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"Derived from the Sanscrit word Svasti, which means good pretence. It dates bck three or four thousand years B.C. and has been found in nearly all excavations of prehistoric times and among the relics of primitive people all over the world. It has been known alike to Ancient Greeks, Egyptians, Chinese, Japanese, East Indians, Aztecs, mound builders, and the North and South American Indians, with all of whom it has a similar meaning, viz., good luck and happiness. In Indian it is drawn below the seats intended for bridegrooms, below the plates containing food to be offered to gods and is tattooed on the arms. It is drawn on the scalp at the thread ceremony and on the dorsum of the feet on all auspicious ceremonies, such as mariages, etc. The usual figure consists of four arms with the cross at right angles and the arms pointing in the direction of motion of a clock's hand, although it has been given different forms, as shown by the accompanying illustrations. It is very commonly used as a rug design, especially in the Chinese, Caucasian, Turkish, and Turkoman products."

Swastika Design

"Derived from the Sanscrit word Svasti, which means good pretence. It dates bck three or four thousand…

"Derived from the Sanscrit word Svasti, which means good pretence. It dates bck three or four thousand years B.C. and has been found in nearly all excavations of prehistoric times and among the relics of primitive people all over the world. It has been known alike to Ancient Greeks, Egyptians, Chinese, Japanese, East Indians, Aztecs, mound builders, and the North and South American Indians, with all of whom it has a similar meaning, viz., good luck and happiness. In Indian it is drawn below the seats intended for bridegrooms, below the plates containing food to be offered to gods and is tattooed on the arms. It is drawn on the scalp at the thread ceremony and on the dorsum of the feet on all auspicious ceremonies, such as mariages, etc. The usual figure consists of four arms with the cross at right angles and the arms pointing in the direction of motion of a clock's hand, although it has been given different forms, as shown by the accompanying illustrations. It is very commonly used as a rug design, especially in the Chinese, Caucasian, Turkish, and Turkoman products."

Swastika Design

"Derived from the Sanscrit word Svasti, which means good pretence. It dates bck three or four thousand…

"Derived from the Sanscrit word Svasti, which means good pretence. It dates bck three or four thousand years B.C. and has been found in nearly all excavations of prehistoric times and among the relics of primitive people all over the world. It has been known alike to Ancient Greeks, Egyptians, Chinese, Japanese, East Indians, Aztecs, mound builders, and the North and South American Indians, with all of whom it has a similar meaning, viz., good luck and happiness. In Indian it is drawn below the seats intended for bridegrooms, below the plates containing food to be offered to gods and is tattooed on the arms. It is drawn on the scalp at the thread ceremony and on the dorsum of the feet on all auspicious ceremonies, such as mariages, etc. The usual figure consists of four arms with the cross at right angles and the arms pointing in the direction of motion of a clock's hand, although it has been given different forms, as shown by the accompanying illustrations. It is very commonly used as a rug design, especially in the Chinese, Caucasian, Turkish, and Turkoman products."

Swastika Design

"Derived from the Sanscrit word Svasti, which means good pretence. It dates bck three or four thousand…

A tree of the nettle family, so named from the Osage Mountains of Arkansas, where it is native, but it is also found in other regions of North America. The leaves are flossy and alternate, and it bears a fruit somewhat resembling an orange in size and color, but it is not edible.

Osage Orange

A tree of the nettle family, so named from the Osage Mountains of Arkansas, where it is native, but…

An American explorer who is usually credited as the first person, on April 6, 1909, to reach the geographic North Pole.

Robert Peary

An American explorer who is usually credited as the first person, on April 6, 1909, to reach the geographic…

A genus of animals allied to the swine, and found extensively in South America and the southern parts of North America. There are two well known species, the white-lipped

Peccary

A genus of animals allied to the swine, and found extensively in South America and the southern parts…

A genus of lice classed with the aphidae, which feed as parasites on different kinds of plants. The most notd species is an injurious pest to the vine. This form is native to North America, where it was first observed in 1854.

Phylloxera

A genus of lice classed with the aphidae, which feed as parasites on different kinds of plants. The…

The eleventh President of the United States, serving from March 4, 1845 to March 3, 1849. Polk was born in Mecklenburg county, North Carolina, but mostly lived in and represented state of Tennessee.

James Polk

The eleventh President of the United States, serving from March 4, 1845 to March 3, 1849. Polk was born…

A genus of deciduous trees, widely distributed in the north temperate zone, particularly in the temperate parts of North America and Eurasia.

Poplar

A genus of deciduous trees, widely distributed in the north temperate zone, particularly in the temperate…

A sea mammal of the dolphin family, found extensively off the coasts of North America and Europe and in the Arctic regions.

Porpoise

A sea mammal of the dolphin family, found extensively off the coasts of North America and Europe and…

The common name of plants of the genus rosa. They have prickly stems and unequally pinnate leaves. About fifty species in a wild state have been described, most of which are confined to the north temperate zone.

Rose

The common name of plants of the genus rosa. They have prickly stems and unequally pinnate leaves. About…

A genus of wading birds allied to the sandpiper. They are found widely distributed in the northern parts of North America and Eurasia. They inhabit marshey places, and are migratory in their habits.

Ruff

A genus of wading birds allied to the sandpiper. They are found widely distributed in the northern parts…

The common name of a class of food fishes belonging to the genus salmo. They are common to both salt fresh waters, and are particularly abundant in the North Atlantic. There are a number of well-known species, all of which are among the most important marketable fishes, but those of the North Atlantic are most widely distributed, ranging north of New york in North America and north of Spain in Europe.

Salmon

The common name of a class of food fishes belonging to the genus salmo. They are common to both salt…

The general name of certain genera of carnivorous mammals, havin feet adapted for swimming, and being able to live both in and out of water.

Seal

The general name of certain genera of carnivorous mammals, havin feet adapted for swimming, and being…

A genus of quadrupeds of the weasel family, which are native to North America. They are about the size of a large cat.

Skunk

A genus of quadrupeds of the weasel family, which are native to North America. They are about the size…

A genus of birds allied to the crow family. They occur in Eurasia and North Africa.

Starling

A genus of birds allied to the crow family. They occur in Eurasia and North Africa.

The name commonly applied to several species of fishes of the salmon family. They are found mostly in the lakes of the northern regions of North America, and are generally favored among the food fishes.

Whitefish

The name commonly applied to several species of fishes of the salmon family. They are found mostly in…

An animal of the marmot family, which is native to the eastern part of North America, ranging from Alabama to Hudson Bay. The color is blackish above and chestnut-red below.

Woodchuck

An animal of the marmot family, which is native to the eastern part of North America, ranging from Alabama…

An Aquatic bird found in many parts of North America and northern Europe.

Diver

An Aquatic bird found in many parts of North America and northern Europe.

A rather large bird common to North America and Europe.

Guillemot

A rather large bird common to North America and Europe.

Any species of North American snake within the genus Thamnophis.

Garter-snake

Any species of North American snake within the genus Thamnophis.

A very large snake native to North America. It is known to reach lengths of up to twelve feet.

Pine Snake

A very large snake native to North America. It is known to reach lengths of up to twelve feet.

Small, bright-colored semiaquatic salamanders of North America, Europe and North Asia.

Newt

Small, bright-colored semiaquatic salamanders of North America, Europe and North Asia.

A bird mostly blue in color native to North America.

Blue Jay

A bird mostly blue in color native to North America.

This image shows Orleans in the fifteenth century. Orleans is a city and commune in north-central France.

Orleans

This image shows Orleans in the fifteenth century. Orleans is a city and commune in north-central France.

A black footed ferret commonly found in North America.

Black Footed Ferret

A black footed ferret commonly found in North America.

To graft two plants together using the tongue or whip grafting approach, you must first make a sloping cut in the rootstock with a 'tongue' pointing up. Next you must make a matching cut in the scion wood with a 'tongue' pointing downwards. Finally you join the two, ensuring maximum contact of the cambium layers. Bind with rafia or polythene tape and seal with grafting wax.

Tongue Grafting

To graft two plants together using the tongue or whip grafting approach, you must first make a sloping…

This illustration shows a portion of switchgrass. It is a warm-season plant and it is one of the dominany species of the central North America tallgrass prairie. Switchgrass can be found in remnant prairies, along roadsides, pastures or as an ornamental in gardens.

Redtop

This illustration shows a portion of switchgrass. It is a warm-season plant and it is one of the dominany…

Johann Paul Friedrich Richter (1763-1825) German humorist; born in Wunsiedel, North Bavaria. He published under the pen-name Jean Paul.

Jean Paul Richter

Johann Paul Friedrich Richter (1763-1825) German humorist; born in Wunsiedel, North Bavaria. He published…

This image shows the death of Louis-Joseph de Montcalm. Montcalm was the commander of the French forces in North America during the Seven Years' War. He is most remembered for his role in the Fall of Quebec, and remains a controversial figure.

Montcalm

This image shows the death of Louis-Joseph de Montcalm. Montcalm was the commander of the French forces…

The capital city of Egypt. It is located on the banks and islands of the Nile River in the north of Egypt.

Cairo

The capital city of Egypt. It is located on the banks and islands of the Nile River in the north of…

Adelaide's Botanical Gardens is a 125 acres of land, located inside the north east corner of Adelaide's parklands.

Adelaide Botanical Gardens

Adelaide's Botanical Gardens is a 125 acres of land, located inside the north east corner of Adelaide's…

The official seal of the U.S. state of Alabama in 1889.

Alabama

The official seal of the U.S. state of Alabama in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Arkansas in 1889.

Arkansas

The official seal of the U.S. state of Arkansas in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of California in 1889.

California

The official seal of the U.S. state of California in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Colorado in 1889.

Colorado

The official seal of the U.S. state of Colorado in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Connecticut in 1889.

Connecticut

The official seal of the U.S. state of Connecticut in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Delaware in 1889.

Delaware

The official seal of the U.S. state of Delaware in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Florida in 1889.

Florida

The official seal of the U.S. state of Florida in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Georgia in 1889.

Georgia

The official seal of the U.S. state of Georgia in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Illinois in 1889.

Illinois

The official seal of the U.S. state of Illinois in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Indiana in 1889.

Indiana

The official seal of the U.S. state of Indiana in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Iowa in 1889.

Iowa

The official seal of the U.S. state of Iowa in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Kansas in 1889.

Kansas

The official seal of the U.S. state of Kansas in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Kentucky in 1889.

Kentucky

The official seal of the U.S. state of Kentucky in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Louisiana in 1889.

Louisiana

The official seal of the U.S. state of Louisiana in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Maine in 1889.

Maine

The official seal of the U.S. state of Maine in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Maryland in 1889.

Maryland

The official seal of the U.S. state of Maryland in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Massachusetts in 1889.

Massachusetts

The official seal of the U.S. state of Massachusetts in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Michigan in 1889.

Michigan

The official seal of the U.S. state of Michigan in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Minnesota in 1889.

Minnesota

The official seal of the U.S. state of Minnesota in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Missouri in 1889.

Missouri

The official seal of the U.S. state of Missouri in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Nebraska in 1889.

Nebraska

The official seal of the U.S. state of Nebraska in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of New Hampshire in 1889.

New Hampshire

The official seal of the U.S. state of New Hampshire in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of New Jersey in 1889.

New Jersey

The official seal of the U.S. state of New Jersey in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of New York in 1889.

New York

The official seal of the U.S. state of New York in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of North Carolina in 1889.

North Carolina

The official seal of the U.S. state of North Carolina in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Ohio in 1889. Motto: Imperium in Imperio.

Ohio

The official seal of the U.S. state of Ohio in 1889. Motto: Imperium in Imperio.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Oregon in 1889.

Oregon

The official seal of the U.S. state of Oregon in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania in 1889.

Pennsylvania

The official seal of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania in 1889.