A diagram showing the motions a young frog makes while swimming. In this stage of life, the frog makes ellipses in order to move through the water.

Ellipses of Swimming Frog

A diagram showing the motions a young frog makes while swimming. In this stage of life, the frog makes…

In order to grow achimenes they have to be started and grown in stove heat until they flower. Roots should be started in February until the end of April. When the shoots are about two inches high then the root can be transplanted to the pots where they will be grown.

Root of the Achimene

In order to grow achimenes they have to be started and grown in stove heat until they flower. Roots…

Frog hopper belong to the same order as aphidoe, to the section which has the leathery upper wings. It is the larva of the frog hoppers the produce a frothy secretion referred to as frog spit or cuckoo spit.  This secretion is harmful to plants.

Larva, Frothy Secretion, and Perfect Insect of the Frog Hopper

Frog hopper belong to the same order as aphidoe, to the section which has the leathery upper wings.…

The Naples gourd is also known as the African gourd. This is a large gourd, sometimes one and a half feet long. The flesh is perfumed and sugary. The rind is yellow when ripe with orange yellow flesh.

Naples Gourd

The Naples gourd is also known as the African gourd. This is a large gourd, sometimes one and a half…

House crickets are in the order Orthoptera. Crickets are destructive to plants in every stage after leaving the egg.

House Cricket

House crickets are in the order Orthoptera. Crickets are destructive to plants in every stage after…

Grasshoppers belong to the order Orthoptera. Grasshoppers have mouths fit for biting, net-veined wings, and thick front wings.

Green Grasshopper

Grasshoppers belong to the order Orthoptera. Grasshoppers have mouths fit for biting, net-veined wings,…

Cockroaches belong to the order Orthoptera. Cockroaches are harmful to plants in every stage after leaving the egg.

Female Cockroach

Cockroaches belong to the order Orthoptera. Cockroaches are harmful to plants in every stage after leaving…

Frog hoppers belong to the order Heteroptera. This order is also known as plant bugs. These insects are very small.

Larva, Frothy Section, and Perfect Insect of the Frog Hopper

Frog hoppers belong to the order Heteroptera. This order is also known as plant bugs. These insects…

Early white Naples onions are an early form of the silver skinned section. The little bulbs are produced in early spring.

Early White Naples Onions

Early white Naples onions are an early form of the silver skinned section. The little bulbs are produced…

The Naples giant rocca onion has a roundish, large bulb. The flesh is thick and white.

Naples Giant Rocca Onion

The Naples giant rocca onion has a roundish, large bulb. The flesh is thick and white.

The order marattiaceae, and the maratiia family, consists of stately tropical ferns with thickened, often erect, stems. The leaves are usually very large. The ophioglossaceae order has plants of small or medium size, often somewhat fleshy.

Marattiaceae and Ophioglossaceae

The order marattiaceae, and the maratiia family, consists of stately tropical ferns with thickened,…

The hymenophyllaceae order consists of very delicate ferns. The cyatheaceae order usually consists of tree ferns with large leaves. The polypodiaceae order consists of ferns of very diverse habit.

Hymenophyllaceae, Cyatheaceae, and Polypodiaceae

The hymenophyllaceae order consists of very delicate ferns. The cyatheaceae order usually consists of…

Schizaeaceae: 1, aneimia, sporangium. Osmundaceae: 2, Osmunda, sporangium; a, front view, b, back view. Salviniaceae: 3, salvinia, a, whole plant; b, section of sporocarps showing sporangia. Marsileaceae: 4, marsilea, a, whole plant; b, sporocarp germinating; c, sporocarp emitting gelatinous thread with sori; 5, pilularia, a, cross section of sporocarp; b, sporocarp emitting sporangia.

Schizaeaceae, Osmundaceae, Salviniaceae, and Marrsileaceae

Schizaeaceae: 1, aneimia, sporangium. Osmundaceae: 2, Osmunda, sporangium; a, front view, b, back view.…

Cycadaceae is an order with more or less woody plants. The stems are thick, unbranched, columnar, or tuberous. Ginkogoaceae is an order of much branched trees with deciduous leaves.

Cycadaceae and Ginkogoaceae

Cycadaceae is an order with more or less woody plants. The stems are thick, unbranched, columnar, or…

Taxaceae order consists of the yew family. The Pinaceae order consists of the pine family. The Gnetaceae order consists of gnetum family, which has semi-woody plants of diverse habit.

Taxaceae, Pinaceae, and Gnetaceae

Taxaceae order consists of the yew family. The Pinaceae order consists of the pine family. The Gnetaceae…

The typhaceae order consists of perennial marsh herbs with creeping rootstocks. The pandanaceae order consists of shrubby plants with simple or branched stems and prop roots. The naiadaceae order consists of immersed aquatic herbs.

Typhaceae, Pandanaceae, and Naiadaceae Orders

The typhaceae order consists of perennial marsh herbs with creeping rootstocks. The pandanaceae order…

Alismaceae is an order of herbaceous marsh plants with milky juice. Butomaceae is an order of aquatic or marsh herbs. Hydrocharitaceae is an order of submerged aquatic herbs. Pictured are various parts of flowers of those orders.

Alismaceae, Butomaceae, and Hydrocharitaceae Orders

Alismaceae is an order of herbaceous marsh plants with milky juice. Butomaceae is an order of aquatic…

Gramineae order consists of the grass family. Pictured are (1a) a part of a grass panicle, (1b) spikelet, (2) avena, (2a) portion of panicle, (2b), spikelet, (e.g.) empty glume, (fl.g.) flowering glume or lemma, (pal) palet or palea, (2c), ground plan of spikelet, (3) phleum, spikelet, and (4), phalaris, sheath and ligule.

Gramineae Order

Gramineae order consists of the grass family. Pictured are (1a) a part of a grass panicle, (1b) spikelet,…

Pictured from the cyperaceae orders are (1) scirpus, (1a) a portion of inflorescence, (1b) flower, (2) eriophorum, spikelet, (3) carex, (3a) inflorescence, and (3b) vertical section of perigynium. Pictured from the palmaceae order are (4) chamaerops, (4a) spathe and spadix, and (4b) floral diagram. Pictured from the cyclanthaceae order are (5) cyclanthus, inflorescence, and (6) carludovica, inflorescence.

Cyperaceae, Palmaceae, and Cyclanthaceae Orders

Pictured from the cyperaceae orders are (1) scirpus, (1a) a portion of inflorescence, (1b) flower, (2)…

Pictured from the araceae order are (1) arisaema, spathe and spadix, and (2) arum spadix with male and female flowers. Pictured from the lemnaceae order are (3) lemna, (3a) whole plants, and (3b) male and female flowers, and spathe. Pictured from the bromeliaceae order is (4) bromelia flower, (5) ananas, (5a) fruiting inflorescence, and (5b) floral diagram. Pictured from the commelinaceae order is (6) commelina flower and (7) tradescantia flower.

Araceae, Lemnaceae, Bromeliaceae, and Commelinaceae Orders

Pictured from the araceae order are (1) arisaema, spathe and spadix, and (2) arum spadix with male and…

Shown are flowers of the pontederiaceae, juncaceae, liliaceae, and amaryllidaceae orders. These flowers include (1) pontederia, (2) luzula, (3) juncus, (4) dracaena, (5) fritillaria, (6) leucoium, and (7) narcissus.

Pontederiaceae, Juncaceae, Liliaceae, and Amaryllidaceae Orders

Shown are flowers of the pontederiaceae, juncaceae, liliaceae, and amaryllidaceae orders. These flowers…

Shown are the orders of Casuarinaceae, Saururaceaem, Oiperaceae, and Chloranthaceae. Pictured are various flowers and fruits of these order including casuarina, saururus, piper, and chlorantus.

Casuarinaceae, Saururaceaem, Oiperaceae, and Chloranthaceae Orders

Shown are the orders of Casuarinaceae, Saururaceaem, Oiperaceae, and Chloranthaceae. Pictured are various…

Shown are the Urticaceae, Loranthaceae, and Olacaceae orders. Urtica, banksia, protea, phoradendron, and liriosma are flowers of these orders that are illustrated here.

Urticaceae, Loranthaceae, and Olacaceae Orders

Shown are the Urticaceae, Loranthaceae, and Olacaceae orders. Urtica, banksia, protea, phoradendron,…

Pictured are the orders of Nyctanginaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Aizoaceae, and Portulacaceae. Flowers of those orders include: (1) mirabilis, (2) neea, (3) phytolacca, (4) molluga, (5) aizoon, (6) mesembryanthemum, and (7) calandrinia.

Nyctanginaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Aizoaceae, and Portulacaceae

Pictured are the orders of Nyctanginaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Aizoaceae, and Portulacaceae. Flowers of…

Pictured are the orders of Bassellaceae and Caryophyllaceae. The flower pictured belong to the Bassellaceae order is (1) boussingaultia. The flowers pictured that belong to the order of Caryophyllaceae are (2) silene, (3) agrostemma, (4) arenaria, (5) sagina, (6) spergula, and (7) paronychia.

Bassellaceae and Caryophyllaceae Order

Pictured are the orders of Bassellaceae and Caryophyllaceae. The flower pictured belong to the Bassellaceae…

Nymphaeaceae is an order of aquatic herbs including the water lily family. This order has eight genera and about sixty species. Pictured are various flowers belonging to the order.

Order of Nymphaeaceae

Nymphaeaceae is an order of aquatic herbs including the water lily family. This order has eight genera…

Shown are the orders of berberidaceae, menispermaceae, magnoliaceae, and calycanthaceae. The illustrated flowers of these orders are (1) berberis, (2) menispermum, (3) magnolia, and (4) calycanthus.

Berberidaceae, Menispermaceae, Mahnoliaceae, and Calycanthaceae Orders

Shown are the orders of berberidaceae, menispermaceae, magnoliaceae, and calycanthaceae. The illustrated…

The orders of Annonaceae, Myristicaceae, Monimiaceae, and Lauraceae are pictured. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated are (1) asimina, (2) annona, (3) myristica, (4) monimia, (5) cinnamomum, and (6) benzoin.

Annonaceae, Myristicaceae, Monimiaceae, and Lauraceae Orders

The orders of Annonaceae, Myristicaceae, Monimiaceae, and Lauraceae are pictured. The flowers of these…

Pictured are the orders of papaveraceae, fumariaceae, cruciferae, and capparidaceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated are (1) papaver, (2) chelidonium, (3) dicentra, (4) fumaria, and (8) cleome.

Orders of Papaveraceae, Fumariaceae, Cruciferae, and Capparidaceae

Pictured are the orders of papaveraceae, fumariaceae, cruciferae, and capparidaceae. The flowers of…

The orders pictured are sarraceniaceae, nepenthaceae, and droseraceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated are (1) sarracenia, (2) nepenthes, (3) drosera, (4) dionaea, and (5) aldrovanda.

Orders of Sarraceniaceae, Nepenthaceae, and Droseraceae

The orders pictured are sarraceniaceae, nepenthaceae, and droseraceae. The flowers of these orders that…

Pictured are the orders of crassulaceae, saxifragaceae, and cephalotacea. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated are (1) sedum, (2) saxifraga, (3) ribes, (4) parnassia, and (5) cephalotus.

Orders of Crassulaceae, Saxifragaceae, and Cephalotaceae

Pictured are the orders of crassulaceae, saxifragaceae, and cephalotacea. The flowers of these orders…

The orders of cunoniaceae, bruniaceae, and hamamelidaceae are pictured. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated are (1) cunonia, (2) brunia, (3) hamamelis, and (4) liquidambar.

Orders of Cunoniaceae, Bruniaceae, and Hamamelidaceae

The orders of cunoniaceae, bruniaceae, and hamamelidaceae are pictured. The flowers of these orders…

Pictured are the orders of plantanceae, rosaceae, and leguminosae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated are (1) platanus, (2) fragaria, (3) geum, (4) rosa, (5) spiraea, (6) prunus, (7) pyrus, (8) pisum, (9) desmodium, (10) cassia, and (11) acacia.

Orders of Plantanceae, Rosaceae, and Leguminosae

Pictured are the orders of plantanceae, rosaceae, and leguminosae. The flowers of these orders that…

Pictured are the orders of geraniacea, tropaeolaceae, and linaceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated are (1) geranium, (2) tropaeolum, and (3) linum.

Orders of Geraniaceae, Tropaeolaceae, and Linaceae

Pictured are the orders of geraniacea, tropaeolaceae, and linaceae. The flowers of these orders that…

Pictured are the orders of erythroxylaceae, zygophyllaceae, and rutaceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated are (1) erythroxylon, (2) zygophyllum, and (3) ruta.

Orders of Erythroxylaceae, Zygophyllaceae, and Rutaceae

Pictured are the orders of erythroxylaceae, zygophyllaceae, and rutaceae. The flowers of these orders…

The orders of simarubaceae, burseraceae, meliaceae, and malpighiaceae are pictured. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated are (1) ailanthus, (2) bursera, (3) swietenia, (4) cedrela, (5) melia, (6) camera, and (7) malpighia.

Orders of Simarubaceae, Burseraceae, Meliaceae, and Malpighiaceae

The orders of simarubaceae, burseraceae, meliaceae, and malpighiaceae are pictured. The flowers of these…

The orders pictured are tremandraceae, polygalaceae, and euphorbiaceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated are (1) platytheca, (2) polygala, (3) euphorbia, and (4) croton.

Orders of Tremandraceae, Polygalaceae, and Euphorbiaceae

The orders pictured are tremandraceae, polygalaceae, and euphorbiaceae. The flowers of these orders…

The orders pictured are empetraceae, coriariaceae, anacaridaceae, and cyrillaceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated include (1) empetrum, (2) coriaria, (3) rhus, (4) anacardium, and (5) cyrilla.

Orders of Empetraceae, Coriariaceae, Anacaridaceae, and Cyrillaceae

The orders pictured are empetraceae, coriariaceae, anacaridaceae, and cyrillaceae. The flowers of these…

The orders pictured are aquifoliaceae, celastraceae, stackhousiaceae, and staphyleaceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated include (1) ilex, (2) euonymus, (3) stackhousia, and (4) staphylea.

Orders of Aquifoliaceae, Celastraceae, Stackhousiaceae, and Staphyleaceae

The orders pictured are aquifoliaceae, celastraceae, stackhousiaceae, and staphyleaceae. The flowers…

The orders of aceraceae, hippocastanaceae, and sapindaceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated are (1) acer, (2) aesculus, (3) sapindus, and (4) koelreuteria.

Orders of Aceraceae, Hippocastanaceae, and Sapindaceae

The orders of aceraceae, hippocastanaceae, and sapindaceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated…

The orders pictured are balsaminaceae, rhamnaceae, vitaceae, and tiliaceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated include (1) impatiens, (2) rhamnus, (3) vitis, and (4) tilia.

Orders of Balsaminaceae, Rhamnaceae, Vitaceae, and Tiliaceae

The orders pictured are balsaminaceae, rhamnaceae, vitaceae, and tiliaceae. The flowers of these orders…

The orders pictured are malvaceae, bombacaceae, and dilleniaceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated include (1) malva, (2) hibiscus, (3) adansonia, (4) theobroma, and (5) dillenia.

Orders of Malvaceae, Bombacaceae, and Dilleniaceae

The orders pictured are malvaceae, bombacaceae, and dilleniaceae. The flowers of these orders that are…

Pictured are flowers from the order of ochnaceae. The flowers pictured are (1) ochna, (2) gordonia, and (3) thea.

Order of Ochnaceae

Pictured are flowers from the order of ochnaceae. The flowers pictured are (1) ochna, (2) gordonia,…

The orders of hypericacea, guttiferae, and tamaricaceae are pictured. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated include (1) hypericum, (2) vismia, (3) garcinia, and (4) tamarix.

Orders of Hypericaceae, Guttiferae, and Tamaricaceae

The orders of hypericacea, guttiferae, and tamaricaceae are pictured. The flowers of these orders that…

Flowers of the orders of cistaceae, bixaceae, violaceae, and passifloraceae are pictured. These flowers include (1) helianthemum, (2) cistus, (3) bixa, and (4) viola.

Orders of Cistaceae, Bixaceae, Violaceae, and Passifloraceae

Flowers of the orders of cistaceae, bixaceae, violaceae, and passifloraceae are pictured. These flowers…

Represented are the orders of caricaceae, loasaceae, begoniaceae, and cactaceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated include (1) carica, (2) loasa, (3) mentzelia, (4) begonia, (5) pilocereus, and (6) opuntia.

Orders of Caricaceae, Loasceae, Begoniaceae, and Cactaceae

Represented are the orders of caricaceae, loasaceae, begoniaceae, and cactaceae. The flowers of these…

Pictured are the orders of thymelaeaceae, elaeagnaceae, lythraceae, and punicaceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated include (1) daphne, (2) elaegnus, (3) lythrum, and (4) punica.

Orders of Thymelaeaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Lythraceae, and Punicaceae

Pictured are the orders of thymelaeaceae, elaeagnaceae, lythraceae, and punicaceae. The flowers of these…

Pictured are the orders of Lecythidaceae, Rhizophoraceae, Combretaceae, Myrtaceae, and Melastomaceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated include (1) lecythis, (2) rhizophora, (3) combretum, (4) jambosa, (5) eucalyptus, and (6) melastoma.

Orders of Lecythidaceae, Rhizophoraceae, Combretaceae, Myrtaceae, and Melastomaceae

Pictured are the orders of Lecythidaceae, Rhizophoraceae, Combretaceae, Myrtaceae, and Melastomaceae.…

Pictured are flowers from the orders onagraceae and haloragidaceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated are (1) oenothera, (2) epilobium, (3) circaea, and (4) myriophyllum.

Orders of Onagraceae and Haloragidaceae

Pictured are flowers from the orders onagraceae and haloragidaceae. The flowers of these orders that…

Pictured are flowers of the orders araliaceae and umbelliferae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated include (1) aralia, (2) hedera, (3) cicutat, (4) foeniculum, (5) artedia, and (6) apium. (7) represents the fruits of umbelliferae.

Orders of Araliaceae and Umbelliferae

Pictured are flowers of the orders araliaceae and umbelliferae. The flowers of these orders that are…

Pictured are the orders of clethraceae, pyrolaceae, and ericaceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated include (1) clethra, (2) pyrola, (andromeda, (4) kalmia, (5) rhododendron, (6) erica, and (7) vaccinium.

Orders of Clethraceae, Pyrolaceae, and Ericaceae

Pictured are the orders of clethraceae, pyrolaceae, and ericaceae. The flowers of these orders that…

Pictured are flowers of the orders diapensiaceae, primulaceae, and plumbaginaceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated include (1) diapensia, (2) primula, (3) armeria, (4) statice, and (5) plumbago.

Orders of Diapensiaceae, Primulaceae, and Plumbaginaceae

Pictured are flowers of the orders diapensiaceae, primulaceae, and plumbaginaceae. The flowers of these…

Pictured are flowers of the orders sapotaceae, ebenaceae, styracaceae, and symplocaceae. The flowers that are illustrated are (1) lucuma, (2) sideroxylon, (3) diospyros, (4) styrax, and (5) symplocos.

Orders of Sapotaceae, Ebenaceae, Styracaceae, and Symplocaceae

Pictured are flowers of the orders sapotaceae, ebenaceae, styracaceae, and symplocaceae. The flowers…

Pictured are the flowers and fruits of the orders oleaceae, loganiaceae, gentianaceae, and apocynaceae. The flowers and fruits illustrated are (1) olea, (2) fraxinus, (3) logania, (4) gentiana, (5) apocynum, and (6) vinca.

Orders of Oleaceae, Loganiaceae, Gentianaceae, and Apocynaceae

Pictured are the flowers and fruits of the orders oleaceae, loganiaceae, gentianaceae, and apocynaceae.…

Pictured are flowers of the orders asclepiadaceae, convolvulaceae, polemoniaceae, and hydrophyllaceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated are (1) asclepias, (2) convolvulus, (3) phlox, (4) polemonium, (5) hydrophyllum, and (6) phacelia.

Orders of Asclepiadaceae, Convolvulaceae, Polemoniaceae, and Hydrophyllaceae

Pictured are flowers of the orders asclepiadaceae, convolvulaceae, polemoniaceae, and hydrophyllaceae.…

Pictured are flowers of the order boraginaceae, verbenaceae, labiatae, and nolanaceae. The flowers of these orders that are illustrated are (1) borago, (2) symphytum, (3) cynoglosum, (4) omphalodes, (5) verbena, (6) lantana, (7) mentha, (8) thymus, (9) salvia, (10) lamium, and (11) nolana.

Orders of Boraginaceae, Verbenaceae, Labiatae, and Nolanaceae

Pictured are flowers of the order boraginaceae, verbenaceae, labiatae, and nolanaceae. The flowers of…

Pictured are flowers of the orders solanaceae, scrophulariaceae, bignoiaceae, and pedaliaceae. The flowers illustrated are (1) solanum, (2) nicotiana, (3) verbascum, (4) antirrhinum, (5) scrophularia, (6) campsis, and (7) sesamum.

Orders of Solanaceae, Scrophylariaceae, Bignoniaceae, and Pedaliaceae.

Pictured are flowers of the orders solanaceae, scrophulariaceae, bignoiaceae, and pedaliaceae. The flowers…

Pictured are flowers of the orders martyniaceae, gesneriaceae, lentibulariaceae, and globulariaceae. The flowers illustrated are (1) martynia, (2) gesneria, (3) achimenes, (4) utricularia, (5) globularia, and (6) cockburnia.

Orders of Martyniaceae, Gesneriaceae, Lentibulariaceae, and Globulariaceae

Pictured are flowers of the orders martyniaceae, gesneriaceae, lentibulariaceae, and globulariaceae.…

Pictured are flowers of the orders acanthaceae, myoporaceae, phrymaceae, and plantaginaceae. The flowers illustrated are (1) ruellia, (2) justicia, (3) myoporum, (4) phryma, and (5) plantago.

Orders of Acanthaceae, Myoporaceae, Phrymaceae, and Plantaginaceae

Pictured are flowers of the orders acanthaceae, myoporaceae, phrymaceae, and plantaginaceae. The flowers…

Pictured are flowers of the orders rubiaceae and valerianaceae. The flowers pictured are (1) galium, (2) houstonia, (3) bouvardia, (4) lonicera, and (5) valeriana.

Orders of Rubiaceae and Valerianaceae

Pictured are flowers of the orders rubiaceae and valerianaceae. The flowers pictured are (1) galium,…