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An image depicting the city of ancient Corinth.

Ancient Corinth

An image depicting the city of ancient Corinth.

"It was during the siege of Methone that Philip had the misfortune to lose on of his eyes. A random arrow discharged from the rampart fell square in the king's face and destroyed one-half of his sight. When the arrow-head was drawn away, it was found to contain the following label: "Astor to Philip's right eye." It appeared on inquiry that the unerring missile had been discharged by an offended archer who has recently offered his services to the king and been rejected. He hd represented to Philip that his skill with the bow was great that he could kill a small bird on the wing. The king not believing the story had put off the applicant with the remark, "Well, well, I shall make use of thee when I go to war with the starlings." Astor has then joined the Methoneans and now vindicated his skill in a way never to be forgotten."—Ridpath, 1885

Astor to Philip's Right Eye

"It was during the siege of Methone that Philip had the misfortune to lose on of his eyes. A random…

One of the Panhellenic Games of Ancient Greece. They were held both the year before and the year after the Olympic Games.

The Isthmian Games

One of the Panhellenic Games of Ancient Greece. They were held both the year before and the year after…

Statue of the Greek god Helios. It is currently considered to be one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It was one of the tallest statues during its time, standing at over 30 meters (107 feet).

Colossus at Rhodes

Statue of the Greek god Helios. It is currently considered to be one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient…

A classical Greek philosopher. He has become known for his contribution to the field of ethics, and is credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy.

Socrates

A classical Greek philosopher. He has become known for his contribution to the field of ethics, and…

A German composer and pianist. He is considered to have been the most crucial figure in the transitional period between the Classical and Romantic eras in classical music.

Ludwig van Beethoven

A German composer and pianist. He is considered to have been the most crucial figure in the transitional…

A popular Greek revolutionary and Prime Minister of Greece, serving from 1910 to 1920 and again from 1928 to 1932.

Eleutherios Venizelos

A popular Greek revolutionary and Prime Minister of Greece, serving from 1910 to 1920 and again from…

An ancient Greek ship.

Greek Ship

An ancient Greek ship.

"A group of Greek soldiers, drawn from sculptured figures in the temple pediment."—Gordy, 1912

Greek Soldiers

"A group of Greek soldiers, drawn from sculptured figures in the temple pediment."—Gordy, 1912

The messenger of the gods in Greek mythology.

Hermes

The messenger of the gods in Greek mythology.

An Eastern Orthodox monastery of Mount Athos in Greece.

Simonopetra Monastery

An Eastern Orthodox monastery of Mount Athos in Greece.

"The monks also became copyists, and with great painstaking and industry gathered and multiplied ancient manuscripts, and thus preserved and transmitted to the modern world much classical learning and literature that would otherwise have been lost."—Myers, 1905

Monk Copyist

"The monks also became copyists, and with great painstaking and industry gathered and multiplied ancient…

"Showing the influence of ancient classical art upon the art of the Renaissance."—Myers, 1905

Tomb at Tours of the Children of Charles VIII

"Showing the influence of ancient classical art upon the art of the Renaissance."—Myers, 1905

An ancient Greek town. In Greek mythology, the most important oracle resided at Delphi.

Delphi

An ancient Greek town. In Greek mythology, the most important oracle resided at Delphi.

Also known as Discobolus. The Discus Thrower is a famous, ancient bronze statue that demonstrates a man participating in an ancient sport.

The Discus Thrower

Also known as Discobolus. The Discus Thrower is a famous, ancient bronze statue that demonstrates a…

An ancient sculpture representing an athlete using a strigil to scrape sweat and dust off his body.

Apoxyomenos

An ancient sculpture representing an athlete using a strigil to scrape sweat and dust off his body.

The Olympieum in Athens, Greece.

The Olympieum

The Olympieum in Athens, Greece.

"Paestum, the Greek Poseidonia, was a colony of Sybaris. The malarial atmosphere of the place led to its desertion in the ninth century of our era. Hence the buildings there were not used as quarries for later structures. The so-called 'Temple of Neptune' at Paestum is one of the best preserved monuments of antiquity."—Webster, 1913

Temple of Neptune

"Paestum, the Greek Poseidonia, was a colony of Sybaris. The malarial atmosphere of the place led to…

"From a Greek vase of about the time of the battle of Marathon."—Webster, 1913

Greek Soldiers in Arms

"From a Greek vase of about the time of the battle of Marathon."—Webster, 1913

"Near the southern extremity of the plain of Marathon rises a conical mound, 30 feet high. it covers the remains of the 192 Greeks who fell in the battle. Excavations undertaken in 1890-1891 disclosed ashes, human bones and fragments of pottery belonging to the era of the Persian wars."—Webster, 1913

The Mound at Marathon

"Near the southern extremity of the plain of Marathon rises a conical mound, 30 feet high. it covers…

A bay that connects with the Saronic Gulf to the west.

The Bay of Salamis

A bay that connects with the Saronic Gulf to the west.

An ancient ship used by Greeks and Romans. The ship has three rows of oars on each side, with a man operating each oar.

An Athenian Trireme

An ancient ship used by Greeks and Romans. The ship has three rows of oars on each side, with a man…

"A decree of the Council and Assembly dating from about 450 B.C."—Webster, 1913

An Athenian Inscription

"A decree of the Council and Assembly dating from about 450 B.C."—Webster, 1913

"Shows the bema, or platform, from which orators addressed the assembled citizens."—Webster, 1913

Pnyx

"Shows the bema, or platform, from which orators addressed the assembled citizens."—Webster, 1913

Also known as the Temple of Hephaestus. An ancient Athenian temple built about 440 B.C.

Theseum

Also known as the Temple of Hephaestus. An ancient Athenian temple built about 440 B.C.

"A tablet of Pentelic marble. Athena, leaning on her spear, is gazing with downcast head at a grave monument."—Webster, 1913

Mourning Athena

"A tablet of Pentelic marble. Athena, leaning on her spear, is gazing with downcast head at a grave…

A sculpture with a head or torso above a plain lower section.

An Archaic Herm

A sculpture with a head or torso above a plain lower section.

One of the earliest open-air theaters in Athens, Greece.

Theater of Dionysus

One of the earliest open-air theaters in Athens, Greece.

"A relief on the tomb of a certain Hegeso. It represents a woman, seated, taking a jewel from a casket held by an attendant."—Webster, 1913

An Athenian Gravestone

"A relief on the tomb of a certain Hegeso. It represents a woman, seated, taking a jewel from a casket…

The Temple of the Wingless Victory.

Temple of the Wingless Victory

The Temple of the Wingless Victory.

A depiction of the mythological combat between Achilles and Hector.

Combat Between Achilles and Hector

A depiction of the mythological combat between Achilles and Hector.

An ancient Greek boat with 50 oars.

Fifty-Oared Greek Boat

An ancient Greek boat with 50 oars.

Ancient Greek runners in the Olympic games.

Greek Runners

Ancient Greek runners in the Olympic games.

The coin of Cyrene, the mythological daughter of Hypseus, King of the Lapiths.

Coin of Cyrene

The coin of Cyrene, the mythological daughter of Hypseus, King of the Lapiths.

The coin of the ancient Greek city of Corinth.

Coin of Corinth

The coin of the ancient Greek city of Corinth.

A citizen-soldier of Ancient Greece.

Hoplite

A citizen-soldier of Ancient Greece.

A prominent Athenian statesman and member of the aristocratic family of the Alcmaeonidae.

Alcibiades

A prominent Athenian statesman and member of the aristocratic family of the Alcmaeonidae.

The anemone fulgens flower is a dazzling scarlet color with a black central patch of stamens. This flower grows in Greece and southern Europe.

Anemone Fulgens Flower

The anemone fulgens flower is a dazzling scarlet color with a black central patch of stamens. This flower…

Shown is a flower of perfect form and the crested variety of cyclamen persicum. The plant is native from Greece to Syria.

Cyclamen Persicum

Shown is a flower of perfect form and the crested variety of cyclamen persicum. The plant is native…

The flowers of the ice plant are small, whitish or varying to light rose color. It is native to South Africa, Greece, the Canary Islands, and south California. The flowers open in the sun.

Ice Plant

The flowers of the ice plant are small, whitish or varying to light rose color. It is native to South…

An image of the Acropolis, as it was, seated in Athens, Greece. The Acropolis is an ancient, famed citadel that rests on a rocky outcrop above the city of Athens, and is a part of the World Heritage List.

The Acropolis

An image of the Acropolis, as it was, seated in Athens, Greece. The Acropolis is an ancient, famed citadel…

This illustration shows various types of gladiators, each type with with his specific weapons attributed to him. Gladiators were swordsmen whose profession was to fight for the public amusement. Gladiators are said to have been borrowed by Rome from the Etruscans. They were first exhibited in Rome in 246 BC, primarily at funerals, but afterwards at festivals, particularly those celebrated by the aediles and other magistrates. More than ten thousand were shown at Trajan's triumph over the Dacians. They were either free-born citizens, usually of a low class, who fought for hire, or captives, slaves, or malefactors, and were kept in schools, where they were carefully trained. Chief varieties were Andabatae, who wore helmets with no openings for the eyes, so that their blindfold movements provoked the spectators' mirth; Mirmillones, who used Gallic weapons, sword and shield; Retiarii, who carried a net and a three-pronged lance -- the net to entangle their opponents; and Thraces, who, like the Thracians, used a short sword and a round buckler. When a gladiator was severely wounded and defeated, the people cried out 'Habet' (He has it), and he lowered his arms; then, if the spectators wished his life to be spared, they turned their thumbs down; but it they desired his death, they turned them up. These combats were often attended by great cruelty and callousness on the part of the spectators; sometimes they were fights à outrance, none being spared alive. Discharged gladiators were presented with a rudis, or wooden sword, and hence were called rudiarii. Gladiatorial combats were disliked by the Greeks, and practically never took place in Greek cities.

Gladiators

This illustration shows various types of gladiators, each type with with his specific weapons attributed…

A lyre, a stringed instrument commonly used in Greek Classical antiquity.

Lyre

A lyre, a stringed instrument commonly used in Greek Classical antiquity.

A psaltry, a stringed instrument belonging to the harp family. Originated in Greece.

The psaltry

A psaltry, a stringed instrument belonging to the harp family. Originated in Greece.

The Temple of Minerva in Athens.

Temple

The Temple of Minerva in Athens.

The Chateau of Chambord is located in the commune of Chambord in the Loire Valley, France. The castle is famous for its French Renaissance architecture that blends French Medieval with classical Italian styles. It was constructed by King Francois I, and is the largest castle in Loire Valley.

Chateau of Chambord

The Chateau of Chambord is located in the commune of Chambord in the Loire Valley, France. The castle…

The city of Athens, Greece as it looked circa 1912. The mountain in the background is Mount Lycabettus. Foliage can be seen peeking out from between modern buildings. It is a crowded cityscape.

The City of Athens Circa 1912

The city of Athens, Greece as it looked circa 1912. The mountain in the background is Mount Lycabettus.…

Illustration of a painting of the ancient Greeks returning victorious from the Battle of Salamis against the Persians. Athenian women run out to meet the soldiers as they emerge from their ships. Ships' masts can be seen to the right. One soldier rears up on horseback.

The Victors of Salamis by Fernand Cormon

Illustration of a painting of the ancient Greeks returning victorious from the Battle of Salamis against…

Illustration of the Acropolis restored to what it may have looked like when originally completed. The view is from the front and you can see the propylaea. The hill can be seen sloping steeply downward (left) and the city of Athens can be seen in the background, built around the hill. Two figures climb the steps at the front of the complex.

The Acropolis of Athens - Restoration of the Propylaea

Illustration of the Acropolis restored to what it may have looked like when originally completed. The…

Illustration of the life-size marble statue located in Munich, Germany. It was found in 1620 in a moat below Castel Sant'Angelo in Rome. Satyrs attended Dionysus. The satyr in this scuplture is leaning back with his arm behind his head. He has two small horns on his forehead, but otherwise no goat-like features. "In classical myth, a sylvan deity, representing the luxuriant forces of Nature, and closely connected with the worship of Baachus." —Whitney, 1889

The Barberini Faun, or Drunken Satyr

Illustration of the life-size marble statue located in Munich, Germany. It was found in 1620 in a moat…

The base of the column, torus, displays a concave molding called a scotia. This type of base was not present in the Greek Doric architecture, but are present throughout Ionic and Corinthian columns. The column is fluted. The Erechtheum, or Erechtheion is an ancient Greek temple on the north side of the Acropolis in Athens, Greece. a. sotia.

The Base of an Ionic Column at the Erechtheum

The base of the column, torus, displays a concave molding called a scotia. This type of base was not…