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Similar section of a sterile conceptacle, containing slender antheridia.

Marine Algae of New England

Similar section of a sterile conceptacle, containing slender antheridia.

The evolute spiral modern border is a wavelike pattern that mimics the waves of the sea.

Evolute Spiral Modern Border

The evolute spiral modern border is a wavelike pattern that mimics the waves of the sea.

Roman god of the sea

Neptune

Roman god of the sea

"The following cut from an antique in the British Museum, represents the head of Neptune. The hair rises from the forehead, and then falls down in flakes, as if wet." — Anthon, 1891

Head of Neptune

"The following cut from an antique in the British Museum, represents the head of Neptune. The hair rises…

"Nereid." —Bulfinch, 1897

Nereid

"Nereid." —Bulfinch, 1897

"The polished nerita, <em>Nerita polita</em>, is distributed through nearly all tropical seas." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Polished nerita

"The polished nerita, Nerita polita, is distributed through nearly all tropical seas." —…

Osmington, Near Weymouth, a painting by John Constable.

Osmington, Near Weymouth

Osmington, Near Weymouth, a painting by John Constable.

The evolute spiral painting is a wavelike pattern that mimics the waves of the sea. Designed during the Italian Renaissance, it was found in a palace in Italy.

Evolute Spiral Painting

The evolute spiral painting is a wavelike pattern that mimics the waves of the sea. Designed during…

The evolute spiral paintings is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. In this design it was used on the borders of antique vessels.

Evolute Spiral Paintings

The evolute spiral paintings is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. In this design it was…

The evolute spiral paintings is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. In this design it was used on the borders of antique vessels.

Evolute Spiral Paintings

The evolute spiral paintings is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. In this design it was…

The evolute spiral paintings is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. In this design it was used on the borders of antique vessels.

Evolute Spiral Paintings

The evolute spiral paintings is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. In this design it was…

The evolute spiral paintings is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. In this design it was used on the borders of antique vessels.

Evolute Spiral Paintings

The evolute spiral paintings is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. In this design it was…

"But lighting upon a place where two seas met, they ran the vessel aground; and the foreship struck and remained unmoveable, but the stern began to break up by the violence of the waves. And the soldiers' counsel was to kill the prisoners, lest any of them should swim out, and escape. But the centurion, desiring to save Paul, stayed them from their purpose; and commanded that they who could swim should cast themselves overboard, and get first to the land; and the rest, some on planks, and some on other things from the ship. And so it came to pass, that they all escaped safe to the land." Acts 27:41-44 ASV <p>Illustration of Paul's ship wrecking in the waves on the coast of Malta. The ship can be seen sinking in the background as Paul and several soldiers swim in the violent waves. One soldier clings to a splinter of wood.

Paul is Shipwrecked on Malta

"But lighting upon a place where two seas met, they ran the vessel aground; and the foreship struck…

<i>Sipunculus nudus</i>. A species of unsegmented marine worm, commonly called the peanut worm. "B, Larval Sipunculus, about one twelfth of an inch long. o, mouth; oe, esophagus; s, caecal gland; i1, intestine with masses of fatty cells; a, anus; w, ciliated groove of intestine; g, brain with two pairs of red eye-spots; n, nervous cord; p, pore; t, t1, so-called testes; W, W, circlet of cilia." &mdash;Whitney, 1889

Peanut Worm - Interior Anatomy of Larva

Sipunculus nudus. A species of unsegmented marine worm, commonly called the peanut worm. "B, Larval…

Pearl divers hunting for oysters on the bottom of the sea.

Pearl-fishery

Pearl divers hunting for oysters on the bottom of the sea.

Section to illustrate the arrangement and change in facies in an offlapping series formed during a retreatal movement of the sea.

Progressive Offlapping

Section to illustrate the arrangement and change in facies in an offlapping series formed during a retreatal…

Section to show normal progressive overlap of the formations and their shoreward change from muds to sands and pebbles.

Progressive Overlap

Section to show normal progressive overlap of the formations and their shoreward change from muds to…

"A common European type of the group is the species Psammechinus esculentus. In certain forms the test is perforated by slit-like apertures." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Psammechinus esculentus

"A common European type of the group is the species Psammechinus esculentus. In certain forms the test…

Mollusks grouped as opisthobranch gasteropods. Carniverous and found in open water.

Pteropoda

Mollusks grouped as opisthobranch gasteropods. Carniverous and found in open water.

This is an illustration of the Fairy Queen by English artist Walter Crane in 1896. It is an English epic poem by Edmund Spenser. This illustration shows a ship traveling the sea.

Fairy Queen

This is an illustration of the Fairy Queen by English artist Walter Crane in 1896. It is an English…

This is an illustration of the Fairy Queen by English artist Walter Crane in 1896. It is an English epic poem by Edmund Spenser. This illustration shows a ship traveling the sea.

Fairy Queen

This is an illustration of the Fairy Queen by English artist Walter Crane in 1896. It is an English…

"And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its strength when the morning appeared; and the Egyptians fled against it; and Jehovah overthrew the Egyptians in the midst of the sea. And the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, even all the host of Pharaoh that went in after them into the sea; there remained not so much as one of them." Exodus 14:27-28 ASV <p>Pharaoh and his armies are destroyed by the returning water of the Red Sea. Men, chariots, weapons, and horses are tossed by waves. Moses and the Israelites stand on dry land in the background. Moses has his staff raised over the waters. A single strike of lightning streaks the sky.

The Red Sea Swallows Pharaoh and His Army

"And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its strength when the morning…

<i>Fusus antiquus</i>. "...a division of prosobranchiate gastropods, having the lip of the shell notched, canaliculate, or tubular, for the protrusion of a respiratory siphon. a, branchial siphon; b, proboscis; c, operculum; d, d, tentacles; f, foot." &mdash;Whitney, 1889

Red Whelk

Fusus antiquus. "...a division of prosobranchiate gastropods, having the lip of the shell notched, canaliculate,…

In this age the animals and plants begin to resemble existing species. The age is characterized mainly by the preponderance of reptiles, many of which were very large, as, for example, the <em>plesiosaurus</em>, an animal with a long, snake-like neck and a huge body, or the <em>ichthyosaurus</em>, with a head like a crocodile and short neck and large body. Both of these animals were furnished with fin-like paddles, and lived in water.

Reptiles

In this age the animals and plants begin to resemble existing species. The age is characterized mainly…

Upper end of a Rockweed, Fucus vesiculosus.

Rockweed

Upper end of a Rockweed, Fucus vesiculosus.

"Rotula Augusti" &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Rotula Augusti

"Rotula Augusti" — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"A small sail set under another, or between two other sails, to catch or save the wind." &mdash;Whitney, 1889 <p>This illustration shows the save-all labeled with an "a". The hull of the boat as well as other sails and masts are visible.

Save-All, or Catch-All

"A small sail set under another, or between two other sails, to catch or save the wind." —Whitney,…

<i>Pristis pectinatus</i>. "1. An elasmobranchiate or selachian fish of the family <i>Pristidae</i>, having the snout prolonged into a flat saw or serra beset on each side with horizontal teeth pointing sidewise." &mdash;Whitney, 1889

Sawfish, Side View

Pristis pectinatus. "1. An elasmobranchiate or selachian fish of the family Pristidae, having the snout…

<i>Pristis pectinatus</i>. "1. An elasmobranchiate or selachian fish of the family <i>Pristidae</i>, having the snout prolonged into a flat saw or serra beset on each side with horizontal teeth pointing sidewise." &mdash;Whitney, 1889

Sawfish, View from Underneath

Pristis pectinatus. "1. An elasmobranchiate or selachian fish of the family Pristidae, having the snout…

Agarum Turneri, Sea Colander, so called from the perforations with which the frond, as it grows, becomes riddled.

Sea Colander

Agarum Turneri, Sea Colander, so called from the perforations with which the frond, as it grows, becomes…

"Sea lavender (<em>statice limonium</em>) is a native British plant, being fairly common in certain parts of the coast."&mdash;Finley, 1917

Sea lavender

"Sea lavender (statice limonium) is a native British plant, being fairly common in certain…

Section of a flower from a sea lavender.

Section of sea lavender flower

Section of a flower from a sea lavender.

Flower of the sea lavender.

Flower of the sea lavender

Flower of the sea lavender.

<i>Otaria jubata</i>. One of several large eared seals, or otaries. Also called "Cook's otary" or the "Patagonian sea-lion". "It is related to the sea-bear...but is larger." &mdash;Whitney, 1889

Sea Lion

Otaria jubata. One of several large eared seals, or otaries. Also called "Cook's otary" or the "Patagonian…

"Have a large air-bladder, which they inflate by swallowing air, till they appear almost like balls. They are also covered with spines which they erect at will." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Sea Porcupine

"Have a large air-bladder, which they inflate by swallowing air, till they appear almost like balls.…

"Is five to eight inches long; is very voracious, swims rapidly, and si found under stones and sea-weed along the European shores. They are often caught in trawl-nets, but are of no value, on account of their sharp spines they are carefully handled; common in European and American waters." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Sea Scorpion

"Is five to eight inches long; is very voracious, swims rapidly, and si found under stones and sea-weed…

"Their tentacles, which are disposed in regular circles, and tinged with a variety of bright lively colors, very nearly represent the beautiful petals of some f the most elegantly fringed and radiated flowers, such as the carnation, marygold, and anemone. They are of various sizes, from that of the smallest thimble to the largest apple; and have considerable power of locomotion, being able not only to move along upon the base, but also in a reversed position upon their entacles." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Sea-anemone

"Their tentacles, which are disposed in regular circles, and tinged with a variety of bright lively…

"Their tentacles, which are disposed in regular circles, and tinged with a variety of bright lively colors, very nearly represent the beautiful petals of some f the most elegantly fringed and radiated flowers, such as the carnation, marygold, and anemone. They are of various sizes, from that of the smallest thimble to the largest apple; and have considerable power of locomotion, being able not only to move along upon the base, but also in a reversed position upon their entacles." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Mouth of the sea-anemone

"Their tentacles, which are disposed in regular circles, and tinged with a variety of bright lively…

"The Angular Sea-Cucumber, <em>C. pentactes</em>, is also a European species, with double rows of warty suckers." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Angular sea-cucumber

"The Angular Sea-Cucumber, C. pentactes, is also a European species, with double rows of warty…

"<em>Sea-Cucumbers</em> are of various forms, some of the species being found in nearly all seas. They generally live among sea-weed or in mud, and are supposed to seize their prey by their tentacles. They have the power of elongating and contracting their forms so as at one time to appear like worms, and at another to assume the shape of an hour-glass." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Common sea-cucumber

"Sea-Cucumbers are of various forms, some of the species being found in nearly all seas. They…

"In the family of the Gorgonidae the substance of the polypidom is collected into a solid central axis, covered by the fleshy mass in which the polypes are imbedded. The axis is cometimes calcareous, sometimes horny; in certain casees it is formed of a series of joints united by horny rings. Many species grow in a more or less aborescent form, of which the <em>Sea-Fans</em> are an example." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Sea-fan

"In the family of the Gorgonidae the substance of the polypidom is collected into a solid central axis,…

"The Sea-fan (<em>gorgonia cavolinii</em>)." &mdash;Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Sea-fan

"The Sea-fan (gorgonia cavolinii)." —Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

"The sea-fan (Gorgonia cavolinii)." &mdash; The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Sea-fan

"The sea-fan (Gorgonia cavolinii)." — The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

"The main stem of the polypidom of these animals is fleshy, but is furnished with an internal bony axis, which, however, does not reach to either exlamellae, which stand out upon each side of stalk, giving the whole polypidom, in some cases, the appearance of a large quill-feather. Of this the Sea-Pen, <I>Pennatula grisea</em>, is a familiar example. There are, however, many other forms." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Sea-pen

"The main stem of the polypidom of these animals is fleshy, but is furnished with an internal bony axis,…

"Four inches long; found in the European seas." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Sea-snail

"Four inches long; found in the European seas." — Goodrich, 1859

The bicolored sea-snake is found in the waters of the Pacific Ocean, especially in the vicinity of Tahiti.

Bicolored sea-snake

The bicolored sea-snake is found in the waters of the Pacific Ocean, especially in the vicinity of Tahiti.

"The colors in this are variable but brilliant - red, purple, green, and white. It measures from nine to twelve inches across, and feeds ravenously on shell-fish." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Common European sea-star

"The colors in this are variable but brilliant - red, purple, green, and white. It measures from nine…

The most remarkable family of the Echinida are the <em>Sea-Eggs</em> or <em>Sea-Urchins</em> - <em>Cidaridae</em>: they consist of several species, somewhat varying in form, some being nearly flat, some oval, some heart-shaped, and some like the <em>Echinus esculentus</em>, resembling an orange in shape." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Sea-urchin

The most remarkable family of the Echinida are the Sea-Eggs or Sea-Urchins - Cidaridae:…

"The globular crest of this animal is made up of several hundred polygonal pieces of different sizes, of every variety of outline, and so accurately fitted to each other that the lines uniting them are nearly inperceptible." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Sea-urchin without spines

"The globular crest of this animal is made up of several hundred polygonal pieces of different sizes,…

A small seagull standing on a piece of wood.

Seagull

A small seagull standing on a piece of wood.

A black-headed Gull standing on one leg on the beach.

Black-headed Seagull

A black-headed Gull standing on one leg on the beach.

"These animals have a head of the shape of a horse, and a long tail without any fin, but which is used by the fish to lay hold of sea-weed and other objects' &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Seahorse

"These animals have a head of the shape of a horse, and a long tail without any fin, but which is used…

"The seal <i>Macrorhinus elephantinus</i> or <i>proboscideus</i>, or <i>Morunga proboscidea</i>. It is the largest of the otaries; the snout is prolonged into a proboscis suggestive of an elephant's trunk. It is confined to the higher latitudes of the southern hemisphere...." &mdash;Whitney, 1889

Elephant Seal on a Rock

"The seal Macrorhinus elephantinus or proboscideus, or Morunga proboscidea. It is the largest of the…

The species found in Alaska and the Commander Islands in the Bering Sea is the fur seal.

Fur Seal

The species found in Alaska and the Commander Islands in the Bering Sea is the fur seal.

<i>Leptonychotes weddelli</i>. "A spotted seal of the southern and antarctic seas, belonging to the family <i>Phocidae</i> and either of two different genera." &mdash;Whitney, 1889 <p>This illustration shows the seal lying on some rocks.

Leopard Seal

Leptonychotes weddelli. "A spotted seal of the southern and antarctic seas, belonging to the family…

16. Andrena cineraria, 17. Helix virgata, 18. Pod-lover moth, 19. Anurida maritima, 20. Machillis maritima, 21. Sea-slater, 22. Shore wainscot moth, 23. Ground lackey moth.

Types of Seashore Life

16. Andrena cineraria, 17. Helix virgata, 18. Pod-lover moth, 19. Anurida maritima, 20. Machillis maritima,…

24. Various corals, 25. Razor-shell, 26. Cockle, 27. Various winkels, 28. Shore crab, 29. Father lasher, 30. Periophthalamus, 31. Lobworm, 32. Gunnel

Types of Seashore Life

24. Various corals, 25. Razor-shell, 26. Cockle, 27. Various winkels, 28. Shore crab, 29. Father lasher,…

1. Sea-plantain. 2. Sea-pink 3. Sea-reed, 4. Sea Rocket, 5. Sea Campion, 6. Sea-holly 7. Sea-spurge 8. Stone-pop

Types of Seashore Life

1. Sea-plantain. 2. Sea-pink 3. Sea-reed, 4. Sea Rocket, 5. Sea Campion, 6. Sea-holly 7. Sea-spurge…

"Three to seven feet long, agreeing with the gobies in the abscence of the air-bladder; the pectoral fin large; the mouth large and armed with enormous acute fangs." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Seawolf

"Three to seven feet long, agreeing with the gobies in the abscence of the air-bladder; the pectoral…

The movement of General Sherman's troops towards the Atlantic Ocean.

Sherman's March to the Sea

The movement of General Sherman's troops towards the Atlantic Ocean.