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A print from the engraving, The King's Banquet from "Tristan" published by Antoine Verard.

The King's Banquet

A print from the engraving, The King's Banquet from "Tristan" published by Antoine Verard.

"At the age of twenty-one the squire became a knight, being then introduced to the order of knighthood by a peculiar and impressive service."—Myers, 1905

Arming a Knight

"At the age of twenty-one the squire became a knight, being then introduced to the order of knighthood…

A ritual where a knight is stripped of his position due to discipline.

Degradation of a Knight

A ritual where a knight is stripped of his position due to discipline.

This painting, by Titian, is of the Dutches of Urbino. The painting can now be found hanging in the Pitti Palace in Florence, Italy.

La Donna

This painting, by Titian, is of the Dutches of Urbino. The painting can now be found hanging in the…

A common charge in heraldry. It generally symbolizes bravery, strength, and royalty.

Heraldic Lion

A common charge in heraldry. It generally symbolizes bravery, strength, and royalty.

(1289-1316) King of France from 1314-1316

Louis X of France

(1289-1316) King of France from 1314-1316

(1423-1483) King of France form 1461-1483 who united most of France under one crown. He also laid the foundations for absolute monarchy in France, patronized the arts and sciences, and founded three universities.

Louis XI of France

(1423-1483) King of France form 1461-1483 who united most of France under one crown. He also laid the…

"The reign of Louis the Fourteenth has been termed the Augustan age of France. This monarch had none of the commanding qualities which create a nation or an era, and he would not have been distinguished from common princes in common circumstances. Destitute himself of the true sentiment of greatness, he yet became, fortuitously, the instrument of great deeds, and his reign will always be a memorable period in history." — Goodrich, 1844

Louis XIV in his chambers

"The reign of Louis the Fourteenth has been termed the Augustan age of France. This monarch had none…

(1754-1793) King of France 1774-1793 who married Marie Antoinette and allowed France to become involved in the War of American Independence

King Louis XVI of France

(1754-1793) King of France 1774-1793 who married Marie Antoinette and allowed France to become involved…

An ensign of authority.

Mace

An ensign of authority.

(1290-1315) Queen and wife to Charles x

Marguerite de Bourgogne

(1290-1315) Queen and wife to Charles x

Mary, the fourth and penultimate monarch of the Tudor dynasty, is remembered for returning England from Protestantism to Roman Catholicism. To this end, she had almost three hundred religious dissenters executed; as a consequence, she is often known as Bloody Mary. Her religious policies, however, were in many cases reversed by her successor and half-sister, Elizabeth I. Mary Tudor was a cousin, once removed, of Mary, Queen of Scots, with whom she is often confused by those unfamiliar with British history.

Mary I

Mary, the fourth and penultimate monarch of the Tudor dynasty, is remembered for returning England from…

Mary, Queen of Scots (1542 – 1587), also known as Mary Stuart or Mary I, reigned over Scotland from 14 December 1542 to 24 July 1567. As wife of King Francis II of France, she was queen consort of France during her husband's brief reign.

Mary Queen of Scots

Mary, Queen of Scots (1542 – 1587), also known as Mary Stuart or Mary I, reigned over Scotland from…

An illustration of a young boy in a room full of royal looking men. The boy is walking towards one of the men, holding an object out to one of the men that looks like a key.

Boy in a Group of Men

An illustration of a young boy in a room full of royal looking men. The boy is walking towards one of…

"MOUND. A globe encircled with a band and surmounted with a cross; it is an ensign of royalty, signifying dominion." -Hall, 1862

Mound

"MOUND. A globe encircled with a band and surmounted with a cross; it is an ensign of royalty, signifying…

A crown, made of gold.

Corona Navalis

A crown, made of gold.

Philip sought an alliance with the Kingdom of England, marrying the Catholic Queen Mary I of England in 1554. On occasion of the marriage, he was created King of Chile by his father and received the Kingdom of Naples and the title of a King of Jerusalem, which came with it, from him. Under the terms of the marriage, Philip became King Consort, during the lifetime of his spouse. The marriage was unpopular with her subjects and was a purely political alliance as far as Philip was concerned. On January 16, 1556, Philip succeeded to the throne of Spain, as a result of his father's abdication, but he did not choose to reside i the country until his father's death two years later. After Mary died childless in 1558, Philip showed an interest in marrying her Protestant younger half-sister, Queen Elizabeth I of England, but this plan fell through for a number of reasons.

Philip II

Philip sought an alliance with the Kingdom of England, marrying the Catholic Queen Mary I of England…

(1165-1223) King of France

Philippe Auguste of France

(1165-1223) King of France

(1527-1598) King of Spain

King Philippe II of Spain

(1527-1598) King of Spain

(1214-1270) King of France

Philippe III of France

(1214-1270) King of France

(1268-1314) King of France from 1285-1314.

Philippe IV of France

(1268-1314) King of France from 1285-1314.

The heraldic shield of Henry Plantagenet of Bolingbroke, 1399.

Shield of Henry Plantagenet

The heraldic shield of Henry Plantagenet of Bolingbroke, 1399.

A princess, from a nursery rhyme.

Princess

A princess, from a nursery rhyme.

"An Ethiopian princess on her journey through Upper Egypt to Thebes. The chariot is drawn by oxen, a mode of conveyance in use at this day in Southern Africa." — Goodrich, 1844

Ethiopian Princess

"An Ethiopian princess on her journey through Upper Egypt to Thebes. The chariot is drawn by oxen, a…

An illustration of a queen looking to her right.

Queen

An illustration of a queen looking to her right.

A queen thinking of a wish while a knight holds her birthday cake.

Queen's Birthday

A queen thinking of a wish while a knight holds her birthday cake.

Richard II (6 January 1367 – ca. 14 February 1400) was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399. Richard, a son of Edward, the Black Prince, was born in 1367, during the reign of his grandfather, Edward III. Richard became second in line to the throne when his older brother Edward of Angoulême died, and heir apparent when his father died in 1376. With Edward III's death the following year, Richard succeeded to the throne at the age of ten.

Richard II

Richard II (6 January 1367 – ca. 14 February 1400) was King of England from 1377 until he was…

Members of the royal family take a walk outside with the castle in the background.

Royalty

Members of the royal family take a walk outside with the castle in the background.

A portrait of the King and Queen of Spain during the 19th century.

The King and Queen of Spain

A portrait of the King and Queen of Spain during the 19th century.

(1215-1270) French King who married Blanche of Castille. He is known for protecting the French clergy and strictly enforcing laws against blasphemy. He was canonized in 1297.

St. Louis

(1215-1270) French King who married Blanche of Castille. He is known for protecting the French clergy…

(1542-1587) Mary, Queen of Scots (Mary I of Scotland).

Mary, Queen of Scots

(1542-1587) Mary, Queen of Scots (Mary I of Scotland).

An illustration of a troll king being pushed on his throne.

Troll King

An illustration of a troll king being pushed on his throne.

The heraldic shield of Her Majesty Queen Victoria.

Shield of Queen Victoria

The heraldic shield of Her Majesty Queen Victoria.

The White Ensign is a flag of Great Britain. It is the peculiar flag of the royal navy.

White Ensign

The White Ensign is a flag of Great Britain. It is the peculiar flag of the royal navy.