Marchantia polymorpha. Longitudinal section through a young antheridiophore. The antheridia are seated in depressions of the upper surface.

Bryophyta

Marchantia polymorpha. Longitudinal section through a young antheridiophore. The antheridia are seated…

Marchantia polymorpha. Longitudinal section of antheridium

Bryophyta

Marchantia polymorpha. Longitudinal section of antheridium

Marchantia polymorpha. Stoma in surface view

Bryophyta

Marchantia polymorpha. Stoma in surface view

Marchantia polymorpha. Air-chamber with the filaments of assimilating cells and stoma in vertical section

Bryophyta

Marchantia polymorpha. Air-chamber with the filaments of assimilating cells and stoma in vertical section

Blasia pusilla. The margin of the thallus bears leaf-like lobes

Bryophyta

Blasia pusilla. The margin of the thallus bears leaf-like lobes

Chiloscyphus polyanthos. The perianth with the small perichaetial leaves below it.

Bryophyta

Chiloscyphus polyanthos. The perianth with the small perichaetial leaves below it.

Cephalozia bicuspidata. Longitudinal section of the summit of a shoot bearing a nearly mature sporogonium, sg, still enclosed in the calyptra; ar, archegonia which have remained unfertilized

Bryophyta

Cephalozia bicuspidata. Longitudinal section of the summit of a shoot bearing a nearly mature sporogonium,…

Anthoceros laevis

Bryophyta

Anthoceros laevis

Funaria hygrometrica. Leafy shoot bearing a young sporogonium enclosed in the calyptra

Bryophyta

Funaria hygrometrica. Leafy shoot bearing a young sporogonium enclosed in the calyptra

Funaria hygrometrica. Leafy plant with an almost mature sporogonium

Bryophyta

Funaria hygrometrica. Leafy plant with an almost mature sporogonium

Funaria hygrometrica. Median longitudinal section of a capsule, with the seta gradually widening into the apophysis at its base

Bryophyta

Funaria hygrometrica. Median longitudinal section of a capsule, with the seta gradually widening into…

Funaria hygrometrica. Germinating spores.

Bryophyta

Funaria hygrometrica. Germinating spores.

Funaria hygrometrica. Part of a developed protonema. h, Creeping filament with brown walls from which the filaments of chlorophyll-containing cells

Bryophyta

Funaria hygrometrica. Part of a developed protonema. h, Creeping filament with brown walls from which…

Sphagnum acutifolium. Longitudinal section of apex of a bud bearing archegonia (ar), enclosed by the large leaves (y); ch, small perichaetial leaves

Bryophyta

Sphagnum acutifolium. Longitudinal section of apex of a bud bearing archegonia (ar), enclosed by the…

Sphagnum acutifolium. Longitudinal section of the sporognium borne on the pseudopodium (ps); c, calyptra; ar, neck of archegonium; sg, foot; sg, capsule.

Bryophyta

Sphagnum acutifolium. Longitudinal section of the sporognium borne on the pseudopodium (ps); c, calyptra;…

Sphagnum acutifolium. Ripe sporogonium raised on the pseudopodium above the enclosing leaves

Bryophyta

Sphagnum acutifolium. Ripe sporogonium raised on the pseudopodium above the enclosing leaves

Andreaea pelrophila, plant bearing opened capsule

Bryophyta

Andreaea pelrophila, plant bearing opened capsule

Funaria hygrometrica. Longitudinal section through the summit of a male branch

Bryophyta

Funaria hygrometrica. Longitudinal section through the summit of a male branch

Funaria hygrometrica. Longitudinal section of the very young sporogonium enclosed in the archegonial wall.

Bryophyta

Funaria hygrometrica. Longitudinal section of the very young sporogonium enclosed in the archegonial…

Funaria hygrometrica. Further stages of the development of the sporogonium enclosed in the calyptra formed from the archegonial wall and still bearing the neck. The foot of the sporogonium has penetrated into the underlying tissue of the stem of the moss-plant

Bryophyta

Funaria hygrometrica. Further stages of the development of the sporogonium enclosed in the calyptra…

Funaria hygrometrica. Further stages of the development of the sporogonium enclosed in the calyptra formed from the archegonial wall and still bearing the neck. The foot of the sporogonium has penetrated into the underlying tissue of the stem of the moss-plant

Bryophyta

Funaria hygrometrica. Further stages of the development of the sporogonium enclosed in the calyptra…

Echinocalus, the flowers are several inches in diameter

Cactus

Echinocalus, the flowers are several inches in diameter

Cowboys chasing buffaloes on the frontier.

Buffaloes

Cowboys chasing buffaloes on the frontier.

A boy sitting with his cat

Boy

A boy sitting with his cat

A floral footer with vines and leaves

Floral Footer

A floral footer with vines and leaves

A Decorative Footer

Decorative Footer

A Decorative Footer

Upper part of Flax plant in blossom.

Flax-Plant

Upper part of Flax plant in blossom.

Section of a flower moderately enlarged, showing a part of the petals and stamens, all five styles, and a section of ovary with two ovules or rudimentary seeds.

Section of Flax-flower

Section of a flower moderately enlarged, showing a part of the petals and stamens, all five styles,…

Embryo of Sugar Maple, cut through lengthwise and taken out of the seed.

Sugar Maple

Embryo of Sugar Maple, cut through lengthwise and taken out of the seed.

Whole embryo of Sugar Maple just beginning to grow.

Sugar Maple Embryo

Whole embryo of Sugar Maple just beginning to grow.

One of the pair of keys or winged fruits of Red Maple; the seed-bearing portion cut open to show the seed.

Red Maple

One of the pair of keys or winged fruits of Red Maple; the seed-bearing portion cut open to show the…

Seed enlarged, and divided to show the crumpled embryo which fills it.

Red Maple Seed

Seed enlarged, and divided to show the crumpled embryo which fills it.

Embryo taken out and partly opened.

Red Maple Embryo

Embryo taken out and partly opened.

Embryo which has unfolded in early stage of germination and begun to grow.

Unfolding Embryo

Embryo which has unfolded in early stage of germination and begun to grow.

Seedling with stem joints and pair of leaves.

Red Maple Seedling

Seedling with stem joints and pair of leaves.

Fruit of Silver Maple, Acer dasycarpum, of natural size, the seed-bearing portion divided to show seed.

Silver Maple Key

Fruit of Silver Maple, Acer dasycarpum, of natural size, the seed-bearing portion divided to show seed.

Embryo of the seed taken out.

Silver Maple seed

Embryo of the seed taken out.

Silver Maple seed open out, to show the thick cotyledons and the little plumule or bud between them.

Silver Maple Seed Open

Silver Maple seed open out, to show the thick cotyledons and the little plumule or bud between them.

Germination of Silver Maple, natural size; merely the base of the fruit, containing the seed, is shown.

Germination of Silver Maple

Germination of Silver Maple, natural size; merely the base of the fruit, containing the seed, is shown.

Embryo of Pumpkin-seed, partly open.

Pumpkin-Seed

Embryo of Pumpkin-seed, partly open.

Young pumpkin seedling.

Pumpkin Seedling

Young pumpkin seedling.

Embryo of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris); caulicle bent down over edge of cotyledons.

Common Bean

Embryo of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris); caulicle bent down over edge of cotyledons.

Caulicle well lengthened and root beginning; thick cotyledons partly spreading; plumule (pair of leaves) growing between them.

Common Bean Seedling

Caulicle well lengthened and root beginning; thick cotyledons partly spreading; plumule (pair of leaves)…

Caulicle with plumule developed into internodes and pair of leaves.

Large Common Bean Seedling

Caulicle with plumule developed into internodes and pair of leaves.

A Beech-nut, cut across.

Beech-nut

A Beech-nut, cut across.

Beginning germination of the Beech, showing the plumule growing before the cotyledons have opened or the root has scarcely formed.

Beech-nut Germination

Beginning germination of the Beech, showing the plumule growing before the cotyledons have opened or…

Older beech with the plumule-leaves developing, and elevated on a long internodes.

Beech-nut Germination Older

Older beech with the plumule-leaves developing, and elevated on a long internodes.

Embryo of pea, i.e. a pea with the coats removed; the short and thick caulicle presented to view.

Pea Embryo

Embryo of pea, i.e. a pea with the coats removed; the short and thick caulicle presented to view.

Pea germination: the plumule has developed four or five internodes, bearing single leaves; but the first and second leaves are mere scales, the third begins to serve as foliage; the next more so.

Pea Germination

Pea germination: the plumule has developed four or five internodes, bearing single leaves; but the first…

Half of an acorn, cut lengthwise, filled by the very thick cotyledons, the base of which encloses the minute caulicle.

Acorn

Half of an acorn, cut lengthwise, filled by the very thick cotyledons, the base of which encloses the…

Half of a horse-chestnut, similarly cut; the caulicle is curved down on the side of one of the thick cotyledons.

Horse Chestnut

Half of a horse-chestnut, similarly cut; the caulicle is curved down on the side of one of the thick…

Horse-chestnut in germination; footstalks are formed to the cotyledons, pushing out in their lengthening the growing parts.

Horse Chestnut in Germination

Horse-chestnut in germination; footstalks are formed to the cotyledons, pushing out in their lengthening…

Seed of Morning Glory divided, moderately magnified; shows a longitudinal section through the centre of the embryo as it lies crumpled in the albumen.

Morning Glory Seed

Seed of Morning Glory divided, moderately magnified; shows a longitudinal section through the centre…

A genus of plants or shrubs, mostly tropical, two species of which arecharacterized by large white flowers and deeply indented shining leaves.

Acanthus

A genus of plants or shrubs, mostly tropical, two species of which arecharacterized by large white flowers…

Embryo taken out whole and unfolded; the broad and very thin cotyledons notched at summit; the caulicle below.

Morning Glory Embryo

Embryo taken out whole and unfolded; the broad and very thin cotyledons notched at summit; the caulicle…

Seedling of Morning Glory more advanced (root cut away); cotyledons well developed into foliage-leaves: succeeding internode and leaf well developed, and the next forming.

Morning Glory Seedling

Seedling of Morning Glory more advanced (root cut away); cotyledons well developed into foliage-leaves:…

Morning Glory seedling advanced.

Morning Glory Seedling Advanced

Morning Glory seedling advanced.

Section of a seed of a Peony, showing a very small embryo in the albumen, near one end.

Peony

Section of a seed of a Peony, showing a very small embryo in the albumen, near one end.

Section of a seed of Barberry, showing the straight embryo in the middle of the albumen.

Barberry

Section of a seed of Barberry, showing the straight embryo in the middle of the albumen.

Section of a Potato-seed, showing the embryo coiled in the albumen.

Potato-seed

Section of a Potato-seed, showing the embryo coiled in the albumen.