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Diagram showing the line used by Nelaton to test upward displacement of the femur, and another which serves to indicate the position for trephining the sacro-iliac joint. Labels: A.S.S., anterior superior spine of ilium; P.S.S., posterior superior spine of ilium.

Displacement of the Femur

Diagram showing the line used by Nelaton to test upward displacement of the femur, and another which…

"Pelvis of a young grouse, showing three distinct bones. Il,P, ilium, ischium, pubis. In front of former a dorsal vertebra protrudes." Elliot Coues, 1884

The Pelvis of a Young Grouse

"Pelvis of a young grouse, showing three distinct bones. Il,P, ilium, ischium, pubis. In front of former…

"Pelvis of a heron (ardea herodias), nat. size, viewed from below; from nature by Dr. R.W. Shufeldt, U.S.A. dl, dorso-lumbar vertebrae to and including the last one, sc; below sc, for the extent of the large black spaces (opposite the arrow) are the true sacral vertebrae; us, urosacral vertebrae (opposite the five oval black spaces; Il, ilium; Is, ischium; P, pubis; ob, obturator foramen. The arrow flies into the acetabulum.

The Pelvis of a Heron

"Pelvis of a heron (ardea herodias), nat. size, viewed from below; from nature by Dr. R.W. Shufeldt,…

Dissection of hip joint from the front.

Dissection of Hip Joint From Front

Dissection of hip joint from the front.

Deep-seated muscles on the posterior part of the hip joint. Labels: 1, fifth lumbar vertebra; 2, ilio-lumbar ligament; 3, crest of the ilium; 4, anterior superior spinous process; 5, origin of the fascia femoris; 6, gluteus medius; 7, its lower and anterior portion; 8, pyriformis; 9, gemini; 10, trochanter major; 11, insertion of the gluteus medius; 12, gradratus femoris; 13, part of the adductor magnus; 14, insertion of the gluteus magnus; 15, vastrus externus; 16, long head of the biceps; 17, semi-membranosos; 18, semi-tendinosus; 19, tuber ischii; 20, obturator internus; 21, point of the coccyx; 22, posterior coccygeal ligament; 23, 24, greater sacro-sciatic ligament; 25, posterior superior spinous process of ilium; 26, posterior sacro-iliac ligaments.

Deep Muscles of the Hip Joint

Deep-seated muscles on the posterior part of the hip joint. Labels: 1, fifth lumbar vertebra; 2, ilio-lumbar…

Dissection of hip joint with bottom of acetabulum removed, and capsule of the joint thrown outwards towards the trochanters.

Dissection of Hip Joint

Dissection of hip joint with bottom of acetabulum removed, and capsule of the joint thrown outwards…

The ilum bone of the pelvis (hip region).

The Ilium

The ilum bone of the pelvis (hip region).

The origins of the three glutaei upon the dorsum of the ilium (part of the hip bone). The gluteal lines are represented by the dotted lines.

The Ilium Bone and Origin of the Gluteal Muscles

The origins of the three glutaei upon the dorsum of the ilium (part of the hip bone). The gluteal lines…

The anterior view of the articulations of the pelvis and hip.

Pelvis

The anterior view of the articulations of the pelvis and hip.

The female pelvis.

Female Pelvis

The female pelvis.

The female pelvis as seen from in front.

Female Pelvis

The female pelvis as seen from in front.

Male pelvis (top) and female pelvis (bottom). The pelvis is stronger and more massively constructed than either the cranial or thoracic cavity. It is composed of 4 bones, the ossa innominata, forming sides and front, and the sacrum and coccyx, completing it behind. The female pelvis differs from that of the male in making it better adapted for giving birth. The most notable differences are that the female pelvis is wider in every direction, giving more room for the child to pass and shallower, which lessens the distance through which the child has to be propelled; and lastly, the bones are thinner and smoother.

Human Pelvis, Male and Female

Male pelvis (top) and female pelvis (bottom). The pelvis is stronger and more massively constructed…

The male pelvis.

Male Pelvis

The male pelvis.

The male pelvis as seen from in front.

Male Pelvis

The male pelvis as seen from in front.

Muscles of the true pelvis on the right side, viewed from without and below. The quadratus having been removed, the gemelli are also not shown.

Muscles of Pelvis

Muscles of the true pelvis on the right side, viewed from without and below. The quadratus having been…

"Fig 56 - Axial skeleton, minus the skull, of an owl, Asio wilsonianus, life size; from nature by Dr. R.W. Shufeldt, USA. at, atlas; ax,axis; cv, cervical vertebrae; c, c', cervical ribs, or free pleurapophyses; dv, dorsal vertebrae, excepting the last one, which joins the sacrum; R, two of the six true ribs (pleurapophyses), whereof sr is sacral; u, one of the five uncinate processes or epipleura; cr, two of the six sternal ribs(haemapophyses), whereof the sixth floats; p, pelvic or sacral region of the spine, comprehending one dorsal, and several lumbar, sacral proper, and urosacral vertebrae; I ilium; Is, ischium; P pubis; a, acetabulum; in, ischio-iliac foremen; o, obturator foramen; clv, caudal or coccygeal vertebrae, whereof py is the pygostyle; s, scapula; ohs, os humero-scapulare; cl, clavicle; C, coracoid; S, sternum." Elliot Coues, 1884

Axial Skeleton

"Fig 56 - Axial skeleton, minus the skull, of an owl, Asio wilsonianus, life size; from nature by Dr.…