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Francis Wilkinson Pickens (April 7, 1805 – January 25, 1869) was an American lawyer and politician who served as Governor of South Carolina when the state seceded from the United States during the American Civil War.

Francis Wilkinson Pickens

Francis Wilkinson Pickens (April 7, 1805 – January 25, 1869) was an American lawyer and politician…

James Harrison Wilson (September 2, 1837 – February 23, 1925) was a United States Army topographic engineer, a Union Army General in the American Civil War and later wars, a railroad executive, and author.

James Harrison Wilson

James Harrison Wilson (September 2, 1837 – February 23, 1925) was a United States Army topographic…

Rear Admiral John Ancrum Winslow (1811 – 29 September 1873) was an officer in the United States Navy during the Mexican-American War and the American Civil War. He was in command of the steam sloop of war USS Kearsarge during her historic 1864 action with the Confederate ship Alabama.

John Ancrum Winslow

Rear Admiral John Ancrum Winslow (1811 – 29 September 1873) was an officer in the United States…

The electric eel, Electrophorus electricus, is a species of fish. It is capable of generating powerful electric shocks, which it uses for both hunting and self-defense. It is an apex predator in its South American range. Despite its name it is not an eel at all but rather a knifefish.

Electric Eel

The electric eel, Electrophorus electricus, is a species of fish. It is capable of generating powerful…

Henry Alexander Wise (December 3, 1806 – September 12, 1876) was an American statesman from Virginia. Henry A. Wise served in the United States Congress from 1833 to 1844. Wise was active in securing the election of John Tyler as Vice President in 1840. Tyler appointed Wise as United States minister to Brazil from 1844 to 1847, where two of his children were born in Rio de Janeiro. After his return, Wise identified with the Democratic Party. In 1855, after a remarkable campaign, he was elected governor of Virginia over the Know Nothing candidate. Wise served as a Brigadier General in the Confederate Army. He commanded a brigade in the Army of Northern Virginia during the siege of Petersburg, and was promoted to the rank of Major General after the Battle of Sayler's Creek.

Henry Alexander Wise

Henry Alexander Wise (December 3, 1806 – September 12, 1876) was an American statesman from Virginia.…

John Ellis Wool (February 20, 1784 – November 10, 1869) was an officer in the United States Army during three consecutive U.S. wars: the War of 1812, the Mexican-American War and the oldest Union general of the American Civil War. By the time of the Mexican-American War, he was widely considered one of the most capable officers in the army and a superb organizer. He was one of the four general officers of the United States Army in 1861, and was the one who saw the most Civil War service. When the war began, Wool, at age 77, a brigadier general for 20 years, commanded the Department of the East.

John Ellis Wool

John Ellis Wool (February 20, 1784 – November 10, 1869) was an officer in the United States Army…

John Lorimer Worden (12 March 1818 – 19 October 1897) was a U.S. Admiral who served in the American Civil War. He commanded Monitor against the Confederate vessel Virginia (originally named Merrimack) in first battle of ironclad ships in 1862.

John Lorimer Worden

John Lorimer Worden (12 March 1818 – 19 October 1897) was a U.S. Admiral who served in the American…

George Edward Pickett (January 16, January 25 or January 28, 1825 – July 30, 1875) was a career United States Army officer who became a general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.

George Edward Pickett

George Edward Pickett (January 16, January 25 or January 28, 1825 – July 30, 1875) was a career…

Leonidas Polk (April 10, 1806 – June 14, 1864) was a Confederate general who was once a planter in Maury County, Tennessee, and a second cousin of President James K. Polk.

Leonidas Polk

Leonidas Polk (April 10, 1806 – June 14, 1864) was a Confederate general who was once a planter…

John Pope (March 16, 1822 – September 23, 1892) was a career United States Army officer and Union general in the American Civil War.

John Pope

John Pope (March 16, 1822 – September 23, 1892) was a career United States Army officer and Union…

Fitz John Porter (August 31, 1822 – May 21, 1901) (sometimes written FitzJohn Porter) was a career United States Army officer and a Union General during the American Civil War.

Fitz John Porter

Fitz John Porter (August 31, 1822 – May 21, 1901) (sometimes written FitzJohn Porter) was a career…

Sterling Price (September 20, 1809 – September 29, 1867) was a lawyer, politician, and militia general from the U.S. state of Missouri, an American Army general during the Mexican-American War, and a Confederate Army major general during the American Civil War.

Sterling Price

Sterling Price (September 20, 1809 – September 29, 1867) was a lawyer, politician, and militia…

Richard Yates (January 18, 1818 – November 27, 1873) was governor of Illinois during the American Civil War and has been considered the greatest war governor during that period. When the war began Gov. Yates sent more Illinois troops to aid the Union than any other state. He also represented Illinois in the United States House of Representatives, 1851–1855 and as a U.S. Senator, 1865–1871.

Richard Yates

Richard Yates (January 18, 1818 – November 27, 1873) was governor of Illinois during the American…

Fort Pulaski was prepared for a possible infantry attack. However, Fort Pulaski never endured a direct land assault. With 36 guns, including the new James Rifled Cannon, Union troops began a long sustained bombardment of Fort Pulaski.

Breach in Fort Pulaski

Fort Pulaski was prepared for a possible infantry attack. However, Fort Pulaski never endured a direct…

The Yazoo River was of major importance during the American Civil War. The first electrically detonated underwater mine was used on the river in 1862 near Vicksburg to sink the Union ironclad USS Cairo. The last section of the Cairo was raised on December 12, 1964. It has been restored and is now on permanent display to the public at the Vicksburg National Military Park. There are 29 sunken ships from the Civil War beneath the waters of the river.

Gunboats Ascending the Yazoo River

The Yazoo River was of major importance during the American Civil War. The first electrically detonated…

The Red River Campaign or Red River Expedition consisted of a series of battles fought along the Red River in Louisiana during the American Civil War. Pictured here is the fleet passing the dam.

Red River Expedition

The Red River Campaign or Red River Expedition consisted of a series of battles fought along the Red…

Whitelaw Reid (October 27, 1837 – December 15, 1912) was a U.S. politician and newspaper editor, as well as the author of a popular history of Ohio in the Civil War.

Whitelaw Reid

Whitelaw Reid (October 27, 1837 – December 15, 1912) was a U.S. politician and newspaper editor, as…

The Battle of Resaca was part of the Atlanta Campaign of the American Civil War.

Battle of Resaca

The Battle of Resaca was part of the Atlanta Campaign of the American Civil War.

Governor Smith leaving Richmond during the American Civil War campaign against Richmond.

Governor Smith Leaving Richmond

Governor Smith leaving Richmond during the American Civil War campaign against Richmond.

Libby Prison was a Confederate Prison at Richmond, Virginia, during the American Civil War.

Libby Prison, Richmond

Libby Prison was a Confederate Prison at Richmond, Virginia, during the American Civil War.

The devastation in Richmond Virginia following the campaign against Richmond.

Devastation in Richmond

The devastation in Richmond Virginia following the campaign against Richmond.

The Battle of Rich Mountain took place on July 11, 1861, in Randolph County, Virginia as part of the Operations in Western Virginia Campaign during the American Civil War.

Battle of Rich Mountain

The Battle of Rich Mountain took place on July 11, 1861, in Randolph County, Virginia as part of the…

James Brewerton Ricketts (June 21, 1817 – September 22, 1887) was a career officer in the United States Army, serving as a general in the Eastern Theater during the American Civil War.

James Brewerton Ricketts

James Brewerton Ricketts (June 21, 1817 – September 22, 1887) was a career officer in the United…

The Great Seal of the State of South Carolina. The seal shows two ovals with palmetto tree branches. On the left is a palmetto tree with 'Animis Opibusoue Parati' meaning "Prepared in Mind and Resources." On the right there is Spes or Hope. Underneath her, is the motto 'Dum Spiro Spero' meaning "While I Breathe I Hope."

Seal of South Carolina

The Great Seal of the State of South Carolina. The seal shows two ovals with palmetto tree branches.…

The Great Seal of the State of South Dakota, 1889. The seal shows hills, a river and a boat, a farmer, a mine, and cattle. The state motto is above and reads "Under God the People Rule."

Seal of South Dakota

The Great Seal of the State of South Dakota, 1889. The seal shows hills, a river and a boat, a farmer,…

Felix Kirk Zollicoffer (May 19, 1812 – January 19, 1862) was a newspaperman, three-term United States Congressman from Tennessee, officer in the United States Army, and a Confederate brigadier general during the American Civil War. He led the first Confederate invasion of neutral Kentucky and was killed in action at the Battle of Mill Springs, the first Confederate general to perish in the Western Theater.

Felix Kirk Zollicoffer

Felix Kirk Zollicoffer (May 19, 1812 – January 19, 1862) was a newspaperman, three-term United States…

Zouave was the title given to certain infantry regiments in the French army, normally serving in French North Africa between 1831 and 1962. The name was also adopted during the 19th century by units in other armies, especially volunteer regiments raised for service in the American Civil War. The 11th New York was initially led by Col. Elmer E. Ellsworth, until his death in 1861. The regiment was badly mauled during the First Battle of Bull Run in July 1861 as it acted as the rear guard for the retreating Army of the Potomac.

Ellsworth Zouave

Zouave was the title given to certain infantry regiments in the French army, normally serving in French…

John Rodgers (8 August 1812 – 5 May 1882) was an admiral in the United States Navy.

Rear Admiral John Rodgers

John Rodgers (8 August 1812 – 5 May 1882) was an admiral in the United States Navy.

William Starke Rosecrans (September 6, 1819 – March 11, 1898) was an inventor, coal-oil company executive, diplomat, politician, and United States Army officer.

William Starke Rosecrans

William Starke Rosecrans (September 6, 1819 – March 11, 1898) was an inventor, coal-oil company…

Lovell Harrison Rousseau (August 4, 1818 – January 7, 1869) was a general in the United States and Union Armies during the American Civil War and a successful lawyer and politician in both Kentucky and Indiana.

Lovell Harrison Rousseau

Lovell Harrison Rousseau (August 4, 1818 – January 7, 1869) was a general in the United States…

Stephen Clegg Rowan (1808 – 31 March 1890) was an admiral in the United States Navy who served during the Mexican-American War and the American Civil War.

Stephen Clegg Rowan

Stephen Clegg Rowan (1808 – 31 March 1890) was an admiral in the United States Navy who served…

Edward Rutledge (November 23, 1749 – January 23, 1800), South Carolina statesman, was a signer of the Declaration of Independence and later governor of South Carolina.

Edward Rutledge

Edward Rutledge (November 23, 1749 – January 23, 1800), South Carolina statesman, was a signer of…

Beni Hasan (also written as Bani Hasan, or also Beni-Hassan) is a village in Middle Egypt about 25 km south of al Minya, on the east bank of the Nile, with remarkable catacombs that have been excavated. During the Middle Kingdom, it was the center of the cult of Pakhet.

Tomb at Beni-Hassan

Beni Hasan (also written as Bani Hasan, or also Beni-Hassan) is a village in Middle Egypt about 25 km…

Beni Hasan (also written as Bani Hasan, or also Beni-Hassan) is a village in Middle Egypt about 25 km south of al Minya, on the east bank of the Nile, with remarkable catacombs that have been excavated. During the Middle Kingdom, it was the center of the cult of Pakhet.

Section and Half-Plan of a Tomb at Beni-Hassan

Beni Hasan (also written as Bani Hasan, or also Beni-Hassan) is a village in Middle Egypt about 25 km…

An illustration of the flower (a) and the fruit (b) of the gutta-percha. Gutta-percha (Palaquium) is a genus of tropical trees native to Southeast Asia and northern Australasia, from Taiwan south to Malaya and east to the Solomon Islands. It is also an inelastic natural latex produced from the sap of these trees. The word 'gutta-percha' comes from the plant's name in Malay, getah perca, which translates as "percha rubber".

Gutta-percha

An illustration of the flower (a) and the fruit (b) of the gutta-percha. Gutta-percha (Palaquium) is…

The Hercules beetle (Dynastes hercules) is the most famous of the rhinoceros beetles. Native to the rain forests of Central and South America, they also can be found in coastal regions of North Carolina, their title is well deserved, with some (exceptionally rare) males reaching 6.75 inches (170 mm) in length. It is the largest of the 6 species in the Dynastes genus, and one of the largest beetles known.

Hercules Beetle

The Hercules beetle (Dynastes hercules) is the most famous of the rhinoceros beetles. Native to the…

The Confederate privateers were privately owned ships that were authorized by the government of the Confederate States of America to attack the shipping of the United States.

The Savannah, Confederate Privateer

The Confederate privateers were privately owned ships that were authorized by the government of the…

Carl Schurz (March 2, 1829 – May 14, 1906) was a German revolutionary, American statesman and reformer, and Union Army General in the American Civil War.

Carl Schurz

Carl Schurz (March 2, 1829 – May 14, 1906) was a German revolutionary, American statesman and…

John Sedgwick (September 13, 1813 – May 9, 1864) was a teacher, a career military officer, and a Union Army general in the American Civil War.

General John Sedgwick

John Sedgwick (September 13, 1813 – May 9, 1864) was a teacher, a career military officer, and a Union…

Raphael Semmes (September 27, 1809 – August 30, 1877) was an officer in the United States Navy from 1826 to 1860 and the Confederate States Navy from 1860 to 1865.

Raphael Semmes

Raphael Semmes (September 27, 1809 – August 30, 1877) was an officer in the United States Navy…

William Rufus Shafter (October 16, 1835 – November 12, 1906) was a Union Army officer during the American Civil War who received America's highest military decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Fair Oaks.

William Rufus Shafter

William Rufus Shafter (October 16, 1835 – November 12, 1906) was a Union Army officer during the…

John Sherman nicknamed "The Ohio Icicle" (May 10, 1823 – October 22, 1900) was a U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator from Ohio during the Civil War and into the late nineteenth century.

John Sherman

John Sherman nicknamed "The Ohio Icicle" (May 10, 1823 – October 22, 1900) was a U.S. Representative…

William Tecumseh Sherman served as a General in the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861–65). He is pictured here with his generals.

Sherman and His Generals

William Tecumseh Sherman served as a General in the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861–65).…

William Tecumseh Sherman served as a General in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Here his troops are burning a railroad station.

Sherman's Troops Burning a Railroad Station

William Tecumseh Sherman served as a General in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Here his…

William Tecumseh Sherman's headquarters during the March to the Sea.

Sherman's Headquarters

William Tecumseh Sherman's headquarters during the March to the Sea.

William Tecumseh Sherman's headquarters in Savannah.

Sherman's Headquarters in Savannah

William Tecumseh Sherman's headquarters in Savannah.

Daniel Edgar Sickles (October 20, 1819 – May 3, 1914) was a colorful and controversial American politician, Union General in the American Civil War, and diplomat.

Daniel Edgar Sickles

Daniel Edgar Sickles (October 20, 1819 – May 3, 1914) was a colorful and controversial American…

Franz Sigel (November 18, 1824 – August 21, 1902) was a German military officer and immigrant to the United States who was a teacher, newspaperman, politician, and served as a Union major general in the American Civil War.

Franz Sigel

Franz Sigel (November 18, 1824 – August 21, 1902) was a German military officer and immigrant to the…

Henry Warner Slocum (September 24, 1827 – April 14, 1894), was a Union general during the American Civil War and later served in the United States House of Representatives from New York.

Henry Warner Slocum

Henry Warner Slocum (September 24, 1827 – April 14, 1894), was a Union general during the American…

A view of the historic city Charleston in South Carolina.

Charleston, S.C.

A view of the historic city Charleston in South Carolina.

The United States Custom House in Charleston, South Carolina.

The Custom House in Charleston

The United States Custom House in Charleston, South Carolina.

David F. Jamison (1810-1864) was one of the founders of the Citadel and was elected president of the South Carolina secession convention in 1860.

David F. Jamison

David F. Jamison (1810-1864) was one of the founders of the Citadel and was elected president of the…

A small medal was struck in commemoration of the great act of separation of South Carolina. They became a separate, free, independent State.

South Carolina Medal

A small medal was struck in commemoration of the great act of separation of South Carolina. They became…

On the day that South Carolina proclaimed sovereignty, a banner for the new state was adopted.

South Carolina Flag

On the day that South Carolina proclaimed sovereignty, a banner for the new state was adopted.

A colonial gate in Charleston, South Carolina.

A Colonial Gate

A colonial gate in Charleston, South Carolina.

The Battle of South Mountain (known in several early Southern accounts as the Battle of Boonsboro Gap) was fought September 14, 1862, as part of the Maryland Campaign of the American Civil War.

Battle of South Mountain

The Battle of South Mountain (known in several early Southern accounts as the Battle of Boonsboro Gap)…

John Sedgwick (September 13, 1813 – May 9, 1864) was a teacher, a career military officer, and a Union Army general in the American Civil War. His death at the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House is often considered a well known tale of irony.

Scene of Sedgwick's Death

John Sedgwick (September 13, 1813 – May 9, 1864) was a teacher, a career military officer, and…

The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, sometimes simply referred to as the Battle of Spotsylvania, was the second battle in Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's 1864 Overland Campaign of the American Civil War.

Spotsylvania Courthouse

The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, sometimes simply referred to as the Battle of Spotsylvania,…

The angle between the Union II and VI Corps became known as the "Bloody Angle of Spotsylvania", where perhaps some of the most savage fighting of the whole Civil War took place.

Bloody Angle of Spotsylvania

The angle between the Union II and VI Corps became known as the "Bloody Angle of Spotsylvania", where…

Edwin McMasters Stanton (December 19, 1814 – December 24, 1869) was an American lawyer, politician, United States Attorney General in 1860-61 and Secretary of War through most of the American Civil War and Reconstruction era.

Edwin McMasters Stanton

Edwin McMasters Stanton (December 19, 1814 – December 24, 1869) was an American lawyer, politician,…