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"The "pistol pipe" stove, still largely used, chiefly differs from this in having the limbs of the U tube closely adjacent, so as to consist in fact of a single tube with the partition D in the center, the cold air passing up one side of the partition and down the other so as to become heated in passing; to accommodate the pipe to an arched roof, the upper end is bent inwards, thus giving the form of a pistol stock and barrel to the double pipe, two ranks of pipes facing one another being built in the same stove." — The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Pistol Pipe Stove

"The "pistol pipe" stove, still largely used, chiefly differs from this in having the limbs of the U…

"The general arrangement of a puddling furnace; a is the charging door for the fuel, d the bridge with an air course to cool it, c the bed supported on iron plates with air courses under them, f the exit flue leading to the chimney stack, which is surmounted with a damper k worked by a chain i from within the shen in which the forge is placed; b is the ashpit, g the slag-hole, and e the working door suspended by a chain from a lever with the counterpoise attached h, resting on the front side of the furnace roof." — The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Puddling Furnace

"The general arrangement of a puddling furnace; a is the charging door for the fuel, d the bridge with…

"The general arrangement of a puddling furnace; a is the charging door for the fuel, d the bridge with an air course to cool it, c the bed supported on iron plates with air courses under them, f the exit flue leading to the chimney stack, which is surmounted with a damper k worked by a chain i from within the shen in which the forge is placed; b is the ashpit, g the slag-hole, and e the working door suspended by a chain from a lever with the counterpoise attached h, resting on the front side of the furnace roof." — The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Puddling Furnace

"The general arrangement of a puddling furnace; a is the charging door for the fuel, d the bridge with…

Radiators are heat exchangers used to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose of cooling and heating. The majority of radiators are constructed to function in automobiles, buildings, and electronics.

Heat Exchanging Radiator

Radiators are heat exchangers used to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose…

This furnace is used to purify a gold concentrate. The gold concentrates, if non-pyritic, are treated in grinding pans in the bottom of which mercury is placed. The amalgam (mercury alloy), after squeezing out the excess mercury, is heated in the retort, to distil (separate) off the rest and leave the gold, which is then melted and cast into bars of gold bullion of varying fineness.

Retort Furnace for Gold Bullion

This furnace is used to purify a gold concentrate. The gold concentrates, if non-pyritic, are treated…

"Retort setting in Hislop's furnace." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Retort Setting

"Retort setting in Hislop's furnace." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Furnace used in smelting ore; its' doors can be closed to control the air flow/oxygen.

Reverbatory Furnace

Furnace used in smelting ore; its' doors can be closed to control the air flow/oxygen.

"The saddle boiler is a very efficient form, steady and sure in its working. in its improved forms it is, perhaps, the best for general purposes. It should be set over a furnace, the sides and end of which should be of fire-brick. It may be quite plain, or with the inner surface ribbed or corrugated, a modification adopted by Mr. Gray of Chelsea." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Saddle Boiler

"The saddle boiler is a very efficient form, steady and sure in its working. in its improved forms it…

"The saddle boiler is a very efficient form, steady and sure in its working. in its improved forms it is, perhaps, the best for general purposes. It should be set over a furnace, the sides and end of which should be of fire-brick. It may be quite plain, or with the inner surface ribbed or corrugated." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Saddle Boiler

"The saddle boiler is a very efficient form, steady and sure in its working. in its improved forms it…

"The fire is made under the principal arch a; the flame and smoke return through the flue b, and then turn back over the top of the boiler to the outlet c, which can be placed at whatever point is in each case most convenient. The other parts referred to are d, flow pipe; e, return pipes, f, soot-door for cleaning flues, g, furnace door." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Saddle Boiler

"The fire is made under the principal arch a; the flame and smoke return through the flue b, and then…

"Savery's Steam Engine. The adjoining figure illustrates the apparatus employed by Savory. It consists of a furnace and a boiler B; from the latter, two pipes, furnished with stop-cocks C, proceed to two steam vessels S, only one of which is shown in the figure, the other being immediately behind it. Into the bottom of each of these steam vessels is inserted a branching pipe, connected with a descending main pipe D, and an ascending main pipe A; each branching pipe is furnished with valves a, b, which open upwards, and prevent, by their action, the return of any water which may have been forced up through them." —Comstock, 1850

Savery Engine

"Savery's Steam Engine. The adjoining figure illustrates the apparatus employed by Savory. It consists…

"Nebuchadnezzar spake and said, Blessed be the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, who hath sent his angel, and delivered his servants that trusted in him, and have changed the king's word, and have yielded their bodies, that they might not serve nor worship any god, except their own God." Daniel 3:28 ASV <p>Illustration of an angel with a halo leading Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego out of a smoking furnace. The angel holds the hand of one of the men. Another one of the three has his hands raised to the sky. Nebuchadnezzar stands and watches the men in awe (right).

Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego are Led Out of the Furnace by an Angel

"Nebuchadnezzar spake and said, Blessed be the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, who hath sent…

"A furnace in which metals are separated from their ores. a, fire-brick lining; b, masonry; c, opening in the side of the upper part of the furnace through which it is charged; e, boshes; f, throat; g, hearth or crucible; h, dam-stone; i, twyer; That part lying below the widest diameter, above the boshes, is called the shaft." &mdash;Whitney, 1889

Smelting Furnace with Fire Burning

"A furnace in which metals are separated from their ores. a, fire-brick lining; b, masonry; c, opening…

"Siemen's Continuous Tank Furnace." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Tank Furnace

"Siemen's Continuous Tank Furnace." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"Siemen's Continuous Tank Furnace." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Tank Furnace

"Siemen's Continuous Tank Furnace." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893