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The abdominal and thoracic viscera of a five months fetus. The large liver and large size if its left lobe at this age should be noted.

Abdomen of Fetus

The abdominal and thoracic viscera of a five months fetus. The large liver and large size if its left…

Schematic outlines of the abdomen.

Abdomen Types of a Male, Infant, and Female

Schematic outlines of the abdomen.

The muscles of the abdomen, showing the semilunar fold of Douglas. Viewed from in front.

Muscles of the Abdomen

The muscles of the abdomen, showing the semilunar fold of Douglas. Viewed from in front.

The transversalis, rectus, and pyramidalis muscles.

Muscles of the Abdomen

The transversalis, rectus, and pyramidalis muscles.

Regions of the abdomen. The abdomen is divided into 9 regions by two horizontal planes, one at the level of the cartilages of the 10th ribs (sub-costal plane), another at the level of the highest poitns of the crests of the ilia, and 2 vertical or lateral planes from the cartilages of the 8th ribs to the center of Poupart's inguinal ligament.

Regions of the Abdomen

Regions of the abdomen. The abdomen is divided into 9 regions by two horizontal planes, one at the level…

Diagrammatic transverse section of abdomen, to show the peritoneum on transverse tracing. A, at level of foramen of Winslow. B, lower down. In A note, one of the vasa brevia arteris passing to the stomach between the layers of the gastrosplenic omentum, and also the foramen of Winslow leading into the lesser sac which lies behind the stomach.

Transverse Section of Abdomen

Diagrammatic transverse section of abdomen, to show the peritoneum on transverse tracing. A, at level…

A transverse section of the abdomen in the lumbar region showing abdominal muscles.

Transverse Section of the Abdomen

A transverse section of the abdomen in the lumbar region showing abdominal muscles.

Showing the average position of the abdominal viscera with their surface markings. Labels: A, sterno-ensiform point; A', sterno-ensiform line; B, mid-epigastric point; B', mid-epigastric or transpyloric line; C, umbilical point; C', umbilical line; D, mid-hypogastric point; D', mid-hypogastric line; E, outer border of the right and left rectus abdominis; F, Monro's point- on the right spino-umbilical line at the outer border of the rectus abdomninis.

Abdominal Region

Showing the average position of the abdominal viscera with their surface markings. Labels: A, sterno-ensiform…

Regions of the abdomen and their contents (edge of costal cartilages in dotted outline). "For convenience of description the abdomen may be artificially divided into nine regions by drawing two circular lines around the body parallel with the cartilages of the ninth ribs, and the highest point of the crests of the ilia; and two vertical lines from the cartilage of the eighth rib on each side to the center of Poupart's ligament. The vicar contained in these different regions are as follows: -- Right Hypochondriac - the right lobe of the liver and gall-bladder, hepatic flexure of the colon, and part of the right kidney. Right Lumbar - ascending colon, part of the right kidney, and some convolutions of the small intestines. Right Inguinal (Iliac) - the caecum, appendix caeci. Epigastric Region - the middle and pyloric end o the stomach, left lobe of the liver, the pancreas, the duodenum, part of the kidneys and the suprarenal capsules. Umbilical Region - the transverse colon, part of the great omentum and mesentery, transverse part of the duodenum, and some convolutions of the jejunum and ileum, and part of both kidneys. Hypogastric Region - convolutions of the small intestines, the bladder in children, and in adults if distended, and the uterus during pregnancy. Left Hypochondriac - the splenic end of the stomach, the spleen and extremity of the pancreas, the splenic flexure of the colon, and part of the left kidney. Left Lumbar - descending color, part of the omentum, part of the left kidney, and some convolutions of the small intestines. Left Inguinal (Iliac) - sigmoid flexure of the colon." — Kimber, 1907.

Regions of the Abdomen and their Contents

Regions of the abdomen and their contents (edge of costal cartilages in dotted outline). "For convenience…

Diagram of the abdominal part of the alimentary canal (digestive system). Labels: C, the cardiac, and P, the pyloric end of the stomach; D, the duodenum; J, I, the convolutions of the small intestine; CC, the caecum with the vermiform appendix; AC, ascending, TC, transverse, and DC, descending colon; R, the rectum.

Alimentary Canal

Diagram of the abdominal part of the alimentary canal (digestive system). Labels: C, the cardiac, and…

Diagram of the abdominal part of the alimentary canal. Labels: C, the cardiac, and P, the pyloric end of the stomach, A; D, the duodenum; J, I, the convolutions of the small intestine; CC, the caecum with the vermiform appendix; AC, ascending, TC, transverse, and DC, descending colon; SF, sigmoid flexure; R, the rectum.

Alimentary Canal

Diagram of the abdominal part of the alimentary canal. Labels: C, the cardiac, and P, the pyloric end…

"Abdominal Plate (worker of Apis), under side, third segment. W, wax-yielding surface, covering true gland; s, septem, or carina; wh, webbed hairs." — The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Bee Abdomen

"Abdominal Plate (worker of Apis), under side, third segment. W, wax-yielding surface, covering true…

Flat cells from the surface of the lining membrane of the abdomen (peritoneum). Labels: a, cell-body; b, nucleus; c, nucleoli.

Cells from the Abdominal Lining

Flat cells from the surface of the lining membrane of the abdomen (peritoneum). Labels: a, cell-body;…

A diagram showing the separate abdominal and chest cavities.

Chest and Abdominal Cavity

A diagram showing the separate abdominal and chest cavities.

An incision in the right side above the kidney, showing a typical surgical approach to this organ, exposing the peritoneum and showing relations of abdominal muscles and fasciae.

Surgical Incision to the Kidney

An incision in the right side above the kidney, showing a typical surgical approach to this organ, exposing…

Transition of the tendon of the right internal oblique into the sheath of the rectus.

Transition of the Oblique Muscle into the Rectus

Transition of the tendon of the right internal oblique into the sheath of the rectus.

The external oblique muscles

External Oblique Muscles

The external oblique muscles

The internal oblique muscles

Internal Oblique Muscles

The internal oblique muscles

"The spinal column consists of abdominal and caudal vertebre, the coalescence of the parapophyses into a complete hemal ring and the suspension of the anal fin generally forming a sufficiently well-marked boundary between the abdominal and caudal regions." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Perch Skeleton

"The spinal column consists of abdominal and caudal vertebre, the coalescence of the parapophyses into…

The peritoneum is a large serous membrane, which forms in the male a closed sac, the parietal layer of which lines the abdominal walls, its visceral layer being reflected more or less completely over all the abdominal and pelvic viscera. It's free surface is covered with endothelium, and is smooth, moist, and shining. Its attached surface is connected to the viscera and the parietes of the abdomen by the sub-peritoneal tela or areolar tissue. In the female it is not a closed sac, the free extremities of the Fallopian tubes opening directly into the cavity. The peritoneum is divided by a constricted portion of its tissue, at the foramen of Winslow into 2 sacs, the Greater Sac and the Lesser Sac.

The Peritoneum

The peritoneum is a large serous membrane, which forms in the male a closed sac, the parietal layer…

"Salmo salar (Salmon), with abdominal ventral fins." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Salmon

"Salmo salar (Salmon), with abdominal ventral fins." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Diagram showing the position of the thoracic and abdominal organs. labels: 1, lower border of right lung; 2, the same of the left lung; 3, liver, right lobe; 4, liver, left lobe; 5, suspensory ligament of the liver; 6, fundus of gall-bladder; 7, cardia of stomach; 8, fundus of stomach; 9, lower border of stomach; 10, position of pylorus; 11, caecum; 12, vermiform appendix; 13, ascending colon; 14, right flexure of colon; 15, transverse colon, concealed by, 19, convolutions of the small intestine; 20, termination of ileum, ascending from right to left; 21, bladder, distended, partly covered by peritoneum; 22, the part of the bladder which is not covered by peritoneum.

Section Across the Forearm

Diagram showing the position of the thoracic and abdominal organs. labels: 1, lower border of right…

Diagram of the thoracic and abdominal regions. Labels: A, aortic valve; P, pulmonary valve; M, mitral valve; T, tricuspid valve.

Thoracic and Abdominal Regions

Diagram of the thoracic and abdominal regions. Labels: A, aortic valve; P, pulmonary valve; M, mitral…

Diagram of horizontal section through upper part of 1st lumbar vertebra. The fine dots represent the great sac of the peritoneum, the coarse dots the lesser sac. Labels: A, aorta; Sp, spleen; B.D, bile duct; V.C, vena cava; P, pancreas; H.A, hepatic artery; K, kidney; L, liver; St, stomach; P.V, portal vein.

Horizontal Section Through Trunk

Diagram of horizontal section through upper part of 1st lumbar vertebra. The fine dots represent the…

Diagram of vertical median section of abdomen. The fine dots represent the great sac of the peritoneum, the coarse dots the lesser sac. Labels: A, aorta; P, pancreas; I, intestine; R, rectum; L, liver; D, duodenum; B, bladder; St, stomach; c, colon; v, vagina.

Vertical Median Section of the Trunk

Diagram of vertical median section of abdomen. The fine dots represent the great sac of the peritoneum,…

Showing the position of the viscera in the condition of visceroptosis (Glenard's disease). Labels: A, sterno-ensiform line: it crosses above the fifth costal cartilage; B, mid-epigastric line; C, umbilical line; D, mid-hypogastric line; a, pericardium; b, stomach (greatly elongated and dilated); c, liver; c', the lingual or Riedel's process; d, duodenum; e, caecum; f, transverse colon; g, rectum; h, elongated gastro-hepatic omentum.

Position of the Viscera in the Condition of Visceroptosis

Showing the position of the viscera in the condition of visceroptosis (Glenard's disease). Labels: A,…