The Acropolis at Athens.

Acropolis

The Acropolis at Athens.

Illustration of the Acropolis restored to what it may have looked like when originally completed. The view is from the front and you can see the propylaea. The hill can be seen sloping steeply downward (left) and the city of Athens can be seen in the background, built around the hill. Two figures climb the steps at the front of the complex.

The Acropolis of Athens - Restoration of the Propylaea

Illustration of the Acropolis restored to what it may have looked like when originally completed. The…

"The Acropolis of Athens Restored." — Smith, 1882

Acropolis restored

"The Acropolis of Athens Restored." — Smith, 1882

The Greek akroter serves as an ornamental finish to the apex of a gable. It is painted in the temple of Wingless Victory in Athens, Greece.

Greek Akroter

The Greek akroter serves as an ornamental finish to the apex of a gable. It is painted in the temple…

This Greek akroter is painted in Acropolis, Athens. It serves as the ornamental finish to the apex of a gable.

Greek Akroter

This Greek akroter is painted in Acropolis, Athens. It serves as the ornamental finish to the apex of…

A prominent Athenian statesman and member of the aristocratic family of the Alcmaeonidae.

Alcibiades

A prominent Athenian statesman and member of the aristocratic family of the Alcmaeonidae.

The Greek antefix is found in the lower roof line, in front of the imbrices (overlapping roof tiles). Its located in the Pathenon, Athens.

Greek Antefix

The Greek antefix is found in the lower roof line, in front of the imbrices (overlapping roof tiles).…

This Greek antefix is found in the propylaea which is the entrance to the Acropolis of Athens. This design is found on the lower roof line in front of the imbrices (overlapping roof tiles).

Greek Antefix

This Greek antefix is found in the propylaea which is the entrance to the Acropolis of Athens. This…

A stature of Aristophanes, who was a prolific and commonly celebrated playwright of comedy. He is also known as the Father of Comedy.

Aristophanes

A stature of Aristophanes, who was a prolific and commonly celebrated playwright of comedy. He is also…

"Aristotle was born in 384 B.C., at Stagira, a seaport town of Chalcidice, whence he is frequeently called the Stagirite. At the age of 17, Aristotle, who had then lost both father and mother, repaired to Athens. Plato considered him his best scholar, and called him "the intellect of his school."" — Smith, 1882

Aristotle

"Aristotle was born in 384 B.C., at Stagira, a seaport town of Chalcidice, whence he is frequeently…

The Greek judge's chair was made of marble and was found on the site of the Prytaneum, Athens.

Greek Judge's Arm-Chair

The Greek judge's chair was made of marble and was found on the site of the Prytaneum, Athens.

The Greek Priest's chair was made out of marble and was found by the door of the temple of Themis, Athens.

Greek Priest's Arm-Chair

The Greek Priest's chair was made out of marble and was found by the door of the temple of Themis, Athens.

"Pericles, after divorcing a wife with whom he had lived unhappily, took his mistress Aspasia to his house, and dwelt with her till his death on terms of the greatest affection. She was distinguished not only for her beauty, but also for her learning and accomplishments. Her intimacy with Anaxagoras, the celebrated Ionic philosopher, was made a handle for wounding Pericles in his tenderest relations." — Smith, 1882

Bust of Aspasia

"Pericles, after divorcing a wife with whom he had lived unhappily, took his mistress Aspasia to his…

"Athena (Minerva), the national deity of the Athenians." — Smith, 1882

Athena

"Athena (Minerva), the national deity of the Athenians." — Smith, 1882

An archaic Athena on a vase from about 330 B.C. In Greek mythology, Athena was the goddess of wisdom.

Athena

An archaic Athena on a vase from about 330 B.C. In Greek mythology, Athena was the goddess of wisdom.

Goddess of Wisdom

Athene

Goddess of Wisdom

Goddess of Wisdom

Athene

Goddess of Wisdom

Goddess of Wisdom

Athene

Goddess of Wisdom

Goddess of Wisdom

Athene Parthenos

Goddess of Wisdom

"A decree of the Council and Assembly dating from about 450 B.C."—Webster, 1913

An Athenian Inscription

"A decree of the Council and Assembly dating from about 450 B.C."—Webster, 1913

An illustration of a group of Athenian youth on horses.

Athenian Youth on Horses

An illustration of a group of Athenian youth on horses.

"The Temple of Theseus, the Areopagus, and the Acropolis of Athens." -Breasted, 1914

Athens

"The Temple of Theseus, the Areopagus, and the Acropolis of Athens." -Breasted, 1914

"Athens restored, from the Pnyx." — Smith, 1882

Athens restored

"Athens restored, from the Pnyx." — Smith, 1882

View of Athens.

Ancient Athens

View of Athens.

"The mosted noted of the orations of Isocrates is the Panathenaicus or Panegyric of Athens, a work on which he spent ten years, and in which he uses all the resources of his art to extol Athens and magnify the benefits she conferred o nthe whole of Greece." — The Delphian Society, 1913

Ancient Athens

"The mosted noted of the orations of Isocrates is the Panathenaicus or Panegyric of Athens, a work on…

"Coin of Athens." — Smith, 1882

Coin of Athens

"Coin of Athens." — Smith, 1882

"Bronze statuette, from Athens." — Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Bronze Statuette

"Bronze statuette, from Athens." — Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

The Greek Corinthian capital is found in a monument in Lysikrates, Athens. It is a design of spiral curves that rise from the rows of leaves and unite in pairs. The center of each sides of the abacus is decorated with palmettes or rosettes.

Greek Corinthian Capital

The Greek Corinthian capital is found in a monument in Lysikrates, Athens. It is a design of spiral…

The Greek Caryatid is a female figure used as a support in place of a column. It is found in the temple of Erechtheum, Athens, Greece.

Greek Caryatid

The Greek Caryatid is a female figure used as a support in place of a column. It is found in the temple…

"Choragic Monument of Lysicrates, Athens." — Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Choragic Monument

"Choragic Monument of Lysicrates, Athens." — Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

The city of Athens, Greece as it looked circa 1912. The mountain in the background is Mount Lycabettus. Foliage can be seen peeking out from between modern buildings. It is a crowded cityscape.

The City of Athens Circa 1912

The city of Athens, Greece as it looked circa 1912. The mountain in the background is Mount Lycabettus.…

Clisthenes, also known as the Father of Athenian democracy, is depicted competing in a chariot race in the Olympic games.

Clisthenes in the Olympic Games

Clisthenes, also known as the Father of Athenian democracy, is depicted competing in a chariot race…

"Determined to save his own country at the expense of his own life, Codrus disguised himself in a peasant's dress, entered the Peloponnesian camp, and provoked a quarrel with a soldier, by whom he was killed." — Goodrich, 1844

Codrus slain

"Determined to save his own country at the expense of his own life, Codrus disguised himself in a peasant's…

The Greek console is shown in the front and side view. It is found as a support to the North door of the Greek Temple Erechtheum in Athens, Greece.

Greek Console

The Greek console is shown in the front and side view. It is found as a support to the North door of…

"Coryatic Portico of Temple in Acropolic, Athens." — Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Coryatic Portico

"Coryatic Portico of Temple in Acropolic, Athens." — Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

"In the oratory of more thn two thousand years Demosthenes stands in the front rank, and will always hold first place among the orators of the ancient world. He was born in 384 B.C. When he was only seven years of age, his father, a wealthy manufacturer of arms in Athens, died. When the youth came of age he found himself stripped of his inheritance by dishonest trustees. Aided by Isaeus he commenced a lawsuit against the chief embezzler, and succeeded in recovering about a third of his father's estate. The loss of his patrimony was the means of developing a spirit of courage and self-relience, which might otherwise have remained latent." — The Delphian Society, 1913

Demosthenes

"In the oratory of more thn two thousand years Demosthenes stands in the front rank, and will always…

Demosthenes was a prominent Greek statesman and orator of ancient Athens. His orations constitute a significant expression of contemporary Athenian intellectual prowess and provide an insight into the politics and culture of ancient Greece during the 4th century BC. Demosthenes learned rhetoric by studying the speeches of previous great orators. He delivered his first judicial speeches at the age of 20, in which he argued effectively to gain from his guardians what was left of his inheritance. For a time, Demosthenes made his living as a professional speech-writer (logographer) and a lawyer, writing speeches for use in private legal suits.

Sculpture of Demosthenes

Demosthenes was a prominent Greek statesman and orator of ancient Athens. His orations constitute a…

"The following cut, from an ancient gem, represents Diomede in the act of bearing away the Palladium." — Anthon, 1891

Diomede

"The following cut, from an ancient gem, represents Diomede in the act of bearing away the Palladium."…

One of the earliest open-air theaters in Athens, Greece.

Theater of Dionysus

One of the earliest open-air theaters in Athens, Greece.

"The 'house of Erechtheus'; a temple of Ionic order on the Acropolis of Athens, noted as one of the most original achievements of Hellenic architecture." -Whitney, 1911

Erechtheum

"The 'house of Erechtheus'; a temple of Ionic order on the Acropolis of Athens, noted as one of the…

"The building of the new Erechtheum was not commenced till the Parthenon and Propylea were finished, and probably not before the year preceding the breaking out of the Peloponnesian war. Its progress was no doubt delayed by that event, and it was probably not completed before 393 B.C. When finished it presented one of the finest models of the Ionic order, as the Parthenon was of the Doric. It stood to the north of the Acropolis." — Smith, 1882

Erechtheum restored

"The building of the new Erechtheum was not commenced till the Parthenon and Propylea were finished,…

Famous Athenian tradgedian.

Euripides

Famous Athenian tradgedian.

"Fictile vase, from Athens. Design in black, on drab ground." — Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Fictile Vase

"Fictile vase, from Athens. Design in black, on drab ground." — Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

The Ornament Foliage is found on the summit of the monument of Lysikrates, Athens.

Ornament Foliage

The Ornament Foliage is found on the summit of the monument of Lysikrates, Athens.

The finial foliated shaft is a Greek design of the choragic monument of Lysikrates in Athens.

Finial Foliated Shaft

The finial foliated shaft is a Greek design of the choragic monument of Lysikrates in Athens.

"A relief on the tomb of a certain Hegeso. It represents a woman, seated, taking a jewel from a casket held by an attendant."—Webster, 1913

An Athenian Gravestone

"A relief on the tomb of a certain Hegeso. It represents a woman, seated, taking a jewel from a casket…

This Horse Head is found at the Parthenon in Athens.

Horse Head

This Horse Head is found at the Parthenon in Athens.

"Isocrates was the son of a prosperous flute-maker; he was born at Athens B.C. 436, and lived till 338. He represents the excellence of that species of oratory which gives the highest place to artistic form and finish, and regards the subject-matter as comparatively of small importance." — The Delphian Society, 1913

Isocrates

"Isocrates was the son of a prosperous flute-maker; he was born at Athens B.C. 436, and lived till 338.…

This Gargoyle Lion Head is made out of terracotta and is found in Athens, Greece.

Gargoyle Lion Head

This Gargoyle Lion Head is made out of terracotta and is found in Athens, Greece.

"Choragic Monument of Lysicrates in Athens, restored." — Chambers' Encyclopedia, 1875

Lysicrates Monument

"Choragic Monument of Lysicrates in Athens, restored." — Chambers' Encyclopedia, 1875

"Menander was an Athenian, and was born in B.C. 342. He was drowned at the age of 52, whilst swimming in the harbour of Piraeus. He wrote upwards of 100 comedies, of which only fragments remain; and the unanimous praise of posterity awakens our regret for the loss of one fo the most elegant writers of antiquity." — Smith, 1882

Menander

"Menander was an Athenian, and was born in B.C. 342. He was drowned at the age of 52, whilst swimming…

"On Minerva's side Varro tells us that Cecrops found an olive tree and a fountain, and that on consulting the oracle he was told that both Minerva and Neptune had a right to the guardianship of the city, and that the Senate decided in favor of the former; the name of the city was consequently changed from Poseidonus to Athens." —Bulfinch, 1897

Minerva

"On Minerva's side Varro tells us that Cecrops found an olive tree and a fountain, and that on consulting…

"Minerva." —Bulfinch, 1897

Minerva

"Minerva." —Bulfinch, 1897

The leaf enrichment moulding is a design found in Erechtheum, Athens an ancient Greek Temple.

Leaf Enrichment Moulding

The leaf enrichment moulding is a design found in Erechtheum, Athens an ancient Greek Temple.

"The first public monuments that arose after the Persian wars were erected under the auspices of Cimon, who was, like Pericles, a lover and patron of the arts. The principal of these were the small Ionic temple of Nike Apteros (Wingless Victory), and the Theseum, or Temple of Theseus. The temple of Nike Apteros was only 27 feet in length by 18 in breadth, and was erected on the Acropolis in commemoration of Cimon's victory at the Eurymedon." — Smith, 1882

Temple of Nike Apteros

"The first public monuments that arose after the Persian wars were erected under the auspices of Cimon,…

The Greek oblong panel has a strict palmette decoration. It is found in the painted coffers (sunken panels) of the ceilings of Propylaea, Athens.

Greek Oblong Panel

The Greek oblong panel has a strict palmette decoration. It is found in the painted coffers (sunken…

The Greek oblong panel has a strict palmette decoration. It is found in the painted coffers (sunken panels) of the ceilings of Propylaea, Athens.

Greek Oblong Panel

The Greek oblong panel has a strict palmette decoration. It is found in the painted coffers (sunken…

The Olympieum in Athens, Greece.

The Olympieum

The Olympieum in Athens, Greece.

"Corinthian Order. From the Monument of Lysicrates, at Athens." —D'Anvers, 1895

Corinthian order

"Corinthian Order. From the Monument of Lysicrates, at Athens." —D'Anvers, 1895

"The Parthenon stood on this highest part of the Acropolis, near its centre, and probably occupied the site of an earlier temple destroyed by the Persians. It was entirely of Pentelic marble, on a rustic basement of ordinary limestone, and its architecture, which was of the Doric order, was of purest kind." — Smith, 1882

Parthenon restored

"The Parthenon stood on this highest part of the Acropolis, near its centre, and probably occupied the…