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This Gargoyle Lion Head is made out of terracotta and is found in Athens, Greece.

Gargoyle Lion Head

This Gargoyle Lion Head is made out of terracotta and is found in Athens, Greece.

The Gargoyle Lion Head is found in the Parthenon of Athens, Greece.

Gargoyle Lion Head

The Gargoyle Lion Head is found in the Parthenon of Athens, Greece.

This Horse Head is found at the Parthenon in Athens.

Horse Head

This Horse Head is found at the Parthenon in Athens.

The Dolphin Choir Seats are found in Certosa near Pavia an ancient Italian town. It was designed during the Italian Renaissance.

Dolphin Choir Seats

The Dolphin Choir Seats are found in Certosa near Pavia an ancient Italian town. It was designed during…

The Centaurs and Bacchantes comes from mural paintings found in ancient Pompeii, Rome. It is imaginary wild monsters with the fore part of a man and the hinder of a horse.

Centuars and Bacchantes

The Centaurs and Bacchantes comes from mural paintings found in ancient Pompeii, Rome. It is imaginary…

The two Centaurs and Bacchantes comes from mural paintings found in ancient Pompeii, Rome. It is imaginary wild monsters with the fore part of a man and the hinder of a horse.

Multiple Centuars and Bacchantes

The two Centaurs and Bacchantes comes from mural paintings found in ancient Pompeii, Rome. It is imaginary…

The leaf enrichment moulding is a design found in Erechtheum, Athens an ancient Greek Temple.

Leaf Enrichment Moulding

The leaf enrichment moulding is a design found in Erechtheum, Athens an ancient Greek Temple.

The Greek akroter serves as an ornamental finish to the apex of a gable. It is painted in the temple of Wingless Victory in Athens, Greece.

Greek Akroter

The Greek akroter serves as an ornamental finish to the apex of a gable. It is painted in the temple…

This Greek akroter is painted in Acropolis, Athens. It serves as the ornamental finish to the apex of a gable.

Greek Akroter

This Greek akroter is painted in Acropolis, Athens. It serves as the ornamental finish to the apex of…

The finial foliated shaft is a Greek design of the choragic monument of Lysikrates in Athens.

Finial Foliated Shaft

The finial foliated shaft is a Greek design of the choragic monument of Lysikrates in Athens.

The Ancient Persian capital is a design of the fore-parts of bulls. It is an Old Persian style that is categorized under abnormal capitals.

Ancient Persian Capital

The Ancient Persian capital is a design of the fore-parts of bulls. It is an Old Persian style that…

The ionic capital is a design of a scroll rolled on both sides with spiral curves. It is found in Bassae, Ancient Greece.

Ionic Capital

The ionic capital is a design of a scroll rolled on both sides with spiral curves. It is found in Bassae,…

The ionic capital is a design of a scroll rolled on both sides with spiral curves. It was found in Pompeii.

Ionic Capital

The ionic capital is a design of a scroll rolled on both sides with spiral curves. It was found in Pompeii.

The antique Corinthian capital is a found in Melos, Greece. It is a design of a two rows of leaves that clothe the lower cylindrical part of the capital.

Antique Corinthian Capital

The antique Corinthian capital is a found in Melos, Greece. It is a design of a two rows of leaves that…

The Greek Corinthian capital is found in a monument in Lysikrates, Athens. It is a design of spiral curves that rise from the rows of leaves and unite in pairs. The center of each sides of the abacus is decorated with palmettes or rosettes.

Greek Corinthian Capital

The Greek Corinthian capital is found in a monument in Lysikrates, Athens. It is a design of spiral…

The Greek Doric pilaster capital is found in the ancient Greek temple of Erechtheum in Athens. It has an egg-and-dart design that runs under the abacus. Directly beneath that is decorated with leaves and rosettes.

Greek Doric Pilaster Capital

The Greek Doric pilaster capital is found in the ancient Greek temple of Erechtheum in Athens. It has…

The Greek console is shown in the front and side view. It is found as a support to the North door of the Greek Temple Erechtheum in Athens, Greece.

Greek Console

The Greek console is shown in the front and side view. It is found as a support to the North door of…

The Greek Caryatid is a female figure used as a support in place of a column. It is found in the temple of Erechtheum, Athens, Greece.

Greek Caryatid

The Greek Caryatid is a female figure used as a support in place of a column. It is found in the temple…

The Greek square panel is found on the coffer of the Propylaea ceiling, the entrance to the Acropolis in Athens. The design is of many rays of stars.

Greek Square Panel

The Greek square panel is found on the coffer of the Propylaea ceiling, the entrance to the Acropolis…

The Greek square panel is found on the coffer of the Propylaea ceiling, the entrance to the Acropolis in Athens. This panel is divided into eight equal spaces that are decorated with a repeated design.

Greek Square Panel

The Greek square panel is found on the coffer of the Propylaea ceiling, the entrance to the Acropolis…

The Greek square panel is found on the coffer of the Propylaea ceiling, the entrance to the Acropolis in Athens. This panel is divided into eight equal spaces that are decorated with a repeated design.

Greek Square Panel

The Greek square panel is found on the coffer of the Propylaea ceiling, the entrance to the Acropolis…

The Greek square panel is found in Athens. This panel is divided into eight equal spaces that are decorated with a repeated design.

Greek Square Panel

The Greek square panel is found in Athens. This panel is divided into eight equal spaces that are decorated…

The Greek square panel is found on the coffer of the Parhtenon ceiling, a Greek Temple. This panel is divided into eight equal spaces that are decorated with a repeated design.

Greek Square Panel

The Greek square panel is found on the coffer of the Parhtenon ceiling, a Greek Temple. This panel is…

This Greek earring is made out of gold in the form of a siren (Greek mythical bird-woman). It was found in Ithaca, Greece.

Greek Earring

This Greek earring is made out of gold in the form of a siren (Greek mythical bird-woman). It was found…

The obverse side of the dupondius, "a Roman bronze coin, of the value of 2 asses." -Whitney, 1911

Dupondius, Obverse

The obverse side of the dupondius, "a Roman bronze coin, of the value of 2 asses." -Whitney, 1911

The reverse side of the dupondius, "a Roman bronze coin, of the value of 2 asses." -Whitney, 1911

Dupondius, Revers

The reverse side of the dupondius, "a Roman bronze coin, of the value of 2 asses." -Whitney, 1911

A catapult is any one of a number of non-handheld mechanical devices used to throw a projectile a great distance without the aid of an explosive substance—particularly various types of ancient and medieval siege engines.

Catapult

A catapult is any one of a number of non-handheld mechanical devices used to throw a projectile a great…

"The most important and most beautiful of circular buildings without columns surrounding it is the Pantheon at Rome, which was completed in the reign of Augustus, in the year 25 A.D."

Façade of the Pantheon at Rome

"The most important and most beautiful of circular buildings without columns surrounding it is the Pantheon…

"The most important and most beautiful of circular buildings without columns surrounding it is the Pantheon at Rome, which was completed in the reign of Augustus, in the year 25 A.D."

Interior of the Pantheon at Rome

"The most important and most beautiful of circular buildings without columns surrounding it is the Pantheon…

"Fragment of an Ancient Roman Frieze. The ornamentation had to correspond with the massive character of Roman architecture, and consequently became more massive and more copious itself. This is an example of enrichment of which vegetable objects were the model."

Ancient Roman Frieze

"Fragment of an Ancient Roman Frieze. The ornamentation had to correspond with the massive character…

An illustration of a cup designed by Euphronios, an ancient Greek vase painter and potter, active in Athens in the late 6th and early 5th centuries BC.

Cup

An illustration of a cup designed by Euphronios, an ancient Greek vase painter and potter, active in…

The Temple of Hephaestus and Athena Ergane, also known as the Hephaisteion or Theseion, is the best preserved ancient Greek temple. It is a Doric order peripteral temple, located at the north-west side of the Agora of Athens, on top of the Agoraios Kolonos hill. From the 7th century until 1834, it served as the Greek Orthodox church of St. George Akamates.

Temple of Theseus

The Temple of Hephaestus and Athena Ergane, also known as the Hephaisteion or Theseion, is the best…

"Tower of the Early Christian Basilica of S. Maria in Cosmedin at Rome." Santa Maria in Cosmedin (or de Schola Graeca) is a basilica church in Rome. The church was built in the 6th century over the remains of the Templum Herculis Pompeiani in the Forum Boarium and of the Statio annonae, one of the food distribution centres of ancient Rome.

Tower of Santa Maria in Cosmedin

"Tower of the Early Christian Basilica of S. Maria in Cosmedin at Rome." Santa Maria in Cosmedin (or…

"Section of the Church of S. Constantia at Rome. The simplest desctiptions of this kind of building are the baptistries, for which the ancient Thermæ furnished models. They generally have a circular or octagonal ground plan, a main space covered with a round or polygonal dome, and a circular passage separated therefrom by pillars in the same way that the side aisles are separated from the main aisle in basilicas. Sometimes they were without this passage, and only had galleries running round the interior like boxes in a theater. These buildings were generally constructed in the vicinity of cathedrals.

Santa Costanza

"Section of the Church of S. Constantia at Rome. The simplest desctiptions of this kind of building…

Bird's eye view of the Gulf of Santorin, during the volcanic eruption of February 1866.

Gulf of Santorin

Bird's eye view of the Gulf of Santorin, during the volcanic eruption of February 1866.

"That kind of masonry, much used in ancient fortification-walls, etc. in which the outside surfaces on both sides are formed of ashler laid in regular courses, and the inclosed space between them is filled in with rubble-work." -Whitney, 1911

Emplectum

"That kind of masonry, much used in ancient fortification-walls, etc. in which the outside surfaces…

Episema were used in Greece as a symbol for a country, region, or used on a shield or badge. This episemon depicts a lion's head with a fish in its mouth.

Episemon

Episema were used in Greece as a symbol for a country, region, or used on a shield or badge. This episemon…

"The ancient southern constellation of the River (Po or Padus)." -Whitney, 1911

Eridanus

"The ancient southern constellation of the River (Po or Padus)." -Whitney, 1911

Lycopodiopsida is a class of plants often loosely grouped as the fern allies, and includes the clubmosses. Lycopodiopsida traditionally included all the clubmosses, including Selaginella and Isoetes. However, subdivisions within the Division Lycopodiophyta are now considered ancient enough to warrant higher-level separation in accordance with cladistics. Clubmosses are thought to be structurally similar to the earliest vascular plants, with small, scale-like leaves, homosporous spores borne in sporangia at the bases of the leaves, branching stems (usually dichotomous), and generally simple form.

Club Moss

Lycopodiopsida is a class of plants often loosely grouped as the fern allies, and includes the clubmosses.…

The Greek oblong panel has a strict palmette decoration. It is found in the painted coffers (sunken panels) of the ceilings of Propylaea, Athens.

Greek Oblong Panel

The Greek oblong panel has a strict palmette decoration. It is found in the painted coffers (sunken…

The Greek oblong panel has a strict palmette decoration. It is found in the painted coffers (sunken panels) of the ceilings of Propylaea, Athens.

Greek Oblong Panel

The Greek oblong panel has a strict palmette decoration. It is found in the painted coffers (sunken…

This Egyptian amphora is a vase with a cover intended for water, oil or wine. It was found in Thebes, Ancient Egypt, part of the Thutmose III pharaoh of the eighteenth dynasty.

Egyptian Amphora Shape

This Egyptian amphora is a vase with a cover intended for water, oil or wine. It was found in Thebes,…

This Egyptian amphora is a vase with a cover intended for water, oil or wine. It was found in Thebes, Ancient Egypt, part of the twentieth dynasty.

Egyptian Amphora

This Egyptian amphora is a vase with a cover intended for water, oil or wine. It was found in Thebes,…

This Roman Amphora is an unpainted vase made out of yellow clay. It was found in the area near Aquileia, Ancient Rome.

Roman Amphora

This Roman Amphora is an unpainted vase made out of yellow clay. It was found in the area near Aquileia,…

This Roman Amphora is made out of iridescent glass and was found in Pompeii, Ancient Rome.

Roman Amphora

This Roman Amphora is made out of iridescent glass and was found in Pompeii, Ancient Rome.

This ancient amphora is made out of painted clay.

Ancient Amphora

This ancient amphora is made out of painted clay.

This Egyptian Krater is an antique vase that was found in Thebes, Ancient Egypt during the eighteenth dynasty. Typically used for mixing water and wine.

Egyptian Krater from Thebes

This Egyptian Krater is an antique vase that was found in Thebes, Ancient Egypt during the eighteenth…

This Egyptian bucket was found in Thebes, Ancient Egypt during the reign of Tutmose III. An Egyptian origin it was used to draw water from the Nile. This type of bucket was typically carried on a yoke (wooden beam between two oxens) to prevent spilling.

Egyptian Bucket from Thebes

This Egyptian bucket was found in Thebes, Ancient Egypt during the reign of Tutmose III. An Egyptian…

An exedra is a semicircular recess set into a building's facade. The exedra at the Street of Tombs in Assos (Turkey) is shown here.

Exedra at the Street of Tombs in Assos

An exedra is a semicircular recess set into a building's facade. The exedra at the Street of Tombs in…

East-west section across South Dakota to show the Dakota artesian system. The Dakota sandstone is composed for the most part of well-rounded and well-assorted quartz grains, representing an ancient river and wind-formed sand deposit.

Dakota Artesian System

East-west section across South Dakota to show the Dakota artesian system. The Dakota sandstone is composed…

"One of an order of beings, the life-principles or geniuses or tutelary spirits of living beings, believed in and reverenced by the ancient Persians, adherents of the Zoroastrian religion. (Also) a name given ... to a symbol seen on monuments of ancient Persian origin, representing a winged circle, with or without a manlike figure in it, hovering over the head of a king or other person, and believed by some to represent his tutelary spirit." -Whitney, 1911

Feloher from Nineveh

"One of an order of beings, the life-principles or geniuses or tutelary spirits of living beings, believed…

Eolian type of cross-bedding in ancient limestones, formed of uniform lime-sand grains south of St. Louis.

Eolian Cross-bedding

Eolian type of cross-bedding in ancient limestones, formed of uniform lime-sand grains south of St.…

Eolian type of cross-bedding in ancient limestones, formed of uniform lime-sand grains south of St. Louis.

Eolian Cross-bedding

Eolian type of cross-bedding in ancient limestones, formed of uniform lime-sand grains south of St.…

Well-rounded quartz grains from ancient eolian rock, enlarged by secondary addition of silica in optical continuity with the old quartz.

Quartz Grains

Well-rounded quartz grains from ancient eolian rock, enlarged by secondary addition of silica in optical…

Diagram of an ancient fissure in fine Upper Silurian limestone, etc., filled with rounded grains of sand, secondarily enlarged, and including fragments of the wall rock.

Fissure in Limestone

Diagram of an ancient fissure in fine Upper Silurian limestone, etc., filled with rounded grains of…

Fragment of the wall rock (limestone) included in an ancient sandstone dike; the rock is shattered and the sand (shaded) injected into the fissures.

Limestone Fragment

Fragment of the wall rock (limestone) included in an ancient sandstone dike; the rock is shattered and…

The edge of the Niagara escarpment. NS, showing the position of the ancient Iroquois Beach (IB) and the relation of the Iroquois level to that of Lake Ontario.

Niagara Escarpment

The edge of the Niagara escarpment. NS, showing the position of the ancient Iroquois Beach (IB) and…

The stairway of the great altar at Pergamon in Ancient Greece shows a frieze. A frieze is a sculpture of an entablature in bas-relief.

Frieze of Altar at Pergamon

The stairway of the great altar at Pergamon in Ancient Greece shows a frieze. A frieze is a sculpture…

"Assyrian Fringes, from ancient bas-reliefs. Fringe: an ornamental bordering formed of short lengths of thread." -Whitney, 1911

Assyrian Fringe

"Assyrian Fringes, from ancient bas-reliefs. Fringe: an ornamental bordering formed of short lengths…

"Assyrian Fringes, from ancient bas-reliefs. Fringe: an ornamental bordering formed of short lengths of thread." -Whitney, 1911

Assyrian Fringe

"Assyrian Fringes, from ancient bas-reliefs. Fringe: an ornamental bordering formed of short lengths…