Akene of a Buttercup.

Buttercup

Akene of a Buttercup.

Akene of a Buttercup, divided lengthwise, to show the contained seed.

Akene of a Buttercup

Akene of a Buttercup, divided lengthwise, to show the contained seed.

Akene of Virgin's-bower, retaining the feathered style, which aids in dissemination.

Akene of Virgin's-bower

Akene of Virgin's-bower, retaining the feathered style, which aids in dissemination.

Akene of Mayweed (no pappus)

Mayweed

Akene of Mayweed (no pappus)

That of Succory (its pappus a shallow cup).

Succory

That of Succory (its pappus a shallow cup).

Of Sunflower (pappus of two deciduous scales).

Sunflower

Of Sunflower (pappus of two deciduous scales).

Of Sneezeweed (Helenium), with its pappus of five scales.

Sneezeweed

Of Sneezeweed (Helenium), with its pappus of five scales.

Of Sow-thistle, with its pappus of delicate downy hairs.

Sow-thistle

Of Sow-thistle, with its pappus of delicate downy hairs.

Of the Dandelion, its pappus raised on a long beak.

Dandelion

Of the Dandelion, its pappus raised on a long beak.

Fruit (cremocarp) of Osmorrhiza; the two akene-like ripe carpals separating at maturity from a slender axis or carpophores.

Osmorrhiza

Fruit (cremocarp) of Osmorrhiza; the two akene-like ripe carpals separating at maturity from a slender…

Utricle of the common Pigweed (Chenopodium album).

Common Pigweed

Utricle of the common Pigweed (Chenopodium album).

Utricle (pyxis) of Amaranth, opening all around (circumscissile).

Amaranth

Utricle (pyxis) of Amaranth, opening all around (circumscissile).

Nut (acorn) of the Oak, with its cup or cupule.

Acorn

Nut (acorn) of the Oak, with its cup or cupule.

Samara or key of the White Ash, winged at end.

White Ash

Samara or key of the White Ash, winged at end.

Samara of the American Elm, winged all around.

American Elm

Samara of the American Elm, winged all around.

Pair of samaras of Sugar Maple.

Sugar Maple

Pair of samaras of Sugar Maple.

Follicle of Marsh Marigold (Caltha palustris)

Marigold

Follicle of Marsh Marigold (Caltha palustris)

Loment or jointed legume of a Tick-Trefoil (Desmodium).

Tick-Trefoil

Loment or jointed legume of a Tick-Trefoil (Desmodium).

Capsule of Iris, with loculicidal dehiscence; below, cut across.

Capsule of Iris

Capsule of Iris, with loculicidal dehiscence; below, cut across.

Pod of a Marsh St. John's-wort, with septicidal dehiscence.

Marsh St. John's-wort

Pod of a Marsh St. John's-wort, with septicidal dehiscence.

Silicle of Shepherd's Purse.

Shepherd's Purse

Silicle of Shepherd's Purse.

Silicle of Shepherd's Purse, with one valve removed.

Shepherd's Purse Section

Silicle of Shepherd's Purse, with one valve removed.

Pyxis of Purslane, the lid detaching.

Purslane

Pyxis of Purslane, the lid detaching.

A fig-fruit when young.

Fig-Fruit

A fig-fruit when young.

A fig-fruit when young in section.

Fig-Fruit Section

A fig-fruit when young in section.

Magnified portion of a fig-fruit, a slice, showing some of the flowers.

Fig-Fruit Flowers

Magnified portion of a fig-fruit, a slice, showing some of the flowers.

The fruit is a multiple fruit, 2-3 cm long, red ripening to dark purple, edible, and sweet with a good flavor in several species.

Mulberry

The fruit is a multiple fruit, 2-3 cm long, red ripening to dark purple, edible, and sweet with a good…

One of the grains younger, seen to be a pistillate flower with calyx becoming fleshy.

Mulberry Grains

One of the grains younger, seen to be a pistillate flower with calyx becoming fleshy.

Cone of a common Pitch Pine.

Pitch Pine

Cone of a common Pitch Pine.

Inside view of a separated scale or open carpel of a Pitch Pine cone with a seed in place.

Pitch Pine Seed

Inside view of a separated scale or open carpel of a Pitch Pine cone with a seed in place.

The seed of a Pitch Pine cone.

Pitch Pine Seed Wing

The seed of a Pitch Pine cone.

A winged seed of the Trumpet-Creeper.

Trumpet-Creeper

A winged seed of the Trumpet-Creeper.

One of Catalpa, the kernel cut to show the embryo.

Catalpa

One of Catalpa, the kernel cut to show the embryo.

Seed of Milkweed, with a <em>Coma</em> or tuft of long silky hairs at one end.

Milkweed

Seed of Milkweed, with a Coma or tuft of long silky hairs at one end.

Seed of White Water-Lily, enclosed in its aril.

White Water-Lily

Seed of White Water-Lily, enclosed in its aril.

Seed of Ricinus or Castor-oil plant, with caruncle.

Ricinus

Seed of Ricinus or Castor-oil plant, with caruncle.

Embryo of Calycanthus; upper part cut away, to show the convolute cotyledons.

Embryo of Calycanthus

Embryo of Calycanthus; upper part cut away, to show the convolute cotyledons.

Seed of Sisymbrium, cut across to show the incumbent cotyledons.

Sisymbrium

Seed of Sisymbrium, cut across to show the incumbent cotyledons.

Embryo of the Sisymbrium, detached whole.

Sisymbrium Embryo

Embryo of the Sisymbrium, detached whole.

Section of seed of Violet; anatropous with straight axile embryo in the albumen.

Seed of Violet

Section of seed of Violet; anatropous with straight axile embryo in the albumen.

Section of seed of Rock Rose, Helianthemum Canadense; orthotropus, with curved embryo in the albumen.

Seed of Rock Rose

Section of seed of Rock Rose, Helianthemum Canadense; orthotropus, with curved embryo in the albumen.

Section of a grain of Rice, lengthwise, showing embryo outside the albumen, which forms the principal bulk.

Seed of Grain of Rice

Section of a grain of Rice, lengthwise, showing embryo outside the albumen, which forms the principal…

Seed of a Chickweed, campylotropous.

Seed of a Chickweed

Seed of a Chickweed, campylotropous.

Figures to illustrate the earlier stages in the formation of an embryo; a single mass of protoplasm dividing into two, three, and then into more incipient cells, which by continued multiplication build up an embryo.

Formation of the Embryos

Figures to illustrate the earlier stages in the formation of an embryo; a single mass of protoplasm…

Magnified view of some of a simple fresh water Alga, the Tetraspora lubrica, each sphere of which may answer to an individual plant.

Alga

Magnified view of some of a simple fresh water Alga, the Tetraspora lubrica, each sphere of which may…

Diagram of a vegetable cell, such as it would be if when spherical it were equally pressed by similar surrounding cells in a heap.

Vegetable Cell

Diagram of a vegetable cell, such as it would be if when spherical it were equally pressed by similar…

Ideal construction of cellular tissue so formed, in section.

Cellular Tissue

Ideal construction of cellular tissue so formed, in section.

Magnified view of a portion of a transverse slice of stem of Calla Lily. The great spaces are tubular air-channels built up by the cells.

Calla Lily

Magnified view of a portion of a transverse slice of stem of Calla Lily. The great spaces are tubular…

Much magnified small portion of young root of a seedling Maple.

Maple

Much magnified small portion of young root of a seedling Maple.

Magnified section through the thickness of a leaf of Florida Star-Anise.

Florida Star-Anise

Magnified section through the thickness of a leaf of Florida Star-Anise.

Magnified bit of a pine-shaving, taken parallel with the silver grain.

Pine-shaving

Magnified bit of a pine-shaving, taken parallel with the silver grain.

A large and a smaller dotted duct from Grape-Vine.

Grape-Vine

A large and a smaller dotted duct from Grape-Vine.

Spiral ducts which uncoil into a single thread.

Spiral Ducts

Spiral ducts which uncoil into a single thread.

Spiral ducts which tears up as a band.

Spiral Ducts

Spiral ducts which tears up as a band.

An annular duct.

Spiral Ducts

An annular duct.

Loose spiral duct passing into annular.

Spiral Ducts

Loose spiral duct passing into annular.

Scalariform ducts of a Fern; part of a bundle, prismatic by pressure.

Spiral Ducts

Scalariform ducts of a Fern; part of a bundle, prismatic by pressure.

Some magnified starch-grains, in two cells of a potato.

Starch-Grains

Some magnified starch-grains, in two cells of a potato.

Some cells of the albumen or floury part of Indian Corn, filled with starch-grains.

Indian Corn

Some cells of the albumen or floury part of Indian Corn, filled with starch-grains.

Four cells from dried Onion-peel, each holding a crystal of different shape, one of them twinned.

Onion-Peel

Four cells from dried Onion-peel, each holding a crystal of different shape, one of them twinned.