonly among grass and fungi; many species have been described." &mdash;Whitney, 1889 <p>These animals are no longer considered insects. This illustration shows a tiny creature with six legs, two appendages at the back, and two antennae.

Springtail - View from Top