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"It will be observed that the charge upon the shield in this instance is not the Cross, but the lozenges."—Aveling, 1891

Four Fusils in Cross

"It will be observed that the charge upon the shield in this instance is not the Cross, but the lozenges."—Aveling,…

A heraldic shield with a charge of a cross with four ermine spots.

Cross of Four Ermine Spots

A heraldic shield with a charge of a cross with four ermine spots.

A heraldic shield with a Cross patée charge.

Cross Patée

A heraldic shield with a Cross patée charge.

A variation of the heraldic charge Cross patée, with concave colors.

Cross Patée Concaved

A variation of the heraldic charge Cross patée, with concave colors.

"A Cross Fleury, or Fleurie, is borne in the arms of Lord Brougham and Vaux. It is not very unlike the Cross Patonce, but the extremities are less spreading."—Aveling, 1891

Cross Fleury

"A Cross Fleury, or Fleurie, is borne in the arms of Lord Brougham and Vaux. It is not very unlike the…

"The Cross Recercelée is very similar to the Cross Moline, but the extremities are curled backwards."—Aveling, 1891

Cross Recercelée

"The Cross Recercelée is very similar to the Cross Moline, but the extremities are curled backwards."—Aveling,…

A heraldic shield with a charge cross in which the extremities terminate with fleurs-de-lis.

Cross Fleur-De-Lis

A heraldic shield with a charge cross in which the extremities terminate with fleurs-de-lis.

"A description of cross, with the ends or extremities bent at right angles."—Avelin, 1891

Fylot Shield

"A description of cross, with the ends or extremities bent at right angles."—Avelin, 1891

The heraldic charge borne by the eighth eldest son in a family.

The Cross Moline

The heraldic charge borne by the eighth eldest son in a family.

"The Jewel or Badge, attached to the collar, or worn depending from a broad dark green ribbon which crosses the left shoulder, is formed of a figure of St. Andrew, of gold enamelled, his surcoat purpure, and his mantle vert, bearing before him his own cross saltire, the whole being irradiated with golden rays, and surrounded by an oval bearing the motto, 'nemo me impune lacessit.''"—Aveling, 1891

Insignia of the Order of the Thistle

"The Jewel or Badge, attached to the collar, or worn depending from a broad dark green ribbon which…

"Drumhead Savoy, which is a cross of the popular Curled Savoy and Drumhead, is a large-headed Savoy cabbage, tender and fine-flavored, a good winter variety."—Rawson, 1892

Short-Stem Drumhead

"Drumhead Savoy, which is a cross of the popular Curled Savoy and Drumhead, is a large-headed Savoy…

Underground fernery consists of a large cavity, dug in the middle of a hill, covered with sheet glass. Ferns are grown inside the cavity. A fountain supplies the necessary moisture.

View of Underground Fernery

Underground fernery consists of a large cavity, dug in the middle of a hill, covered with sheet glass.…

Kohlrabi is a distinct vegetable. It is often described as a cross between a cabbage and a turnip. The upper part of the stem swells in a large, fleshy head above ground, resembling a turnip.

Kohlrabi

Kohlrabi is a distinct vegetable. It is often described as a cross between a cabbage and a turnip. The…

Pictured are the stigmas, calyx, and nectary on flower A of the pelargonium blossom. Flower B pictures the calyx with ovary in cross section, nectary, and ovary. Flower C pictures the blossom with corolla removed. D and E are cross section of the ovary. F is the stamen.

Pelargonium Blossom and Nectary

Pictured are the stigmas, calyx, and nectary on flower A of the pelargonium blossom. Flower B pictures…

Pictured is the cross section of the pelargonium blossom ovary. (gh) represents the glandular hairs, (h) shows the hair, (cu) shows the cuticle, and (nc) pictures the nectar cells.

Cross Section Through Pelargonium Blossom Ovary

Pictured is the cross section of the pelargonium blossom ovary. (gh) represents the glandular hairs,…

Pictured is the pistil from the flower of a pea. A is the pistil from the side, (o) is the ovary, (s) is the style, and (st) is the stigma. B is the pistil opened lengthwise. C is the cross section to show the position of placenta.

Pistil from Flower of Pea

Pictured is the pistil from the flower of a pea. A is the pistil from the side, (o) is the ovary, (s)…

A shows the cross section of the ovary of actaea spicata. B shows the cross section of the ovary of paeonia.

Cross Section of Ovary of Actaea Spicata and Paeonia

A shows the cross section of the ovary of actaea spicata. B shows the cross section of the ovary of…

A shows the cross section of the ovary of the gooseberry flower is formed by two carpels joined near their edges. B shows the cross section of the ovary of potato formed by two carpels meeting in the middle.

Cross Section of Ovary of Flower of Gooseberry and Potato

A shows the cross section of the ovary of the gooseberry flower is formed by two carpels joined near…

Pictured are three cross sections from the ovary of hypericum hirsutum. A is from the upper part, B is from near the middle, and C is from the base of the ovary.

Three Cross Sections From Ovary of Hypericum Hirsutum

Pictured are three cross sections from the ovary of hypericum hirsutum. A is from the upper part, B…

The cross section of the ovary of the iris flower shows three carpels joined at center into a mass. The three parts are clearly traceable.

Cross Section of Ovary of Flower of Iris

The cross section of the ovary of the iris flower shows three carpels joined at center into a mass.…

In the cross section from the ovary of the primrose flower the carpels are completely united. The carpels form a ring in the section.

Cross Section from Ovary of Primrose Flower

In the cross section from the ovary of the primrose flower the carpels are completely united. The carpels…

A shows five carpels joined in a central mass. B shows a half grown ovary with a central mass bearing ovules apparently free.

Cross Sections of Ovary or Red Campion

A shows five carpels joined in a central mass. B shows a half grown ovary with a central mass bearing…

The ovary of astragalus is composed of several united carpels. Each carpel is divided into two cavities.

Cross Section of Nearly Ripe Pod of Astragalus

The ovary of astragalus is composed of several united carpels. Each carpel is divided into two cavities.

Pictured is a section of a half ripe cherry, (p) showing the pulpy flesh and (s) showing the stone.

Cross Section of Half Ripe Cherry

Pictured is a section of a half ripe cherry, (p) showing the pulpy flesh and (s) showing the stone.

Schizaeaceae: 1, aneimia, sporangium. Osmundaceae: 2, Osmunda, sporangium; a, front view, b, back view. Salviniaceae: 3, salvinia, a, whole plant; b, section of sporocarps showing sporangia. Marsileaceae: 4, marsilea, a, whole plant; b, sporocarp germinating; c, sporocarp emitting gelatinous thread with sori; 5, pilularia, a, cross section of sporocarp; b, sporocarp emitting sporangia.

Schizaeaceae, Osmundaceae, Salviniaceae, and Marrsileaceae

Schizaeaceae: 1, aneimia, sporangium. Osmundaceae: 2, Osmunda, sporangium; a, front view, b, back view.…

Pictured is the cross section of a leaf of <i>Agave attenuate</i>. The leaves are spreading with recurved tips. The leaves are usually 6-10 inches by 25-30 inches.

Cross Sections of Leaf of Agave Attenuata

Pictured is the cross section of a leaf of Agave attenuate. The leaves are spreading with recurved tips.…

Pictured is the cross section of a maple limb affected by <I>Fomes igniarius</I>. A young spore is shown as just emerging at the top of the picture.

Fomes Igniarius Infected Maple Limb

Pictured is the cross section of a maple limb affected by Fomes igniarius. A young spore is shown as…

The common name of <I>Ascyrum hypericoides</I> is St. Andrew's cross. The plant is branchy and grows a foot or less tall. The flowers are bright yellow.

Ascyrum Hypericoides

The common name of Ascyrum hypericoides is St. Andrew's cross. The plant is branchy and grows a foot…

Pictured is the cross section of an ovary of <I>Atalantia citrioides</I>.

Cross Section of Ovary of Atalantia Citrioides

Pictured is the cross section of an ovary of Atalantia citrioides.

Illustrated is the cross section of a stem of a tropical climber of the bignonia family. The stem is four parted.

Cross Section of Stem of Bignonia

Illustrated is the cross section of a stem of a tropical climber of the bignonia family. The stem is…

Illustrated is a normal, two chambered fruit of capsicum. The common names of capsicum are red pepper and cayenne pepper. Illustrated is a cross section.

Red Pepper

Illustrated is a normal, two chambered fruit of capsicum. The common names of capsicum are red pepper…

Illustrated is a cross section of a carnation flower showing reproductive organs.

Carnation Cross Section

Illustrated is a cross section of a carnation flower showing reproductive organs.

Illustrated is a cross section of the fruit and the whole fruit of carya ovata. The common names of shagbark hickory and little shellbark hickory.

Carya Ovata Fruit

Illustrated is a cross section of the fruit and the whole fruit of carya ovata. The common names of…

Illustrated is the cross section of a spreading board used for drying soft winged insects.

Spreading Board Section

Illustrated is the cross section of a spreading board used for drying soft winged insects.

Illustrated is the maze on St. Catherine's Hill in Winchester, England. The plant was made in 1710.

Maze

Illustrated is the maze on St. Catherine's Hill in Winchester, England. The plant was made in 1710.

Illustrated is a cross section of a greenhouse used for growing cucumbers. It is an east and west house, about 36 x 200 feet. The light is superior in this type of greenhouse.

Greenhouse for Cucumber

Illustrated is a cross section of a greenhouse used for growing cucumbers. It is an east and west house,…

Illustrated is a cross section of a greenhouse used for growing lettuce and cucumbers. The slanting side toward the right (north) is boarded and used for forcing rhubarb. The cucumber plants are trained vertically.

Greenhouse for Lettuce and Cucumber

Illustrated is a cross section of a greenhouse used for growing lettuce and cucumbers. The slanting…

The loganberry is a result of the cross between a wild blackberry and a red raspberry. The fruit is purplish red when ripe and is very large. The flavor has characteristics of both the blackberry and raspberry.

Loganberry

The loganberry is a result of the cross between a wild blackberry and a red raspberry. The fruit is…

Maltese cross, Jerusalem cross, and scarlet lightning are the common names of lychnis chalcedonica. The flowers are usually brick red to scarlet. The flowers bloom in June.

Maltese Cross

Maltese cross, Jerusalem cross, and scarlet lightning are the common names of lychnis chalcedonica.…

Illustrated are leaves of tomatoes. (1) lycopersicum esculentum grandiflorum, (2) vulgare variety, and (3) a cross of the two.

Tomato Leaves

Illustrated are leaves of tomatoes. (1) lycopersicum esculentum grandiflorum, (2) vulgare variety, and…

Illustrated are parts of the queensland nut, macadamia ternifolia: (a) nut, (b) cross section, and (c) longitudinal section.

Queensland Nut

Illustrated are parts of the queensland nut, macadamia ternifolia: (a) nut, (b) cross section, and (c)…

Pictured are the stamens of a vertical cross section of an ovary from a flower of the <i>brachyceras</i> group.

Brachyceras Group

Pictured are the stamens of a vertical cross section of an ovary from a flower of the brachyceras group.

Pictured are the stamens and a vertical section of the ovary of a flower of the lotos group.

Lotos Group

Pictured are the stamens and a vertical section of the ovary of a flower of the lotos group.

Four people riding in an old fashioned car going down a steep incline. The car is a convertible.

Antique Automobile on Steep Hill

Four people riding in an old fashioned car going down a steep incline. The car is a convertible.

A diagram of a cross-section of a power station at the South Side Elevated Railway Company in Chicago. This picture is a good analogy for a modern power house of comparative capacity.

Power House

A diagram of a cross-section of a power station at the South Side Elevated Railway Company in Chicago.…

A cross-over where two different lines of trolley wire cross at right angles.

Cross-over

A cross-over where two different lines of trolley wire cross at right angles.

A cross-over where two different lines of trolley wire meet at acute angles.

Cross-over

A cross-over where two different lines of trolley wire meet at acute angles.

Feeder insulators were previously made from glass, but the strain they endured caused them to crack, making glass an unsuitable material. The insulators were later made from molded mica to be used on poles at corners and curves to better endure with the strain. This model can take a cable up to 500,000 circular mils cross-section.

Feeder Insulator

Feeder insulators were previously made from glass, but the strain they endured caused them to crack,…

A mule is a member of the horse family. A mule is a cross between a male donkey and a female horse, while a hinny is a cross between a male horse and a female donkey, but is not the name of a female mule. Mules are more common than hinnies. Because horses and donkeys have different numbers of chromosomes,all male and most female mules and hinnies are infertile crossbreeds.

Mule & Hinny

A mule is a member of the horse family. A mule is a cross between a male donkey and a female horse,…

A cross-section of an American four-cylinder touring car.

Touring Car

A cross-section of an American four-cylinder touring car.

A cross-section view of a steam powered coach. The image reveals the boiler, the cylinders, and the mechanics of the driving wheel.

Mechanical Coach

A cross-section view of a steam powered coach. The image reveals the boiler, the cylinders, and the…

A Hancock Coach cross-sectioned in order to display the engine and driving connections. (A) is the exhaust pipe that leads steam to screen (C) and up the flue (D) along with other exhaust from grate (B). (E) is the boiler, (H) is the out-take pipe, (K) is the engine cylinder, (J) is the water-feed pump, (G) is a rotary fan that creates forced drought, and (F) is the flue leading to the grate.

Hancock Coaches

A Hancock Coach cross-sectioned in order to display the engine and driving connections. (A) is the exhaust…

As its name entails, this gear is useful at balancing out automobiles. This gear was employed often at the turn of the twentieth century. The upper image shows a cross section of the gear, the lower a top-down view.

Balance Gear

As its name entails, this gear is useful at balancing out automobiles. This gear was employed often…

Two views of a cross-sectioned car, one from the side, one from above.

Car Cross-Section

Two views of a cross-sectioned car, one from the side, one from above.

A sectional view of an early model car showing a propeller shaft drive through bevel gears to the rear axle.

Propeller-Shaft Drive

A sectional view of an early model car showing a propeller shaft drive through bevel gears to the rear…

A Worm and sector steering device, cross-sectioned. It was developed by Panhard-Levassor. The spindle of the steering wheel carries a worm gear at the base of the head.

Steering Device

A Worm and sector steering device, cross-sectioned. It was developed by Panhard-Levassor. The spindle…

<p>Haunted mansion on a hill on a forested moonlit backdrop.</p> <p>Illustrated by James Basom Seaman II</p>

Haunted Mansion

Haunted mansion on a hill on a forested moonlit backdrop. Illustrated by James Basom Seaman II

The Peteler locust crushing machine was a horse drawn device used to trap and kill locusts. Locusts were a serious hazard to agriculture in the 1800's; this device was one of many used in an attempt to cut back on overwhelming locust populations.

Peteler locust crushing machine

The Peteler locust crushing machine was a horse drawn device used to trap and kill locusts. Locusts…

A penetration twin of two pentagonal dodecahedrons (known as the iron cross), whose twinning plane is the rhombic dodecahedron, is shown in this figure (Pyrite).

Penetration Twin of Pyrite

A penetration twin of two pentagonal dodecahedrons (known as the iron cross), whose twinning plane is…

Any plant belonging to the genus Ficus is a fig. They are widely distributed in warm climates. Some bear edible fruit. This illustration shows a fig plant, as well as the male and female flowers, and a cross-section of the fruit of a fig.

Fig

Any plant belonging to the genus Ficus is a fig. They are widely distributed in warm climates. Some…