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"Place a known weight (say 100 g.) in the scale-pan, and to this weight add the weight of the clevis and the scale-pan, and call the sum the load. Measure the deflection of W caused by the load. Double the load, and measure the deflection thus caused." -Avery 1895

Deflection of Wood Using Known Weights

"Place a known weight (say 100 g.) in the scale-pan, and to this weight add the weight of the clevis…

An illustration of a dog running around a corner and a pan flying in the air.

Running Dog

An illustration of a dog running around a corner and a pan flying in the air.

"Sylvanus and Faunus were Latin divinities, whose characteristics are so nearly the same as Pan that we may safely consider them as the same personage under different names." —Bulfinch, 1897

Faunus

"Sylvanus and Faunus were Latin divinities, whose characteristics are so nearly the same as Pan that…

"This consists of a cast-iron pan a, having a shallow cylindrical bottom b, holding 50 lb of mercury, in which a wooden runner c, nearly of the same shape as the inside of the pan, and armed below with several projecting blades, is made to revolve by gearing wheels placed either above or below." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Hungarian Mill

"This consists of a cast-iron pan a, having a shallow cylindrical bottom b, holding 50 lb of mercury,…

Various kitchen ladles discovered at Pompeii.

Kitchen Utensils from Pompeii

Various kitchen ladles discovered at Pompeii.

"Bacchus offered Midas his choice of a reward, whatever he might wish. He asked that whatever he might touch should be changed into gold." —Bulfinch, 1897

Midas

"Bacchus offered Midas his choice of a reward, whatever he might wish. He asked that whatever he might…

A woman mixing milk with acid to test it, using a rotary motion with the bottle not pointed towards her face.

Mixing Milk

A woman mixing milk with acid to test it, using a rotary motion with the bottle not pointed towards…

A woman putting milk into a test bottle. The pipette is held at an angle with the test bottle and its point against the inside of the neck.

Testing Milk

A woman putting milk into a test bottle. The pipette is held at an angle with the test bottle and its…

A woman whirling samples of milk in order to seperate the fat so it can be measured.

Whirling Milk

A woman whirling samples of milk in order to seperate the fat so it can be measured.

An illustration of a pan.

Pan

An illustration of a pan.

Pan in Greek religion and mythology, is the companion of the nymphs, god of shepherds and flocks, of mountain wilds, hunting and rustic music. His name originates within the Greek language, from the word paein, meaning "to pasture". He has the hindquarters, legs, and horns of a goat, in the same manner as a faun or satyr. With his homeland in rustic Arcadia, he is recognized as the god of fields, groves, and wooded glens; because of this, Pan is connected to fertility and the season of spring.

Pan

Pan in Greek religion and mythology, is the companion of the nymphs, god of shepherds and flocks, of…

Pan playing his flute while a young girl listens.

Pan and Child

Pan playing his flute while a young girl listens.

"Pan the Hunter" — Gayley, 1893

Pan Hunter

"Pan the Hunter" — Gayley, 1893

"Pan blowing his Pipe, Echo answering" — Gayley, 1893

Pan Pipe

"Pan blowing his Pipe, Echo answering" — Gayley, 1893

A pan designed to hold growing fern plants.

Fern Pan

A pan designed to hold growing fern plants.

A shallow, long-handled pan used for frying food.

Frying Pan

A shallow, long-handled pan used for frying food.

An illustration of a milk pan.

Milk Pan

An illustration of a milk pan.

An illustration of food being cooking in a small sauce pan.

Sauce Pan

An illustration of food being cooking in a small sauce pan.

"The patera was a broad and comparatively shallow bowl used for libations, and also for drinking out of at banquets. The following cut gives a front and side view of a bronze patera found at Pompeii." — Anthon, 1891

Patera

"The patera was a broad and comparatively shallow bowl used for libations, and also for drinking out…

"A round plate or dish. The paterae of the most common kind were small plates of the common red earthenware, on which an ornamental pattern was drawn, and which were sometimes entirely black. The more valuable paterae were metallic, being chiefly of bronze but every family, raised above poverty, possessed one of silver, together with a silver salt-cellar. The preceding cut exhibits a highly ornamented patera, made of bronze. The view of the upper surface is accompanied by a sideview, showing the form and depth of the vessel." — Smith, 1873

Patera

"A round plate or dish. The paterae of the most common kind were small plates of the common red earthenware,…

An illustration of a large pot.

Pot

An illustration of a large pot.

"Sylvanus and Faunus were Latin divinities, whose characteristics are so nearly the same as Pan that we may safely consider them as the same personage under different names." —Bulfinch, 1897

Sylvanus

"Sylvanus and Faunus were Latin divinities, whose characteristics are so nearly the same as Pan that…

"The vacuum-pan is in universal use in all European sugar-refineries, and in all well-provided sugar-plantations. It is generally made of copper, of a spherical form, and from six to nine feet in diameter. The bottom is double, leaving a space of an inch or two for the admission of steam between the two bottoms, and there is generally a long coiled copper pipe of three or four inches diameter above the inner bottom, so as to still further increase the amount of heating surface." — Chambers, 1881

Vacuum-pan

"The vacuum-pan is in universal use in all European sugar-refineries, and in all well-provided sugar-plantations.…