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"1. Antherid and spore-case of Chara fragilis not much magnified; 2. the same at a later period, after the dehiscence of the antherid; 3. three of the valves which cover the antherid represented at the moment of dehiscence; 4. an empty tube, in which a few antherozoids are left; 5. Anteroizoids." -Lindley, 1853

Chara fragilis

"1. Antherid and spore-case of Chara fragilis not much magnified; 2. the same at a later period, after…

Also known as Juniperus pachyphlaea. Native to southwestern Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and Mexico.

Branch of Checker Barked Juniper

Also known as Juniperus pachyphlaea. Native to southwestern Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and Mexico.

A type of flower.

Chenopodium

A type of flower.

A branch and section of the flower of the Sour Cherry Tree (Prunus cerasus).

Sour Cherry

A branch and section of the flower of the Sour Cherry Tree (Prunus cerasus).

Cherry-flower in section; petals and stamens andante to tube of calyx-perigynous.

Cherry-Flower

Cherry-flower in section; petals and stamens andante to tube of calyx-perigynous.

Also known as Quercus pagoda. The branch of a Cherrybark Oak tree, native to the southern United States.

Branch of Cherrybark Oak

Also known as Quercus pagoda. The branch of a Cherrybark Oak tree, native to the southern United States.

Also known as Quercus prinus. The branch of a Chestnut Oak tree, native to the eastern United States.

Branch of Chestnut Oak

Also known as Quercus prinus. The branch of a Chestnut Oak tree, native to the eastern United States.

"Monstrous flower of a Cerastium; 2. the pistil and stamens separate; 3. the ovary forced open to show the origin of the ovules and the nature of the imperfect dissepiments; 4. a monstrous ovule." -Lindley, 1853

Mouse-Ear Chickweed

"Monstrous flower of a Cerastium; 2. the pistil and stamens separate; 3. the ovary forced open to show…

"c, flower of Cerastium longipedunculatum, seen from below: s, a sepal." -Whitney, 1911

Nodding Chickweed

"c, flower of Cerastium longipedunculatum, seen from below: s, a sepal." -Whitney, 1911

"d, calyx, showing the five free sepals" of the Nodding Chickweed (Cerastium nutans) -Whitney, 1911

Nodding Chickweed

"d, calyx, showing the five free sepals" of the Nodding Chickweed (Cerastium nutans) -Whitney, 1911

A Chicory flower half cut away, better showing some of the flower.

Chicory

A Chicory flower half cut away, better showing some of the flower.

Also known as Pinus strobiformis. A pine cone of the Chihuahua White Pine tree.

Pine Cone of a Chihuahua White Pine

Also known as Pinus strobiformis. A pine cone of the Chihuahua White Pine tree.

Leaflets wider, toothed; plants pernnial.

Cicuta

Leaflets wider, toothed; plants pernnial.

Minutely ciliate.

Cilliate

Minutely ciliate.

"Bolivia raises some of the best cinchona, although excellent cinchona is also raised in Peru and all along the eastern slopes of the Andes between here and Columbia." —Carpenter, 1902

Cinchona

"Bolivia raises some of the best cinchona, although excellent cinchona is also raised in Peru and all…

The cinnamon tree is a evergreen tree small in stature. The bark from the tree is used as a the spice, cinnamon.

Cinnamon Tree

The cinnamon tree is a evergreen tree small in stature. The bark from the tree is used as a the spice,…

Circaea with angles bearing little lobes.

Circaea

Circaea with angles bearing little lobes.

"Cissampelos tropaeolifolia. 1. a female flower; 2. a portion of a fruit, with the seed laid bare; 3. a perpendicular section of a fruit." -Lindley, 1853

Cissampelos

"Cissampelos tropaeolifolia. 1. a female flower; 2. a portion of a fruit, with the seed laid bare; 3.…

"Cistus Berthelotianus. 1. a vertical section of ovary and calyx; 2. a seed cut through; the pointed end being the true apex." -Lindley, 1853

Cistus

"Cistus Berthelotianus. 1. a vertical section of ovary and calyx; 2. a seed cut through; the pointed…

Spikelets with the uppermost scale only enclosing an achene; our commonest species has saw-edged. cutting leaves.

Cladium

Spikelets with the uppermost scale only enclosing an achene; our commonest species has saw-edged. cutting…

The contracted stalk-like base of a petal.

Claw

The contracted stalk-like base of a petal.

"Galium Aparine; 1. a flower; 2. a young fruit without the corolla; 3. a perpendicular section of a ripe fruit." -Lindley, 1853

Cleavers

"Galium Aparine; 1. a flower; 2. a young fruit without the corolla; 3. a perpendicular section of a…

Grafting is a horticultural operation which consists in placing together the two cut surfaces of different plants in such a way that they shall unite and become an organic unity. The rooted plant which is to receive the graft is called the 'stock'; the cutting which is to be applied to the stock, and to obtain its nourishment from it, is called the 'scion'. This illustration shows the Cleft method of grafting.

Cleft Grafting

Grafting is a horticultural operation which consists in placing together the two cut surfaces of different…

Clematis illustration showing leaf stalks modified as tendrils.

Clematis

Clematis illustration showing leaf stalks modified as tendrils.

Flower of a Cleome of the section Gynandropsis, showing broadened receptacles to bear petals, lengthened stripe below stamens, and another between these and pistil.

Flower of a Cleome

Flower of a Cleome of the section Gynandropsis, showing broadened receptacles to bear petals, lengthened…

Sepals copiously pubescent; fruit a subglobose, valved capsule, leaves cuneate.

Clethra

Sepals copiously pubescent; fruit a subglobose, valved capsule, leaves cuneate.

Flower clusters terminal, fruit winged.

Cliftonia

Flower clusters terminal, fruit winged.

1, convolvulus (twining stem).

Climbing Plants

1, convolvulus (twining stem).

A species of peas that profusely covered with pods. The pods have one of the sweetest flavors of the varieties.

Rawson's Clipper

A species of peas that profusely covered with pods. The pods have one of the sweetest flavors of the…

Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum, syn. Eugenia aromaticum or Eugenia caryophyllata) are the aromatic dried flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae. Cloves are native to Indonesia and used as a spice in cuisine all over the world. The name derives from French clou, a nail, as the buds vaguely resemble small irregular nails in shape. Cloves are harvested primarily in Indonesia, Madagascar, and Zanzibar, ; it is also grown in India called Lavang , Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. The clove tree is an evergreen which grows to a height ranging from 10-20 m, having large oval leaves and crimson flowers in numerous groups of terminal clusters. The flower buds are at first of a pale color and gradually become green, after which they develop into a bright red, when they are ready for collecting. Cloves are harvested when 1.5-2 cm long, and consist of a long calyx, terminating in four spreading sepals, and four unopened petals which form a small ball in the centre.

Clove Plant and Seed

Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum, syn. Eugenia aromaticum or Eugenia caryophyllata) are the aromatic dried…

Clover is a valuable food for animals and keeps soil fertile.

Clover

Clover is a valuable food for animals and keeps soil fertile.

A healthy potted clover plant.

Clover, Potted

A healthy potted clover plant.

A red clover plant. It does not reproduce except from seed.

Clover, red

A red clover plant. It does not reproduce except from seed.

Branch of white clover showing the method of forming new plants.

White clover

Branch of white clover showing the method of forming new plants.

Also known as Quercus agrifolia. The branch of a Coast Live Oak, native to the California Floristic Province.

Branch of Coast Live Oak

Also known as Quercus agrifolia. The branch of a Coast Live Oak, native to the California Floristic…

Also known as Quercus dumosa. The branch of a Coastal Sage Scrub Oak tree, native to Mexico and California.

Branch of Coastal Sage Scrub Oak

Also known as Quercus dumosa. The branch of a Coastal Sage Scrub Oak tree, native to Mexico and California.

"Erythroxylon. 1. a flower; 2. one of the petals; 3. the pistil with 3 capitate stigmas; 4. a drupe; 5. the embryo." -Lindley, 1853

Coca

"Erythroxylon. 1. a flower; 2. one of the petals; 3. the pistil with 3 capitate stigmas; 4. a drupe;…

Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays a significant role in traditional Andean culture. Coca leaves contain cocaine alkaloids, a basis for the drug cocaine, which is a powerful stimulant. Coca should not be confused with the similarly named South American cocoa bean from which chocolate is made. The plant resembles a blackthorn bush, and grows to a height of 2–3 m (7–10 ft). The branches are straight, and the leaves, which have a green tint, are thin, opaque, oval, and taper at the extremities. A marked characteristic of the leaf is an areolated portion bounded by two longitudinal curved lines, one line on each side of the midrib, and more conspicuous on the under face of the leaf. The flowers are small, and disposed in little clusters on short stalks; the corolla is composed of five yellowish-white petals, the anthers are heart-shaped, and the pistil consists of three carpels united to form a three-chambered ovary. The flowers mature into red berries.

Coca Flower

Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays…

A branch of a Coccoloba laurifolia tree.

Branch of Coccoloba Laurifolia

A branch of a Coccoloba laurifolia tree.

A branch of the Coccothrinax jucunda, a species of palm tree.

Branch of Coccothrinax Jucunda

A branch of the Coccothrinax jucunda, a species of palm tree.

Also known as Crataegus crus-galli. The branch of a Cockspur Thorn shrub, native to eastern North America.

Branch of Cockspur Thorn

Also known as Crataegus crus-galli. The branch of a Cockspur Thorn shrub, native to eastern North America.

Cocoa or Cacao. 1, flower; 2, pod; 3, section of pod.

Cocoa plant

Cocoa or Cacao. 1, flower; 2, pod; 3, section of pod.

"Adenocarpus frankenioides. 1. the standard, wings, and keel split open; 2. the stamens; 3. a cross section of a seed; 4. a legume, with a portion of one of the valves turned back." -Lindley, 1853

Codeso del Pico

"Adenocarpus frankenioides. 1. the standard, wings, and keel split open; 2. the stamens; 3. a cross…

Coffee is the berry of a tree found native in Abyssinia. The tree attains a height of 15 to 20 feet, but when cultivated, it is generally kept lower by cutting. The tree has shining green leaves, and bears beautiful white flowers, which are followed by reddish-brown berries, each of which contains two grains of coffee. The coffee-tree is cultivated extensively in Arabia, Java, the Philippines, Ceylon, Brazil, and in the West Indies.

Coffee

Coffee is the berry of a tree found native in Abyssinia. The tree attains a height of 15 to 20 feet,…

The Kentucky Coffeetree (Gymnocladus dioicus) is a tree in the Fabaceae family of legumes. It was also known as the synonym Gymnocladus Canadensis. "a, part of male flwer, showing stamens; b, fruit; c, seed." -Whitney, 1911

Kentucky Coffeetree

The Kentucky Coffeetree (Gymnocladus dioicus) is a tree in the Fabaceae family of legumes. It was also…

Aquilegia vulgaris is a perennial plant also known as the European columbine or Granny's Nightcap.

European Columbine

Aquilegia vulgaris is a perennial plant also known as the European columbine or Granny's Nightcap.

"Columellia oblonga. 1. a flower; 2. half an ovary; 3. a fruit." -Lindley, 1853

Columellia

"Columellia oblonga. 1. a flower; 2. half an ovary; 3. a fruit." -Lindley, 1853

"Symphytum officinale; 2. a diagram of its flower; 3. its pistil; 4. the calyx opened, with two of the nuts remaining; 5. a vertical section of a nut." -Lindley, 1853

Comfrey

"Symphytum officinale; 2. a diagram of its flower; 3. its pistil; 4. the calyx opened, with two of the…

Also known as Juniperus communis. It is generally found throughout the Northern Hemisphere.

Branch of Common Juniper

Also known as Juniperus communis. It is generally found throughout the Northern Hemisphere.

Also known as Asimina triloba. A branch of a Common Pawpaw tree, native throughout eastern North America.

Branch of Common Pawpaw

Also known as Asimina triloba. A branch of a Common Pawpaw tree, native throughout eastern North America.

Composed of two or more similar parts united to form one whole; for instance, a leaf.

Compound

Composed of two or more similar parts united to form one whole; for instance, a leaf.

This illustration shows two types of compound leaves derived from the circular type: 7. palmately compound; 8. cleft orbicular.

Compound Leaves Derived from the Circular Type

This illustration shows two types of compound leaves derived from the circular type: 7. palmately compound;…

Also known as Rudbeckia purpurea and Echinacea purpurea. A flower with lavender drooping petals surrounding a brownish central disk.

Purple Coneflower

Also known as Rudbeckia purpurea and Echinacea purpurea. A flower with lavender drooping petals surrounding…

A type of flower.

Convolvulus

A type of flower.

The Aechmea fulgens of coralberry is a bromeliad which is often used as a decorative plant.

Coralberry

The Aechmea fulgens of coralberry is a bromeliad which is often used as a decorative plant.

Heart-shaped with the tip forward.

Cordate

Heart-shaped with the tip forward.

The Sphaeria sinensis a cordycep, a parasitic fungus. "The right hand figure represents the manner in which it is made up for sale." -Lindley, 1853

Cordycep

The Sphaeria sinensis a cordycep, a parasitic fungus. "The right hand figure represents the manner in…

The Sphaeria Robertsii a cordycep, a parasitic fungus "growing from the caterpillar of a New Zealand moth called Hepialus verescens." -Lindley, 1853

Cordycep

The Sphaeria Robertsii a cordycep, a parasitic fungus "growing from the caterpillar of a New Zealand…

"Cordyline (Sansevieria) hyacinthoides. (a), flower; (b), fruit." -Whitney, 1911

Cordyline

"Cordyline (Sansevieria) hyacinthoides. (a), flower; (b), fruit." -Whitney, 1911

Flowers few, showy, pinkish purple.

Coreopsis

Flowers few, showy, pinkish purple.